02/12/2024 17:11 ORACLE-BASE - Oracle Database 21c Installation On Fedora 41 (F41)

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Oracle Database 21c Installation On Fedora 41 (F41)

Do not install Oracle on Fedora before reading this!

This article describes the installation of Oracle Database 21c 64-bit on Fedora 41 (F41) 64-bit. The
article is based on a server installation with a minimum of 2G swap and secure Linux set to
permissive. An example of this type of Linux installation can be seen here.

Download Software
Hosts File
Set Kernel Parameters
Setup
Installation
Database Creation
Post Installation

Related articles.

Oracle Universal Installations (OUI) Silent Installations

Database Configuration Assistant (DBCA) : Creating Databases in Silent Mode

Download Software
Download the Oracle software from OTN or MOS depending on your support status.

OTN: Oracle Database 21c (21.3) Software (64-bit).

edelivery: Oracle Database 21c (21.3) Software (64-bit)

Hosts File
The "/etc/hosts" file must contain a fully qualified name for the server.

<IP-address> <fully-qualified-machine-name> <machine-name>

For example.

127.0.0.1 localhost localhost.localdomain localhost4 localhost4.localdomain4

192.168.56.141 fedora41.localdomain fedora41

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Set the correct hostname in the "/etc/hostname" file.

fedora41.localdomain

Set Kernel Parameters

Add the following lines to the "/etc/sysctl.conf" file, or in a file called "/etc/sysctl.d/98-oracle.conf".

fs.file-max = 6815744
kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128
kernel.shmmni = 4096
kernel.shmall = 1073741824
kernel.shmmax = 4398046511104
kernel.panic_on_oops = 1
net.core.rmem_default = 262144
net.core.rmem_max = 4194304
net.core.wmem_default = 262144
net.core.wmem_max = 1048576
net.ipv4.conf.all.rp_filter = 2
net.ipv4.conf.default.rp_filter = 2
fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500

Run one of the following commands to change the current kernel parameters, depending on
which file you edited.

/sbin/sysctl -p
# Or
/sbin/sysctl -p /etc/sysctl.d/98-oracle.conf

Add the following lines to a file called "/etc/security/limits.d/oracle-database-server-21c-

preinstall.conf" file.

oracle soft nofile 1024

oracle hard nofile 65536
oracle soft nproc 16384
oracle hard nproc 16384
oracle soft stack 10240
oracle hard stack 32868
oracle hard memlock 134217728
oracle soft memlock 134217728
oracle soft data unlimited
oracle hard data unlimited

Stop and disable the firewall. You can configure it later if you wish.

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# systemctl stop firewalld

# systemctl disable firewalld

Set SELinux to permissive persistently by editing the "/etc/selinux/config" file, making sure the
SELINUX flag is set as follows.

SELINUX=permissive

Set SELinux to permissive in memory.

setenforce permissive

Setup
The following packages are listed as required. Some are commented out as they are not present in
the Fedora repository.

dnf install -y bc
dnf install -y binutils
dnf install -y compat-openssl10
dnf install -y elfutils-libelf
dnf install -y glibc
dnf install -y glibc-devel
dnf install -y ksh
dnf install -y libaio
dnf install -y libXrender
dnf install -y libX11
dnf install -y libXau
dnf install -y libXi
dnf install -y libXtst
dnf install -y libgcc
dnf install -y libnsl
dnf install -y libstdc++
dnf install -y libxcb
dnf install -y libibverbs
dnf install -y make
dnf install -y policycoreutils
dnf install -y policycoreutils-python-utils
dnf install -y smartmontools
dnf install -y sysstat

# Added by me.
yum install -y unixODBC

# compat-libpthread-nonshared.
dnf install -y libnsl2
dnf install -y libnsl2.i686
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dnf install -y libxcrypt-compat

dnf install -y https://rpmfind.net/linux/fedora/linux/development/rawhide/Everything/x86_

#dnf update -y

Create the new groups and users.

groupadd -g 54321 oinstall

groupadd -g 54322 dba
groupadd -g 54323 oper
#groupadd -g 54324 backupdba
#groupadd -g 54325 dgdba
#groupadd -g 54326 kmdba
#groupadd -g 54328 asmdba
#groupadd -g 54328 asmoper
#groupadd -g 54329 asmadmin

useradd -u 54321 -g oinstall -G dba,oper oracle

passwd oracle

We are not going to use the extra groups, but include them if you do plan on using them.

Create the directories in which the Oracle software will be installed.

mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/product/21.0.0/dbhome_1
mkdir -p /u02/oradata
chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01 /u02
chmod -R 775 /u01 /u02

Putting mount points directly under root without mounting separate disks to them is
typically a bad idea. It's done here for simplicity, but for a real installation "/" storage should
be reserved for the OS.

If you are using X Emulation, login as root and issue the following command.

xhost +<machine-name>

You will need to add the following symbolic links or the Oracle Universal Installer (OUI) will not
start.

