ish¨ u ysñlï weúßKs

All Rights Reserved

w'fmd'i' ^Wiia fm<& Wmldrl m%Yak m;%h - 2024

General Certificate Advanced Level Model Paper - 2024
fY%aKsh úIhh ridhk úoHdj m;%h meh
Grade } 13 Subject } CHEMESTRY Paper }I Hours } 02
1. Consider the following discoveries about atomic structure.
I) Discovery of the nucleus of the atom
II) Photons are released from heated metal surfaces.
III) The energy of degenerated orbitals is minimum when the number of electrons with
equal spin is maximum.
The scientists who made the above discoveries respectively,
1) Rutherford, Albert Einstein, Hunds 2) Rutherford, Max Planck, Hunds
3) Rutherford, De Broglie, Pauli 4) Niels Bohr, Max Planck, Rutherford
5) Niels Bohr, Albert Einstein, Pauli

2. The number of resonance structures that can be drawn for N2O molecule.
(The skeleton is N-
N- O)
1) 2 2) 3 3) 4 4) 5 5) 6

3. A one mol of A2 gas was completely broken down into gaseous atoms by a type of
electromagnetic wave. What is the wave length of that electromagnetic wave? At the relevant
temperature, the bond dissociation enthalpy is 432 kJ mol-1.
1) 270 nm 2) 277 nm 3) 280 nm 4) 292 nm 5) 4.6 x 10-22 nm

4. Which of the following molecules and ions have the same electron pair geometry around the
central atom?
1) POCl3, SO3, NH4+ 2) H2O, SOCl2, SO3 3) SF4, NH3, CO32-
-
4) XeF , CH , ClO -
4 4 3 5) ClO4 , H2O, NH4+

O OH O
5. H-
C-
CH = C -
CH2 -
C-
NH2

The IUPAC name of the above compound is,

1) 4 - Carbamoyl-3-hydroxy-2-butenal 2) 5-Cabomyl-3-hydroxy-2-pentenal
3) 4-formyl - 3 - hydroxy-3-butenamide 4) 3-hydroxy -5-oxo-3-penteneamide
5) 3-hydroxy-5-oxo-3-pentenamide
6. The concentration of an aqueous solution of Pb (NO3)2 at temperature T is 4 mol dm-3 . An
excess mass of solid PbBr2 is added to this solution and mixed well and allowed to reach
equilibrium. Then the concentration of Br - was found to be 4.0 x 10-3 mol dm-3 . What is the
Ksp value of PbBr2 at that temperature.
1) 0.016 mol3 dm-9 2) 0.16 mol3 dm-9 3) 6.4 x 10-6 mol3 dm-9
4) 6.4 x 10-5 mol3 dm-9 5) 8 x 10-6 mol3 dm-9

7. Which of the following statement is true?

1) The all metal carbonate of the Group I can't be heated to its oxide.
2) The aqueous solution of any metal ion in the Group II, may be precipitated into their sulphates
by adding dilute sulfuric acid.
3) Group II elements have higher melting points than Group I elements.
4) The elements in S and P block never form compounds of any colour other than white.
5) All stable ions from the representive elements in S and P blocks, must have the valence
electron configuration of inert gas.

8. The correct order of increasing electro negativity of carbon atom in compounds of CO2 , HCN,
CH3 OH, HCHO and CCl4 .
1) CO2 < HCN < HCHO < CH3 OH < CCl4 2) HCN < CO2 < HCHO < CH3 OH < CCl4
3) CCl4 < CH3 OH < HCN < HCHO < CO2 4) CH3 OH < CCl4 < HCHO < HCN < CO2
5) HCN < CO2 < CH3 OH < HCHO < CCl4

9. Which is the correct step in the reaction between ethane and bromine?
H
1) H H d + d- (+) H (-)
: :
: :

C=C : Br - Br : H -
C- C + : Br
H H H
H

H
H H d + d- H (-)
: :

: :

2)
: :

C=C : Br - Br : C- C-H + : Br :
H H H
Br
(+)

H H d + d- (-) (+)
3) C=C Br - Br CH2 -
CH2 + Br
H H
Br

H H d
+ d - +
: :

: :

: Br : +
: :

4) C=C : Br- Br : CH2 -

CH2 +
H H
Br

H H d+ d - H H
: :

: :

5) C=C : Br -
Br : C- C + Br +
H H Br H
H
(+)
-02-
10. Consider the following reaction
2XY4(g) 2XY2(g) + 2Y2(g)
The rate constant of the above reaction is 6.93 x 10-3 s-1, at the temperature T. Which statement is
false regarding the above reaction.
1) The above reaction cannot occur in a single step.
2) The time taken for half of the initial concentration XY4 is 100 s.
3) When the initial concentration of XY4 is half, the rate of reaction also becomes half of the
initial rate.
4) The data given are not sufficient to determine the order of the reaction related to XY4(g)
5) More than one activated complex is formed during the above reaction.

