ai
ai
Expectations
George Self
Spring, 2024
[email protected]
https://georgeteaches.com
Artificial Intelligence Spring, 2024
Artificial Intelligence
Introduction
Welcome to the fascinating world of Artificial Intelligence! This dynamic field is revolutionizing
industries across the board, from healthcare to transportation. I'm excited to guide you through this
concise Introduction to Artificial Intelligence, whether you're a seasoned computer science
enthusiast or just embarking on your journey. This class has been crafted to facilitate your
exploration of the expansive and captivating realm of AI, without requiring any prior technical
background.
Artificial Intelligence isn't just the future; it's the present reality! You might not be fully aware, but AI
already permeates our daily lives – from the voice assistants on our smartphones to the precisely
targeted ads we encounter on social media platforms. This technology empowers machines to
learn from data, enhance their performance, and even make decisions akin to humans. Armed with
the right tools and methodologies, AI has the capacity to tackle some of humanity's most intricate
challenges, sparking innovations once deemed unattainable.
So, get ready, because this class promises an exhilarating journey! You'll gain hands-on exposure to
some of the most potent AI tools and techniques, all while learning from industry experts who stand
at the forefront of this rapidly evolving field. Brace yourself to unearth the remarkable possibilities
that Artificial Intelligence unfolds!
No Login Required
Perplexity: This site is free to use without a login account but purchasing a $20/month “Pro”
account permits longer prompts and file upload capability. (https://www.perplexity.ai/)
Pi: This is a "personal intelligence" Chatbot. It is free to use without any login account; in fact, there
is no way to even create a paid account (https://heypi.com/talk)!
Quillbot: Rewrite text to make it easier to understand. There is a free version available with limited
features (https://quillbot.com/).
DiffusionArt: This site offers dozens of free text-to-image tools. No logon ID is required
(https://diffusionart.co/).
Summarize.tech: Provides a summary of any long YouTube video, like a lecture or meeting. A few
videos per day are allowed for free, paid version has no daily limits
(https://www.summarize.tech/).
SongR: This site creates a short song in one of several genres based on an input prompt. This is
free, but the created music will never win any awards (https://app.songr.ai/).
PromptBot: This free resource generates prompts for chatbots or image generators. It is free to use,
and no logon is needed (https://www.seotraininglondon.org/promptbot/).
AI Scout: This site catalogs over 1000 AI tools that can be searched by category or other
description. It is free to use, and no logon is needed (https://aiscout.net/).
Gemini: This is the Google Chatbot. It is free to use, but you must log into the site with your Google
account (https://gemini.google.com/).
ChatGPT: This is the first publicly available Chatbot. It is free to use, but you must log in with an
email, Google, Microsoft, or Apple account (https://chat.openai.com/).
LowTech AI: This site hosts hundreds of AI tools to help you with your everyday tasks. For example,
there are tools to help you write emails, plan a vacation, or bake a cake. It’s free to use, but
you need to log in with an email or Google account (https://lowtech.ai/home).
ElevenLabs: Converts printed text into AI-generated speech. You can create a free account that is
limited to 10,000 characters per month, about 10 minutes of speech. Paid versions offer
millions of characters per month (https://elevenlabs.io/).
6. Remember to occasionally click the NEW TOPIC button to the left of the prompt entry box.
This will “clear out” all previous prompts so new queries get a fresh start.
Ancient Origins: The origins of artificial intelligence can be traced back to the ancient wisdom of
scholars such as Aristotle and Euclid, who defined the human mind as the manipulation of
symbols guided by logic. As early as the nineteenth century, inventors experimented with
automata, sophisticated mechanical contraptions designed to mimic human and animal
motions for specific purposes. These early ideas laid the groundwork for the emergence of
artificial intelligence, bridging the gap between old philosophical truths and modern
technical wonders.
AI's emergence: The pioneering work of British mathematician and computer scientist Alan Turing
paved the way for the field of artificial intelligence in the 1950s. His research into computers
paved the way for the development of artificial intelligence, piquing scientists' interest.
Turing's influence goes on, most notably through the "Turing Test," which proposes that if a
machine can hold a conversation that is indistinguishable from a human's, it is considered
"thinking."
Advancements in AI: In the 1960s, AI research shifted from abstract notions to practical
applications. Computer systems capable of solving problems, recognizing patterns, and
simulating human behavior began to emerge. This path has evolved to include natural
language processing, expert systems, machine learning, and robots. Notable examples
include MYCIN, which helped doctors diagnose infections, and PROSPECTOR, which
helped geologists locate mining resources.
AI Expansion: The introduction of neural networks in the 1980s and 1990s marked the beginning of
a new era in which computers could learn from data and make judgments. This
achievement laid the groundwork for self-driving cars, facial recognition, and virtual
assistants.