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# Fix for Oracle on Fedora.

rm -f /usr/lib64/libnsl.so.1
rm -f /usr/lib/libnsl.so.1
ln -s /usr/lib64/libnsl.so.3.0.0 /usr/lib64/libnsl.so.1
ln -s /usr/lib/libnsl.so.3.0.0 /usr/lib/libnsl.so.1

Set up the environment for the "oracle" user. The "$" characters are escaped using "\". If you are
not creating the file with the cat command, you will need to remove the escape characters.

mkdir -p /home/oracle/scripts

cat > /home/oracle/scripts/setEnv.sh <<EOF

# Oracle Settings
export TMP=/tmp
export TMPDIR=\$TMP

export ORACLE_HOSTNAME=fedora41.localdomain
export ORACLE_UNQNAME=cdb1
export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle
export ORACLE_HOME=\$ORACLE_BASE/product/21.0.0/dbhome_1
export ORA_INVENTORY=/u01/app/oraInvenotry
export ORACLE_SID=cdb1
export PDB_NAME=pdb1
export DATA_DIR=/u02/oradata

export PATH=/usr/sbin:/usr/local/bin:\$PATH
export PATH=\$ORACLE_HOME/bin:\$PATH

export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=\$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/lib:/usr/lib
export CLASSPATH=\$ORACLE_HOME/jlib:\$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/jlib
EOF

echo ". /home/oracle/scripts/setEnv.sh" >> /home/oracle/.bash_profile

chown -R oracle:oinstall /home/oracle/scripts

Comment out the egrep warning message which kills DBCA.

sed -i -e "s|echo|#echo|g" /usr/bin/egrep

Installation
Log into the oracle user. If you are using X emulation then set the DISPLAY environmental
variable.

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DISPLAY=<machine-name>:0.0; export DISPLAY

Perform a software-only installation either using interactive mode (GUI) or silent mode and run the
root scripts when prompted. Notice the setting of the CV_ASSUME_DISTID environment variable, so
fake the OS.

# Unzip software.
cd $ORACLE_HOME
unzip -oq /path/to/software/LINUX.X64_193000_db_home.zip

# Fix for linking error suggested by Steven Kennedy.

cd $ORACLE_HOME/lib/stubs
mv libc.so libc.so.hide
mv libc.so.6 libc.so.6.hide

# Fake OS.
export CV_ASSUME_DISTID=OEL7.9

# Interactive mode.
#./runInstaller

# Silent mode.
./runInstaller -ignorePrereq -waitforcompletion -silent \
-responseFile ${ORACLE_HOME}/install/response/db_install.rsp \
oracle.install.option=INSTALL_DB_SWONLY \
ORACLE_HOSTNAME=${ORACLE_HOSTNAME} \
UNIX_GROUP_NAME=oinstall \
INVENTORY_LOCATION=${ORA_INVENTORY} \
SELECTED_LANGUAGES=en,en_GB \
ORACLE_HOME=${ORACLE_HOME} \
ORACLE_BASE=${ORACLE_BASE} \
oracle.install.db.InstallEdition=EE \
oracle.install.db.OSDBA_GROUP=dba \
oracle.install.db.OSBACKUPDBA_GROUP=dba \
oracle.install.db.OSDGDBA_GROUP=dba \
oracle.install.db.OSKMDBA_GROUP=dba \
oracle.install.db.OSRACDBA_GROUP=dba \
SECURITY_UPDATES_VIA_MYORACLESUPPORT=false \
DECLINE_SECURITY_UPDATES=true

Run the root scripts when prompted.

As a root user, execute the following script(s):

1. /u01/app/oraInvenotry/orainstRoot.sh
2. /u01/app/oracle/product/21.0.0/dbhome_1/root.sh

You can read more about silent installations here.

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You are now ready to create a database.

Database Creation
You create a database using the Database Configuration Assistant (DBCA). The interactive mode
will display GUI screens to allow user input, while the silent mode will create the database without
displaying any screens, as all required options are already specified on the command line.

# Start the listener.

lsnrctl start

# Interactive mode.
# dbca

# Silent mode.
dbca -silent -createDatabase \
-templateName General_Purpose.dbc \
-gdbname ${ORACLE_SID} -sid ${ORACLE_SID} -responseFile NO_VALUE \
-characterSet AL32UTF8 \
-sysPassword SysPassword1 \
-systemPassword SysPassword1 \
-createAsContainerDatabase true \
-numberOfPDBs 1 \
-pdbName ${PDB_NAME} \
-pdbAdminPassword PdbPassword1 \
-databaseType MULTIPURPOSE \
-memoryMgmtType auto_sga \
-totalMemory 2000 \
-storageType FS \
-datafileDestination "${DATA_DIR}" \
-redoLogFileSize 50 \
-emConfiguration NONE \
-ignorePreReqs

You can read more about silent database creation here.

Post Installation
Edit the "/etc/oratab" file setting the restart flag for each instance to 'Y'.

cdb1:/u01/app/oracle/product/21.0.0/dbhome_1:Y

For more information see:

Oracle Database 21c : Installation Guide for Linux

Automating Database Startup and Shutdown on Linux
Oracle Universal Installations (OUI) Silent Installations
Database Configuration Assistant (DBCA) : Creating Databases in Silent Mode
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Hope this helps. Regards Tim...

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Created: 2024-11-15 Updated: 2024-11-15

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