11. A saturated solution was prepared by dissolving a certain gas in water. When a portion of that
solution is added to aqueous AgNO3 , a white precipitate is obtained. When a strip of Mg was
added to another portion of that solution, a colorless gas was released. In above reaction series,
gas dissolved in water and gas released with Mg respectively,
1) CO2 , Cl2 2) Cl2 , CO2 3) Cl2 , H2 4) Br2 , H2 5) Cl2 , HCl

12. 50 cm3 of 0.01 mol dm-3 NaOH solution was added to a 50 cm3 of 0.11 mol dm-3 weak acid
called HA. The pH of the final solution is 'a' and the dissociation constant of HA is Ka
What is the Pka of HA?
1) a - 1 2) a + 1 3) a + 1 4) a + 10 5) a - 10
10

13. The organic compound P is insoluble in Na2 CO3 but soluble in KOH. P gives a precipitate with
Bready's reagent and reduce the Tollens' reagent. P could be?
COCH3 O
1) HO COCH3 2) 3) CH3 C C(CH3 )3
COOH

COOH
4) CHO 5)
HO CHO

14. What is the volume of HCl required to neutralise 25.0 cm3 of 1.0 mol dm3 NaOH solution, if the
assay of HCl is 38% (w/w) and density is 1.2 g cm-3 ? (H = 1, Cl = 35.5)
1) 20.0 cm3 2) 10.0 cm3 3) 8.0 cm3 4) 2.5 cm3 5) 2.0 cm3

15. At what temperature the mean speed of an ideal gas is increased by 50% than the initial speed?
1) 900 oC 2) 290 oC 3) 254 oC 4) 627 oC 5) 650 oC

-03-
16. A2(g) + 3B2(g) 2AB3(g)
Consider the above gaseous equilibrium. At constant volume and Temperature The concentration
of B2(g) in this system was instantly doubled. When the system is re-equilibrate, what change has
occured in the system compared to the previous equilibrium?
1) The concentrations of both B2(g) and A2(g) decreases while the concentration of AB3(g)
increase.
2) The concentrations of B2(g) and AB3(g) increase while the concentration of A2(g) decreases.
3) The concentration of AB3(g) decreases while the concentrations of A2(g) and B2(g) increases.
4) The concentration of A2(g) and B2(g) are remain unchanged while the concentration of AB3(g)
increased.
5) The equilibrium constant is required to express the concentrations of A2(g) , B2(g) and AB3(g) .

17. Which of the following mixtures act as a buffer solution?

1) 0.1 mol dm-3 HClO4 50 cm3 + 0.05 mol dm-3 KOH 100 cm3
2) 0.1 mol dm-3 CH3COOH 50 cm3 + 0.1 mol dm-3 NaOH 50 cm3
3) 0.2 mol dm-3 HCl 50 cm3 + 0.2 mol dm-3 NaOH 50 cm3
4) 0.1 mol dm-3 NH3 50 cm3 + 0.1 mol dm-3 HCl 50 cm3
5) 0.2 mol dm-3 NH3 50 cm3 + 0.1 mol dm-3 HCl 50 cm3

18. O3(g) + O(g) 2O2(g) consider this reaction. The activation energy of the reverse
reaction is 410 kJ mol-1 and the enthalpy change is -390 kJ mol-1 What is the activation energy of
the forward reaction?
1) 20 kJ mol-1 2) 410 kJ mol-1 3) 800 kJ mol-1 4) 40 kJ mol-1 5) 205 kJ mol-1

19. Consider the below reaction. A(s) + B(g) 2C(g)

The standard enthalpy change of this reaction is + 30 kJ mol-1 and the standard entropy change is
+50 J K-1 mol-1. This reaction,
1) The reaction is spontaneous at all temperatures
2) The reaction is not spontaneous at any temperature.
3) The reaction is spontaneous at temperature below 600 K.
4) The reaction is spontaneous at temperature above 600 K.
5) The reaction is spontaneous at 298 K.

20. An organic compound has the following properties.

a) It decolorizes the bromine liquid, in CCl4 .
b) It forms a compound with C = C, two double bonds when heated with alcoholic KOH.
c) It forms a compound that containing two alcoholic OH groups when heated with an
alkaline solution.
The structural formula of that organic compound can be,
1) ClCH2 CH2 CH = CHCOOH 2) ClCH2 CH2 CH = CHCH2 OH
3) BrCH2 CH2 CH2 COCl 4) HO - CH2 CH = CHCH2 CH2 OH
5) CH2 = CHCH = CH-CHCl2

-04-
21. 2NO2(g) + 1/2 O2(g) N2O5(g)
If the equilibrium constant of above reaction is Ka What is the equilibrium constant of the below
reaction.
2N2 O5(g) 4NO2(g) + O2(g)
1) K a2
2) 2 3) 1 4) 1 5) 2
Ka 2 Ka Ka
Ka
22. Which of the following statement is false?
1) At a temperature above 10oC Aniline reacts with HNO2 and releases N2 gas
2) Metanitrotoluene can be obtained by reacting nitrobenzene, with anhydrous AlCl3 and CHCl3.
3) The Grignard reagent can be act as a nucleophile as well as a base.
4) 2-butanol has a higher water solubility than 1 - butanol.
5) The boiling point of propanol is higher than the boiling point of ethanal.

23. Consider the below reaction

M2O(s) 2M(s) + 1/2 O2(g)
The Standard entropy changed and the Gibbs free energy changed for the above reaction at 300 K
are +52.4 J K-1 mol-1 and -245 kJ mol-1 respectively.
Calculate the Gibbs free energy change at 600 K (kJ mol-1)
1) -245 2) 229.28 3) -229.28 4) -260.72 5) +260.72

24. A certain amount of Ne gas was in a rigid vessel under 8 x 10 5 Pa at 310 K. What would be the
final pressure of the vessel when the same amount of He gas was inserted to the vessel under the
same temperature.
1) 6 x 10 5 Pa 2) 16 x 10 5 Pa 3) 26 x 10 5 Pa 4) 13 x 10 5 Pa 5) 39 x 10 5 Pa