AI Today: The 2010s saw a rise in natural language processing and machine learning, leading to
more advanced "conversational agent" chatbots like Siri, Cortana, and Alexa. In the late
2010s, advancements in large language models paved the way for "generative AI" chatbots
like ChatGPT, which can understand natural language better and generate creative content.
The release of ChatGPT in 2022 sparked a wave of interest in generative AI chatbots from
technology vendors, the public, and customer experience professionals. By January 2023,
ChatGPT had garnered a remarkable achievement – 100 million monthly active users –
within two months of its launch, securing its position as the fastest-growing consumer
application in history. Competitors like Google's Gemini, Anthropic's Claude 3, and
Microsoft's Copilot have since emerged to challenge ChatGPT, driving further innovation in
the chatbot space.
Applications of AI
Artificial intelligence, a swiftly advancing discipline, possesses the profound capability to reshape
the very fabric of our existence, altering the ways we engage with life, professional pursuits, and
interpersonal connections. This transformative potential is evident in multiple domains, including
healthcare diagnostics, autonomous vehicles, financial modeling, and personalized digital
experiences. As AI's presence continues to burgeon, its intrinsic role in shaping the future grows
increasingly undeniable, heralding a new era of unprecedented possibilities.
Healthcare: AI has made substantial contributions to the healthcare industry, including drug
discovery and personalized treatment. AI systems can analyze immense quantities of
medical data, such as patient records and imaging studies, to aid physicians in the
diagnosis and treatment of diseases.
Finance: Artificial intelligence plays a crucial role in finance by automating processes and
improving decision-making. AI systems can analyze financial data, for instance, to detect
fraud, predict market trends, and optimize investment strategies.
Transportation: AI is used to improve safety and efficacy in transportation. Automobiles that drive
themselves use artificial intelligence to navigate and avoid collisions, while airlines use AI
to maximize flight routes and reduce fuel consumption.
Customer Service: AI is used to improve response timing and accuracy in customer service.
Chatbots and virtual assistants use natural language processing to comprehend and
respond appropriately to consumer inquiries.
With its ability to process immense amounts of data in real-time and learn from it, AI has the
potential to transform numerous facets of our lives and the world.
A C T I V I T Y 5 : P R O M P T E N G I N E E R I N G : O U T P U T F O R M AT T I N G
1. Click NEW TOPIC to the left of the prompt input box.
2. Copilot output can be improved by specifying an output format. Here are a few examples.
a. Specifying by example: List the five largest state capitals. Format the output like
State -> Capital -> Population.
b. Specifying a table format: List the five largest state capitals. Format the output in
a table with the headers “State,” “Capital,” and “Population.”
c. Specifying a Comma Separated Values format: List the five largest state capitals.
Format the output as Comma Separated Values with headers of “State,” “Capital,”
and “Population.”
d. Specifying a narrative format: List the five largest state capitals, including the
state, capital name, and population. Format the output as a narrative with three
paragraphs.
e. Summarization: Create a summary of the major themes for the book To Kill A
Mockingbird.
f. Timeline: Create a timeline to show the main events in the building of the
Brooklyn Bridge.
Ethical Considerations in AI
The extensive usage of artificial intelligence (AI) in our quickly changing society necessitates
serious consideration of its ethical implications. As AI expands into fields such as healthcare,
banking, and self-driving cars, we must pay particular attention to how it affects privacy, bias, and
responsibility. It is critical to strike a balance between the potential benefits of AI, such as
enhanced efficiency and innovation, and the concerns that it may create inequality and restrict
personal freedoms. The following are some of the most important ethical considerations for
artificial intelligence.
• AI systems are only as objective as the data on which they are trained. If the data is biased
or insufficient, the AI system may perpetuate these prejudices.
• Artificial intelligence systems frequently require large amounts of personal data to function
effectively, raising concerns about data collection, storage, and utilization. It is essential to
consider how and who has access to this data.
• AI systems can have severe repercussions if they malfunction or are used maliciously,
particularly for applications such as autonomous vehicles and military drones. It is crucial
to create AI systems with safety features and failsafe capabilities.
• AI has the potential to automate numerous occupations, which could result in substantial
job losses. It is essential to consider the impact on the workforce and implement measures
to mitigate these effects.
• As AI becomes more autonomous, it can be difficult to attribute responsibility when
something goes wrong. It is essential to establish distinct lines of accountability and
responsibility for AI systems.
• AI systems can be complicated and difficult to comprehend. It is crucial to ensure AI
systems are transparent and allow humans to comprehend how decisions are made.
In conclusion, it is essential to approach the development and use of AI with a critical mindset and
to consider the potential ethical ramifications.