25. The rate equation can be expressed as R = K [A(aq)] [B(aq)] for the below reaction.
A(aq) + B(aq) C(aq)
Which graph is correct with respect to each reactant.
(Note that ; the reagent other than the one shown in the graph is maintained at very high
concentrations at that time)
Rate [A]
[A]

time [A] time

1) 2) 3)
[B] [B]

time time
4) 5)
-05-
26. Which one can not be a product, in the a mixture of CH3CH2COCH3 and C6H5CHO react with
aqueous NaOH.
OH O OH O
1) CH3CH2-
C-
CH -
C-
CH3 2) CH3CH2-
C-
CH2 -
C-
CH2 -
CH3
CH3 CH3 CH3

OH O OH O

3) C6H5 -
CH -
CH -
C-
CH3 4) C6H5 -
CH -
CH2 CH2 -
C-
CH3
CH3
OH O

5) C6H5 -
CH -
CH2 -
C-
CH2 CH3

(-)
27. The decreasing order of strength of basicity in OH (-), C6H5O (-), H - C º
C (-) and CH3 -
CH2 is,
(-) (-) (-)
1) CH3CH2 > H - Cº C > OH > C6H5O (-)
(-) (-) (-)
2) CH3CH2 > OH > C6H5O (-) > H - Cº C
(-) (-) (-)
3) H - Cº C > CH3CH2 > C6H5O (-) > OH
(-) (-) (-) (-)
4) CH3CH2 > C6H5O > H- Cº C > OH
(-) (-) (-) (-)
5) H - Cº C > OH > C6H5O > CH3CH2

28. Which one of the following is with the standard IUPAC notation.
1) Cu(s) | Cu2+(aq, 1mol dm-3) || Zn2+(aq, 1mol dm-3) | Zn(s)
-
2) Ag(s) | AgCl(s) | Cl (aq, 1mol dm-3) | Hg2Cl2(s) | Hg(l) | Pt(s)
-
3) Pt(s) | Hg(l) | Hg2Cl2(s) | Hg2Cl2(s) | Cl (aq, 1mol dm-3) | AgCl(s) | Ag(s)
4) Fe(s) | Fe2+(aq, 1mol dm-3) Al3+(aq, 1mol dm-3) | Al(s)
5) Pt(s) | H2(g) | H+(aq, 1mol dm-3) || Mg+(aq,
2 -3
1mol dm ) | Mg(s)

29. The 8.5 g of solid NaNO3 and 5.4 g of Al were dissolved in an excess volume of NaOH solution
and heated. What is volume of 2 mol dm-3 HCl required to react with gas released completely.
1) 75 cm3 2) 7.5 cm3 3) 3.75 cm3 4) 5.5 cm3 5) 37.5 cm3

30. HIn is a weak acidic indicator having a theoretical pH range of 4.5 - 6.5 Which of the following is
true regarding this aqueous solution at constant temperature?
1) The PKIn value of the above indicator is 4.
2) [In -] / [HIn] = 3.16 x 10-2 at pH = 4.
3) [In - ] > [HIn] at pH = 4. 4) [In -] / [HIn] = 3.16 x 10-2 at pH = 8.
5) HIn is a suitable indicator for the titration between 1 x 10-4 mol HCl solution and NaOH
solution having same concentration.
-06-
v
For each of the questions 31 to 40, one or more responses out of the four responses (a), (b), (c) and
(d) given is / are correct. Select the correct response / responses. In accordance with the
instructions given on your answer sheet, mark.
1) If only (a) and (b) are correct 2) If only (b) and (c) are correct
3) If only (c) and (d) are correct 4) If only (d) and (a) are correct
5) If any number of combination of responses is correct

(1) (2) (3) (4) (5)

only only only only any other number of
(a) and (b) (b) and (c) (c) and (d) (d) and (a) combination of
are correct are correct are correct are correct responses is correct
31. A2- is an anion that can be act as a weak diacidic base. 25.00 cm3 of 0.1 mol dm-3 K2 A is titrated
o
with 0.2 mol dm-3 HCl in the presence of methyl orange, at 25 C. The correct statement /
statements regarding the above titration is / are
Kb(A2- ) = 1 x 10-7 mol dm-3, Kb(HA- ) = 1 x 10-11 mol dm-3,
Kw = 1 x 10-14 mol2 dm-6,
a) The pH value of first equivalent point is determined by hydrolysis of A2- .
b) The pH value of first equivalent point is determined by H2A.
c) The pH value of second equivalent point is about 2.15.
d) The reaction related to the second equivalent point is HA-(aq) + H2 O(l) H2 A(aq) + OH-(aq)

32. Which of following statement / statements is/ are true about alkynes?
a) All alkynes give a silver mirror with the Tollens' reagent.
b) In all alkynes four atoms lie in the same line.
c) In hydration of alkynes, only ethyne gives aldehyde.
d) Electrophilic substitutions are characteristic for all alkynes

33. At 300 K, the saturated vapor pressure of C2 H5 OC2 H5 is 5.0 x 104 Pa. When 5g of compound X
was dissolved in 74 g of C2 H5 OC2 H5 , the pressure of C2 H5 OC2 H5 was 4.5 x 104 Pa.
What would be the correct statement/ statements if the system is in a closed container at constant
temperature.
a) The relative lowering of vapor pressure in mixture is 0.1.
b) The relative lowering of vapor pressure in mixture is 0.5 x 104 Pa.
c) The relative atomic mass of X is 83.
d) The relative atomic mass of X is 45.

34. According to the following reaction series what would be the correct observation/ s with respect
to A, B and X?

+ H2 O2 / OH- H+ / KCl
I) Cr3(aq) A B
H+ / SO 2
II) B X

-07-
 a) A is a yellow solution and B is an orange precipitate
b) B is an orange solution and X is a green solution
c) A is a yellow solution and B is an orange solution.
d) A is a yellow solution and X is a purple solution

35. In which of the following reaction / reactions ethanol is formed as a product?

NaOH(aq) NaNO2 / HCl
a) CH3 CH2 CH2 COOCH2 CH3 D b) CH 3 CH2 -NH 2
0 - 5 oC
conc. H2 SO4 NaBH4 / methanol
c) CH2 = CH2 d) CH3 COOH

36. The correct statement / statements regarding the hydrolysis of inorganic compounds,
a) Hydrolysis of SCl2 is a disproportionative reaction
b) The alkaline solution was obtained from the hydrolysis of AlCl3 .
c) CCl4 can be easily hydrolyzed due to the covalent character.
d) SbCl3 is partially hydrolyzed due to its relatively high ionic character.

37. Which is / are the correct statement / statements related to environmental pollution.
a) H2 S and SO2 are considered as green house gases as they absorb IR radiation.
b) O2 and Cl2 molecules are generated after the breakdown of O3 molecules by Cl free radical.
c) Photochemical smog will be a reason to reduce the strength of rubber related products.
d) Considering the temporary hardness of water the total concentration of Ca2 + and Mg2 + would
-
be greater than the concentration of CO32- and HCO3

38. At 25 oC Solubility product [Ksp] of MCl(s) is 1 x 10-15 mol2 dm-6 and the equilibrium constant
(K ) of below reaction is 1 x 1010 mol2 dm-6 at the same temperature.
1
K1
MCl(s) + 3Cl-(aq) [MCl4 ]3 -(aq)
[Green] [Blue]
Which of the following statement / statements is / are true regarding the following reaction
at 25 o C
M+(aq) + 4Cl-(aq) [MCl4 ]3 -(aq)

a) The equilibrium constant of the reaction is 10-25 mol-4 dm12.

b) The equilibrium constant of the reaction is 1025 mol-4 dm12.
c) Concentration of M3 + ions in the solution will be decreased when adding a small volume of
HCl solution.
d) The intensity of blue colour will be increased when adding some MCl(s) .

39. The incorrect statement / statements regarding the extraction of essential oil
a) The main component of cinnamon bark oil is Cinnamaldehyde.
b) Eugenol is the main component of citrus oil.
c) The principle of fractional distillation is used in the extraction of essential oils.
d) Essential oils are water soluble, volatile compounds.
-08-
40. Which of the following statement / statements is correct?
a) There are no forces of attraction between heterogeneous molecules in immiscible liquid
system.
b) The enthalpy change of a binary liquid mixture that exhibits a negative deviation from
Raoult's law is endothermic.
P oA - PA
c) = XA is valid for the ideal binary liquid mixture that consist of A & B.
P oA

d) The mole fraction of A in the vapor phase of the binary liquid mixture in (c) above is equal to
Y = Po X / ( Po X + Po - Po X )
A A A A A B B A

v
In question number 41 to 50 two statements are given in respect of each question. From the Table
given below, select the response, out of the responses (1), (2), (3), (4) and (5) that best fits the
two statements and mark appropriately on your answer sheet.

Response First Statement Second statement

(1) True True, and correctly explains the First Statement
(2) True True, but does not explain the first statement
(3) True False
(4) False True
(5) False False

First Statement Second Statement

41. As go down the group 2, the melting points As go down the group 2, the cationic radii of the
of elements are increased. metals are increased.

42. COOCH3 The reactant is subjected to both reduction and

Zn/Hg
X hydrolysis.
con.HCl
CHO COOCH3

Here X can be
CH 3
P1 V1 PV
43. The = 2 2 The combine gas law can only be applied to
T1 T2
relation cannot be applied to two systems systems with constant mass.
containing 16 g and 32 g of O2 gas.

44. The atomic radius decreases gradually The repulsion between electrons in the last
from Sc to Ni in the 3d period. elements of the 3d period is greater than the
nuclear attraction.
+
NH3 Cl -
45. The reacts with aqueous Ammonium salts reacts with aqueous NaOH and
NaOH and release a alkaline releases NH3 gas.
gas

-09-
 First Statement Second Statement

46. The electrode potential of a standard Sometimes there are cases where the equilibrium
electrode cannot be measured absolutely electrode reaction is not a redox reaction.

47. The relative molecular mass of an additive Small molecules are not removed during
polymer is equal to the sum of the masses of addition polymerization.
all the monomers.

48. When mixing the two liquids called A and B The distribution coefficients are applicable only
attraction forces are formed between to ideal solutions.
heterogeneous molecules. The relation of
[X] A
KD = can be applied to this system
[X]B
for the concentrations of
compound X dissolve in both liquids.

49. In biodiesel production, vegetable oil is Saponification is minimized by reducing the

passed through a "Fuller's earth" and amount of free fatty acids in vegetable oils.
purified.

50. When the dissolved O2 level in the water The titration between I2 and S2 O32- is used to
drops below 5 ppm, aquatic organisms can determine the composition of water soluble O2 .
become stressed.

-10-
ish¨ u ysñlï weúßKs
All Rights Reserved

w'fmd'i' ^Wiia fm<& Wmldrl m%Yak m;%h - 2024

General Certificate Advanced Level Model Paper - 2024
fY%aKsh úIhh ridhk úoHdj m;%h meh
Grade } 13 Subject } CHEMESTRY Paper } II Hours } 03
Part A - Structured Essay
sAnswer all the questions on the question paper itself.
sWrite your answer in the space provided for each question. Please note that the space provided is
sufficient for the answer and that extensive answers are not expected.