A C T I V I T Y 7 : O T H E R A I A P P L I C AT I O N S
1. This class has focused on Copilot, but there are other AI applications that merit
consideration. Some of the items in this activity will be demonstrated rather than
explored in-class since they require a logon account.
a. Perplexity (perplexity.ai). This is a chatbot like Copilot, but no logon account is
needed.
b. Pi (heypi.com). This chatbot claims to have emotional intelligence. Its responses
are a bit more friendly and empathetic.
c. AI Scout (aiscout.net). This is a search site that catalogs more than 1700 AI tools
in many different categories.
d. DiffusionArt (diffusionart.co).
i. There are dozens of text-to-image models available at this site. Most of
the models take a while to generate an image, but for this activity, one of
the faster models is used. Other models can be tested after class to see
which gives the best results.
ii. Click TEXT TO IMAGE in the left menu.
Summary
Artificial intelligence (AI) refers to machines mimicking human intelligence. Pioneered in the 1950s,
AI has advanced tremendously and is used extensively in healthcare, marketing, finance,
transportation, education, customer service, and more. AI tools analyze data, optimize processes,
and automate tasks. The future of AI looks bright but also requires caution.
Appendices
Appendix 1: Use Cases
Here are a few practical AI use cases that can be applied in everyday life.
1. AI-powered language learning apps like Duolingo provide personalized lessons and
feedback to help learners improve language skills.
2. Apps like Mint use AI to analyze spending habits and offer budgeting advice, helping
individuals manage finances more effectively.
3. AI-driven travel apps can suggest destinations, find the best flight and hotel deals, and even
create customized itineraries based on your preferences.
4. AI fitness apps offer workout recommendations, track progress, and provide dietary
suggestions tailored to individual health goals.
5. AI tools can help jobseekers optimize their resumes by analyzing job descriptions and
suggesting improvements.
6. AI-powered email clients like Gmail automatically categorize and prioritize emails, making it
easier to manage your inbox.
7. AI recipe apps can suggest recipes based on ingredients you have and even adjust portions
to match the number of servings you need.
8. Apps like Flipboard use AI to curate news articles based on your interests, ensuring you stay
informed about topics that matter to you.
9. AI-driven mental health apps offer meditation and stress-relief techniques, providing
support for emotional well-being.
10. AI translation apps like Google Translate can be invaluable for communicating in an
unfamiliar language.
11. AI writing tools like Quillbot help improve writing by suggesting grammar and style
enhancements.
12. Smart home AI systems can optimize heating, cooling, and lighting to reduce energy
consumption and lower utility bills.
1. Imagine you're a time-traveling robot from the year 3000. Describe what the world looks like
and how humans will live in the future.
2. You're a talking dog who has just been elected as the mayor of a small town. What would be
your first actions in the office?
3. Create a recipe for a magical potion that grants the drinker a superpower of their choice.
List the ingredients and the steps to make it.
4. You're a sentient AI who has just been given control of a theme park. What unique
attractions would you design to entertain the visitors?
5. Imagine you're a space explorer who has discovered a new planet inhabited by intelligent
alien life. Describe the aliens and their civilization.
6. You're a genie who grants wishes, but with a humorous twist. Give examples of how you
might creatively interpret three common wishes.
7. Pretend you're a Renaissance artist who has been transported to the present day. Describe
your reaction to modern technology and how it might influence your art.
8. You're a talking tree that has witnessed historical events throughout the centuries. Share a
story about a famous event from your unique perspective.
9. Imagine you're a robot stand-up comedian. Write a short comedy routine that would make
both humans and AI laugh.
10. You're a mad scientist who has created a new species of animal by combining features from
different creatures. Describe your creation and its unique abilities.
11. Compose a poem in the style of Shakespeare but set in a dystopian future where robots
have taken over the world.
12. As an AI-powered personal assistant, write a heartfelt love letter on behalf of a shy introvert
who wants to express their feelings to their crush.
13. You're a chatbot aboard a spacecraft heading to a distant galaxy. Engage in a philosophical
debate with the ship's crew about the nature of reality and the existence of extraterrestrial
life.
14. Create a fictional recipe for a dish that combines the most unusual ingredients from
different cuisines around the world. Describe the taste sensations and cultural significance
behind each component.
15. You're an AI language model with the ability to interpret dreams. Analyze a complex and
surreal dream sequence, unraveling its hidden meanings and providing psychological
insights to the dreamer.
1. What are three small habits I can start today that will have a positive impact on my health
and well-being in the long run?
2. Help me create a simple, balanced meal plan for the week ahead, focusing on nutritious
and easy-to-prepare recipes.
3. I want to improve my time management skills. What strategies can I implement to prioritize
tasks, minimize distractions, and boost my productivity?
4. Suggest five simple exercises I can do at home without any equipment to improve my
strength, flexibility, and overall fitness.
5. I'm feeling stressed and overwhelmed. What are some effective relaxation techniques I can
practice daily to reduce stress and promote mental well-being?
6. Help me set three achievable financial goals for the next six months and provide actionable
steps to reach them.
7. I want to cultivate a more positive mindset. What are some daily affirmations or gratitude
practices I can incorporate into my routine?
8. Recommend five books that can help me develop personal growth, leadership skills, or
emotional intelligence.
9. I struggle with procrastination. What are some techniques I can use to overcome this habit
and stay motivated to complete my tasks?
10. Suggest three ways I can foster stronger relationships with my family and friends, even with
a busy schedule.
11. Can you provide tips on maintaining a healthy work-life balance?
12. What are some home organization hacks to maximize space and minimize clutter?
13. How can I improve my sleep quality and establish a consistent sleep routine?
14. What are some strategies for effective communication and resolving conflicts in personal
relationships?
15. Plan an unforgettable weekend getaway in Tucson, AZ! Outline a 2-day itinerary that
includes must-visit attractions, dining experiences, and activities that showcase the city's
unique culture and entertainment options.
1. I need to write a research paper on [topic]. Can you help me find reliable sources and
suggest an outline for the paper?
2. I'm struggling to understand [concept] from my [subject] class. Can you explain it to me in
simpler terms and provide some examples?
3. I want to improve my study habits and prepare effectively for exams. What are some proven
study techniques and strategies I can use?
4. I'm considering [major/career path] but I'm not sure if it's the right fit for me. Can you
provide information on the skills, qualifications, and job prospects in this field?
5. I need to create a presentation for my [subject] class. Can you help me design an engaging
slideshow and provide tips for delivering an effective presentation?
6. I'm feeling overwhelmed with my course load and extracurricular activities. Help me create
a balanced schedule and provide tips for managing stress.
7. I want to get involved in campus activities and clubs. Can you suggest some organizations
or events that align with my interests and goals?
8. I'm preparing for a job interview in [industry/field]. Can you provide some common interview
questions and help me practice my responses?
9. I need to write a cover letter for a [job/internship] application. Can you help me highlight my
relevant skills and experiences and tailor the letter to the position?
10. I'm considering studying abroad next semester. Can you provide information on the
application process, scholarships, and how to prepare for living in another country?
11. Can you help me brainstorm ideas for my research paper on climate change and its impact
on coastal regions?
12. What are some effective study strategies for improving concentration and retaining
information while studying for exams?
13. I'm feeling overwhelmed and stressed. Can you suggest some practical self-care
techniques to help me relax and manage my mental well-being during challenging times?
14. I'm writing a research paper on artificial intelligence in healthcare. Can you help me find
recent and relevant articles, studies, and statistics to support my arguments?
15. I'm struggling to improve my writing skills for academic essays. Can you give me tips on
structuring essays effectively and avoiding common writing mistakes?
1. A steam-powered giraffe wearing a top hat and monocle, walking through a bustling
Victorian-era cityscape at sunset.
2. An underwater ballet performed by bioluminescent jellyfish, with coral reefs as the stage
and a mermaid conductor orchestrating the scene.
3. A cosmic dragon made of swirling galaxies and nebulae, breathing life into a barren planet
with stardust breath.
4. A time-traveler's pocket watch that opens a portal to a lush, overgrown post-apocalyptic
world where nature has reclaimed abandoned skyscrapers.
5. A surreal chessboard where the pieces are replaced by mythical creatures, battling on a
floating platform in a void of vibrant fractals.
6. An ancient, mystical library where books fly like birds, and the shelves are made of twisting,
glowing tree roots that pulse with knowledge.
7. A robotic hummingbird sipping nectar from a mechanical flower in a garden of cogs,
springs, and brass gears.
8. A child's dream bedroom where the toys come alive at night, creating a whimsical
adventure land filled with candy forests and talking stuffed animals.
9. A haunted, abandoned amusement park where the rides are possessed by ghostly figures,
and the carnival lights flicker eerily in the fog.
10. A parallel universe where humans have evolved to harness the power of the elements, with
air-walkers, fire-dancers, earth-shapers, and water-weavers coexisting in harmony.
11. A garden where flowers bloom in vibrant colors, but instead of petals, they have delicate,
translucent wings that flutter in the wind.
12. A cityscape at night, where the buildings are covered in luminescent vines that glow in
different hues, casting an ethereal glow over the entire city.
13. A vast, barren desert where the dunes are made of fine, reflective particles that shimmer
like liquid metal, constantly changing hues.
14. A mountaintop covered in a carpet of vibrant, bioluminescent moss that emits a radiant
glow that transforms the mountain into a beacon of light.
15. A frozen lake in the heart of winter, where the ice is not transparent but instead takes on the
appearance of a giant, intricately patterned stained-glass window.