Part B and Part C

sAnswer four questions selecting two questions from each part.
sAt the end of the time allotted for this paper, tie the answers to the three parts A, B and C together
so that part A is on top and hand over them.
sYour are permitted to remove only part B and C of the question paper from the Examination Hall.

Universal Gas Constant R = 8.314 J K-1 mol-1

Avogadro Constant NA = 6.022 x 1023 mol-1
Planck's Constant h = 6.626 x 10-34 Js
Velocity of light c = 3 x 108 ms-1

For Examiner's Use only

Part II
Question Marks
Part
No.
1
2
A
3
4
5 Final Marks
B
6 In Number
7 In Letters
8
C 9
10
Signature
Total
Examiner
%

-01-
 Part - A
1. a) Indicate on the dotted lines whether the following statements are true or false.
i) Sulfurous acid (H2SO3), all S- O bonds are equal in length ..........................................
ii) By laws relating the polarizing power of cations and the polarizability of anions, predict
that the melting point of NaI is higher than the melting point of KCl.
......................................
iii) The effective nuclear charge felt by a valence electron of N is less than the effective
nuclear charge felt by a valence electron of O. ..................................................
iv) Carbon atom of CHCl3 is more electronegative than carbon atom of CHF3 .....................
v) Among the elements in the second period of the periodic table element Nitrogen (N)
shows the highest oxidation number. ...............................................

b) The template of peroxymethylnitrate molecule is shown below.

H O
H-
C-
O-
O-
N-
O
H
i) Draw the most acceptable Lewis structure for the above molecule.
.........................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................

ii) Draw three more lewis structures apart from the lewis structure you mentioned in (i)
above. (a) state the relative. Stabilies of those structures.
.........................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................
iii) State the following regarding the C, S and N atoms of the Lewis structure given below
and complete the table.
1) VSEPR pairs around the atom
2) Electron pair geometry around the atom
3) Shape around the atom
4) Hybridization of the atom
 Atoms of the molecule are numbered as follows
H H O

..
..
H
..
H-
C=C-S-N- C-H
1 2 3 4 5
O H H

..
..
C2 S3 N4 C5
VSEPR Pairs
Electron pair geometry
Shape
Hybridization

iv) Identify the atomic orbitals participating in the formation of the following bonds given in
(iii)
I) H-
C2 H .............................. C2 ....................................
II) O-
S3 O .............................. S3 ....................................
III) C2 -
S3 C2 .............................. S3 ....................................
IV) N4 -
S3 N4 .............................. S3 ....................................
V) N4 -
C5 N4 .............................. C5 ....................................
VI) C5 -
H C2 .............................. H ....................................

v) Identify the atomic orbitals which are involved in the formation of p

bond of the lewis
structure given in part (iii).
I) C1 -
C2 C1 .............................. C1 ....................................
II) S3 -
O S3 .............................. O ....................................

c) Arrange the chemical species in ascending order of the property indicated in parenthesis.
i) HClO3, HClO4 , HClO2, HClO (Strength of Acidity)
............................ < ............................ < ............................ < ................................
ii) BeCO3 , MgCO3 , CaCO3 , K2CO3 (Thermal Stability)
............................ < ............................ < ............................ < ................................
iii) Be(OH)2, Mg(OH)2, Ca(OH)2, Ba(OH)2 (Water Solubility)
............................ < ............................ < ............................ < ................................
iv) Na+, F - , O 2-, Mg 2+ (Ionic radius)
............................ < ............................ < ............................ < ................................
v) NO2 , NO2+ , NO2- , NO3- (Bond Angles)
............................ < ............................ < ............................ < ................................
vi) HF, HCl, HBr, HI (Bond dissociation enthalpy)
............................ < ............................ < ............................ < ................................ 100
-02-
2. a) "A" is an element in period 3 of the periodic table.
"A" reacts with aqueous NaOH to give gas "B".
"B" reacts with element "C" which is in the same period and gives gas "D".
"D" reacts with acidic / KMnO4 to give a colourless solution with a milky suspension.
i) Identify A , B, C and D
A :............................................. B :.............................................
C :............................................. D :.............................................
ii) Write the balanced chemical equation for the reaction between A and aqueous NaOH.
.........................................................................................................................................
iii) Write down the molecular formula, IUPAC name and electronic configuration of A in
stable ion formed with one type of ligand in aqueous solutions of the salt of A.
Molecular formula .......................................................
IUPAC Name .......................................................
Electronic Configuration .......................................................
iv) Consider an aqueous solution of stable ion "A" mentioned in (iii) above and write the
balanced ionic equations for the following instances.
I) Adding a little NaOH
......................................................................................................................................
II) Adding excess NaOH to the above solution
......................................................................................................................................
v) State the observations in (iv) above.
I) ....................................................................................................................................
II) ....................................................................................................................................
b) You are given five test tubes P, Q, R, S and T. They contain CaCO3, AgNO3, BaCl2, NaOH and
ZnSO4 but not in order. Following are the observations obtained when the compounds were
tested according to the table given below.
Test Observation
(a) Compounds were separately dissolved All compounds were soluble in water except
in water compound S.

(b) Portions of P, Q, R and T aqueous Only R gave a white precipitate.

solutions were separated and dil.HCl
was added.

(c) Dil.H2SO4 was gradually added to Only T gave a white precipitate and the
portions of P, Q and T separately. precipitate was not dissolve when excess
dil.H2SO4 was added.

(d) A small amount of NH3(aq) was added Only Q gave a white gelatinous precipitate
to aqueous solution of P and Q separately.

-03-
 i) Identify P, Q, R, S and T
P - ...................................................................................................................................
Q - ...................................................................................................................................
R - ...................................................................................................................................
S - ...................................................................................................................................
T - ...................................................................................................................................
ii) Write the balanced chemical equation for the reaction between excess NH3(aq) and the
product obtained from the reaction of R and dil.HCl .
Chemical Reaction : ......................................................................................................
iii) Select the compounds that give a colour to the flame test. Write the relevant compounds
and their flame colours below.
Compound Flame Colour
............................................................ ............................................................
............................................................ ............................................................
............................................................ ............................................................ 100

3. a) i) A mass of an ideal gas is kept in a closed vessel under constant pressure P. If the absolute
temperature is T and the volume of the vessel is V, Write a mathematical expression to
express the variation between T and V.
............................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................
ii) Consider 2 samples with different masses m1 and m2 of the ideal gas mentioned in above
(i) and plot the variation between V and T on the graph below. (m2 > m1 )

iii) Name the gas law applicable to in (i) above expression.

............................................................................................................................................
iv) The volume of a constant gas sample under a constant pressure P at 0oC is 273 cm3
Calculate its volume when the temperature is increased upto 100 oC.
............................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................

-04-
 v) Write the expression for the mean kinetic energy of 1 mol of an ideal gas.
............................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................
vi) By using the expression (v) above calculate the mean kinetic energy contained in 32 g of
O2 gas at 127 oC .
............................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................
b) Compound P reacts with compound Q as shown in the following balanced chemical equation.
P(g) + 3 Q(g) PQ3(g) ; D
H(-)
The rate expression and the proposed mechanism for the above reaction is given below.
Rate = K [P(g)] [Q(g)] 2
P(g) + Q(g) PQ (g) ; D
H1 (+) (1)
PQ(g) + Q(g) PQ2(g) ; D
H2 (-) (2)
PQ2(g) + Q(g) PQ3(g) ; D
H3 (-) (3)

i) Which of the above steps is the rate - determing step? Explain your answer.
............................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................
ii) Calculate the values of x and y given in the table below for the reaction between P and Q
Test Initial [P ]mol dm-3 (g) Initial [Q ] mol dm-3 Initial rate mol dm-3 s-1
(g)
1) 0.20 0.40 1.8 x 10-3
2) 0.30 0.20 x
3) y 0.60 5.4 x 10-3

............................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................
iii) Calculate the rate constant (k) of this reaction at the relevant temperature.

............................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................

-05-
 iv) Draw an energy diagram to represent the pathway of this reaction. Identify the
intermediates and activated complexes involved in the mechanism and mark them at
appropriate places on the diagram.
Ts1 - Activated complex in the 1st step
Ts2 - Activated complex in the 2nd step
Ts3 - Activated complex in the 3rd step
Energy

Reaction Coordinate 100

4. a) P, Q, R and S are four Ester isomers having the moleculer formula of C4 H8 O2

Compound P gives X and Y when it react with dilute HCl compound Q gives X and Z by the
same reaction with dilute HCl
The product obtained by the reaction of Y and C5 H5 NHClCrO3 does not produce a silver
mirror upon heating with NH3 /AgNO3
It gives a plant originated acidic compound which is used as a food preservative by
hydrolysis of R.
i) Draw the structures of P, Q, R, S, X, Y and Z in the boxes below.
P Q R S

X Y Z

ii) Suggest another method to distinguish Z form Y.

............................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................

-06-
 iii) Draw the structure of the product in the box below of the reaction between Z and acidic
KMnO4

iv) Write the IUPAC name of the compound.

............................................................................................................................................
b) Write the appropriate reactants and reagents for the reactions in the table below and mention
the main product in each reaction.
Note that repeated use of the same compound is not allowed.
O
CH3 O
C- H
Reactants : CH - C- CH2 OH , ,
3 CH3 -
C-CH3
CH3

CH3 -
CH2 - OH , C2 H5 -
CH2 - CH = CH -
C2 H5

Reagents : C2 H5 MgBr, PCl3 , Br2 , CH3 COCl, CCl4 , Anhydrous AlCl3 ,

Anhydrous Al2 O3

Type of mechanism Reactant Reagent / Catalyst Main Product

Electrophilic addition

Electrophilic Substitution

Nueleophilic Substitution

Elimination reaction

Nucleophilic addition

c) C3 H7 ON is an amide (A) was subjected to the below reaction sequence.

A (i) LiAlH4 NaNO3(aq) /HCl(aq)

B C
C3 H7 ON (ii) H+/H2 O C3 H8 O
PCC
dil. NaOH
E D
C3 H12 O2 C3 H6 O

-07-
i) Draw the structures for A, B, C, D and E in the boxes below.
A B C

D E

ii) Draw the structure of the product obtained from the reaction of compound D with HCN.

iii) State the type of isomerism which is shown by compound E.

............................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................

iv) Write a method that can be used to distinguish the isomers of the above compound from
each other.

............................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................

100

-08-
 Essay
5. a) A vessel with a variable volume contains 3 moles of A gas and 2 moles of B gas. The volume of
the vessel is 3 dm 3 at 27 oC.
i) Find the pressure of the vessel.
ii) At the above pressure, when the temperature of the system is increased up to 127 oC, only
the gas A reaches to the following equilibrium.
A(g) C(g) + D(g) (1)
The volume of the above equilibrium system is 4.8 dm 3. Calculate the followings.
I) Total number of moles in the system.
II) Percentage dissociation of A(g)
III) Kp for the above equllibrium at 127 oC
iii) If the above system is maintained at the same pressure and the temperature is increased up
to 227 oC, in addition to the above equilibrium gas B also decompose and reaches to the
following equilibrium
B(g) nE(g) + F(s) (2)
The gas E and the solid F formed here and they do not react with the other gases in the
system.
At this time the volume of the system is 7.0 dm 3 and the volume of the solid F is negligible.
The partial pressure of A is equal to the partial pressure of B and C gases.
Calculate the following.
I) Total number of moles in the system.
II) Number of moles of each and every gas in the system.
III) The value of "n"
IV) Kp and Kc for the equilibrium (1) at 227 oC.

b) i) Write the balanced thermochemical equations for the following enthalpy changes.
I) Standard atomization enthalpy of Aluminium is + 324 kJ mol-1
II) Standard bond dissociation enthalpy of oxygen is + 498 kJ mol-1
III) Standard formation enthalpy of Aluminium oxide is -1675 kJ mol-1
IV) Standard first electron gain enthalpy of oxygen is - 141 kJ mol-1
V) Standard second electron gain enthalpy of oxygen is + 790 kJ mol-1
VI) Standard lattice dissociation enthalpy of Aluminium oxide is + 12850 kJ mol-1
ii) Using the above thermochemical data, calculate the standard enthapy change for the
following reaction.
Al(g) Al 3+ + 3e
(g)
iii) If the neumerical value of the entropy change for the formation of Aluminium oxide is 542
J K-1 mol-1 calculate the temperature at which the reaction occurs spontaneously.

-09-
 c) An ideal binary liquid mixture is formed by mixing two volatile liquids A and B . When the
molar fraction of A in the liquid phase is changed from XA = 0.2 to XA = 0.6, it is observed that
the pressure of the vapour phase is doubled its value.
During the process, the temperature is kept constant. If the saturated vapour pressure of A and
B are PAo and PBo respectively, calculate the ratio between PAo and PBo at this temperature.

6. a) i) The conjugate acid of NH3(aq) is NH4+(aq) . If the dissociation constants of NH3(aq) and
NH4+(aq) are Kb and Ka respectively,
Show that Kb Ka = Kw
ii) Calculate the pH of 0.1 mol dm -3 (NH4)2SO4 solution at 298 K. (At this temperature, the
dissociation constant Kb of NH3(aq) is 1.8 x 10 -5 mol dm -3)
iii) Calculate the mass of NH4NO3 required to be added to a volume of 100 cm 3 of
0.5 mol dm -3 NH3 solution in order to get a solution of pH 8. (N = 14, O = 16, H = 1)

b) A weak manobasic acid HA, is soluble in both chloroform and water.

500 cm 3 of CHCl3 solution, with a concentration of 0.15 mol dm -3 of HA is mixed well with
500 cm 3 of water and kept at 25 oC to reach to the equilibrium. After reaching the equilibrium,
the aqueous layer with a pH of 3 is extracted. The dissociation constant of HA at 25 oC is
1 x 10 -5 mol dm -3.
i) Calculate the partition coefficient for the distribution of HA between CHCl3 and water.
ii) In another procedure, 500 cm 3 of CHCl3 with a concentration of 0.15 mol dm -3 HA is
mixed with a 500 cm 3 volume of 0.05 mol dm -3 NaOH solution and allowed to reach the
equilibrium at 25 oC. Calculate the pH of the aqueous layer under these conditions.

c) The equilibrium constant for the below given reaction is 1 x 10 8 mol -2 dm 6

Ag +(aq) + 2NH3(aq) [Ag(NH3)2]+(aq)

and the solubility product of AgBr is 5 x 10 -13 mol 2 dm -6

Considering as the only complex formed by the reaction of Ag+ ions and aqueous NH3 is
+
[Ag(NH3)2](aq)
i) Calculate the equilibrium constant for the dissolution of AgBr in NH3(aq)
ii) Calculate the solubility of AgBr in 0.4 mol dm -3 NH3(aq)

-10-
7. a) Consider the following electrochemical cells at 25 oC.
Pt Wires

Zn Cu (C) (D)
rod Perforated
rod
membrane

(A) (B)
ZnCl2(aq) CuSO4(aq) diluted H2SO4(aq)
diluted
(1 mol dm-3) (1 mol dm-3) (0.5 mol dm)
H2SO4(aq)
(0.5 mol dm-3)

E Zn2+ / Zn(s)
o o
At 25 C = -0.76 V
E 2+ / Cu
o
Cu (aq ) (s) = + 0.34 V

i) Calculate the electromotive force of the electrochemical cell A.

ii) State two main functions of the salt bridge.
iii) When the two electrodes are connected with a copper wire.
I) Write the cathodic half reaction.
II) Write the anodic half reaction.
III) Write the cell reaction.
iv) Give the IUPAC cell notation of the above cell.
v) If the Cu rod and Zn rod of the cell A is connected by a wire to the electrode C and D of the
cell B respectively.
I) Write the reaction occurs at electrode C.
II) Write the reaction occurs at electrode D.
vi) A current of 3.7 A is passed through a molten solution of Al2 O3 for a period of 13
minutes. The volume of O2 gas collected at the anode at standard temperature and
pressure is 168 cm 3
I) Using the above given data calculate the charge of one mole of electrons.
II) When the above amount of electricity is passed through the molten chloride of metal
M 1.379 g mass of of M could be obtained.
Calculate the charge or the Mx+ cation. (relative atomic mass of M is 137.3)

b) A and B are coordination compounds or ions. In each compound two types of ligands are
coordinated to the metal ion. The molecular formulae of the compounds are (not in order)
CrN6 H15 O2 S, CrN4 H12 Cl2 and CrN6 H15 O2 I2 .
The observations are given below, when aqueous solutions of the above compounds are
treated with a solution of AgNO3 .

-11-
 Compound AgNO3(aq)
A Yellow precipitate which is insoluble in either dil or conc NH3
B Black precipitate
C No any precipitate is formed.
i) Give the structures of A, B and C.
ii) Write the chemical formulae of the precipitates formed by A and B upon treating with
AgNO3 .
iii) Give another experiment and observations there to identify the anions present in the above
aqueous solutions.

8. a) Using A as the only starting organic compound, show how you could prepare the given
compound using as not more than 8 steps.
O OH
C-
NH -
CH -
CH3 CH3 -
C-
CH2
CH3 CH3

A
b) Complete the below reaction series by giving the structures of compounds A, B, C, D, E, F, G,
H and I and the reagents P, Q, R, S, T, U, V, W, and X required for the reactions. Only the
chemical substances given below should be used. (either singly or as combinations)
Chemical Substances,
14 14
CH3-
CHO, CH3-
CH2-
CHO, C2H5-
O-
C2H5, PCl3, NaBH4,
Mg, HCl, CH3COOH, H2O

P Q R S T U
A B C D E F G

V
W
I H
X
14
HO-
CH-
CH3
14 14
CH3-
CH2-
CH -
CH3

c) Consider the following reactions.

aqeous NaOH
First reaction : CH2 -
CH3 - Br CH2 -
CH3 - OH
CH3 CH3
aqeous
Second reaction : CH3 -
C-
Br CH3 -
C-
OH
NaOH
CH3 CH3

-12-
 The above two reactions occur by two mechanisms depending on the number of steps
involved.
I) State the mechanism type by which related to each reaction takes place separately.
II) Briefly explain the reasons for having two seperate mechanisms.
III) Although the aliphatic alkyl halides forms the products with aqueous NaOH as above,
aryl halides do not answer the reaction with NaOH Explain reasons for the above
differences.

9. a) Given below is a procedure followed for the identification of ions present in a solid mixture of
two compounds.
Tri atomit Colourless, neutral gas (A)
and Water Vapour
reaction I
D
colourless + basic NaOH/D Solid HNO3 /AgNO3
Mixture white precipitate (B)
solution gas (C) reaction IV reaction II
reaction III
Conc.H2 SO4
reaction V dil. NH3(aq)
D
Zn/D dissolution of
precipitate
basic gas brown colour colourless solution
gas (D) reaction VI
H2 O
White precipitate (E)
reaction VII
dil.HCl
clear solution
reaction VIII
H2 S (g)
black precipitate (F)
i) Identify the two cations and the two anions present in the mixture.
ii) Identify the gases and precipitates formed as A, B, C, D, E and F, giving their chemical
formulae.
iii) Write the balanced chemical / ionic equations for the reaction mentioned from I to VIII.

b) A student carried out a following procedure to identify the concentration of H2C2O4 and
FeSO4 in an aqueous solution.
Step I
A volume of 25.00 cm3 of the above solution was titrated with 0.20 mol dm -3 KMnO4
solution and the volume of KMnO4 required to reach the end point was 40.00 cm3.
Step II
A volume of 50 cm3 of 0.1 mol dm -3 K2Cr2O7 was added to another 25.00 cm 3 volume of the
above solution.
-13-
 The resulting solution was titrated with 0.001 mol dm -3 Na2S2O3 and the volume required to
reach the end point was 15.00 cm 3
(consider that both FeSO4 and Na2C2O3 are oxidized by K2Cr2O7 , but H2C2O4 does not
react with K2Cr2O7 )
S2O32- S4O62-
i) Write the balanced ionic equations for step I and II.
ii) Calculate the concentrations of H2C2O4 and FeSO4 in the mixture.

10. a) The processes involved in four important industries is represented by the following flow
chart.
A
F

P
B thermal decomposition.

C D

H I

q r

J CH3 OH(l)
s

gas Processes raw materials intermediates final products

i) Identify the gases A, B, C and D with correct symbols.
ii) Identify the processes p, q, r and s with correct scientific terms.
iii)Identify the raw materials E, F and G
iv) Name the intermediates / final compounds H, I, J, K (Mention the chemical formula as
much as possible)
v) Write balanced chemical equations for the processes involving in formation of I, by E, C
and D.
vi) Mention the precautions are being taken to improve the efficiency of the process in above
(v).
-14-
b) Formation of O3 at lower levels in the troposphere may cause health problems to human being,
though it is beneficial to animal kind formation of ozone in the stratosphere. Such a process is
indicated by the following flow chart.

Vehical exhaust fumes

NO2 unburnt hydrocarbon

reaction 1
atomic oxygen
reaction 2 reaction 3
Ozone hydroxyl free radicals.

alkyl / peroxy alkyl free radicals

NO2 + O2
A+B+C
i) What is the common name used to denote the entire process above.
ii) Write the balanced chemical equations for the reactions mentioned as 1, 2 and 3.
iii) Identify the products A, B and C
iv) State how this process affects on human health and plants giving one effect under each,
catogery.
v) Mention two precautions can be taken to reduce this environmental issue.

c) i) Name two condensation polymers.

ii) Draw the structures of the monomers related to above two polymers
iii) Draw the structures of the repeating units of the above polymers.
iv) Give one use each of the above mentioned two polymers.

-15-
-16-