T230(E)(A1)T

NATIONAL CERTIFICATE

BUILDING SCIENCE N1
(15070001)

1 April 2019 (X-Paper)

09:00–12:00
Calculators may be used.

This question paper consists of 6 pages and 1 formula sheet.

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DEPARTMENT OF HIGHER EDUCATION AND TRAINING

REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA
NATIONAL CERTIFICATE
BUILDING SCIENCE N1
TIME: 3 HOURS
MARKS: 100

INSTRUCTIONS AND INFORMATION

1. Answer ALL the questions.

2. Read ALL the questions carefully.

3. Number the answers according to the numbering system used in this question
paper.

4. Sketches must be large, neat and fully labelled.

5. Assume that a 1 kg mass exerts a force of 10 N.

6. Write the formula before starting with any calculation.

7. Round off numerical answers to two decimal places after the decimal comma.

8. Write neatly and legibly.

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QUESTION 1

1.1 A concrete beam has the following dimensions:

Length = 3 250 mm
Width = 750 mm
Depth = 350 mm

Calculate the volume in the following:

1.1.1 mm3

1.1.2 m3
(2 × 3) (6)

1.2 If the density of the concrete beam in QUESTION 1.1 is 2 400 kg/m 3,
calculate the mass of the beam. (4)
[10]

QUESTION 2

2.1 Calculate the quantity of water required for a concrete mixture of 150 kg of
cement with water:cement ratio of 0,06. The answer must be in the unit of
water. (4)

2.2 With the aid of a diagram, briefly explain how pressure in water varies
according to depth. (6)

2.3 With the aid of a sketch, describe the best practical test for determining the
desired workability of concrete. (8)
[18]

QUESTION 3

3.1 Define Charles's Law. (3)

3.2 A quantity of gas has a volume of 9 m 3 when under a pressure of

350 kilopascals.

Calculate the pressure when the gas occupies a volume of 5 m 3 and the
temperature does not change. (3)

3.3 With the aid of a sketch, describe how moisture is prevented from penetrating
between the following:
 The bottom rail and sill
 The sill and brickwork in a timber window construction (8)
[14]

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QUESTION 4

4.1 Briefly explain the following terms as used in connection with timber:

4.1.1 Seasoning

4.1.2 Conversion

4.1.3 Preservation
(3 × 2) (6)

4.2 Name FOUR types of effective water-soluble preservatives. (4)

4.3 A piece of timber with moisture content has a mass of 1 250 g. After oven-
drying to a constant mass, it weighs 985 g.

Calculate the moisture content of the timber in %. (4)

[14]

QUESTION 5

Indicate whether the following statements are TRUE or FALSE. Choose the answer
and write only 'True' or 'False' next to the question number (5.1–5.5) in the
ANSWER BOOK.

5.1 A force is that which changes or tends to change the state of rest or uniform
motion of a body in a straight line.

5.2 When several forces act upon a body, they are coplanar forces.

5.3 The weight of an object is the quantity of matter it contains.

5.4 The equilibrant of two or more forces is a single force that can replace or
produce the effect of the two or more forces.

5.5 Gravity is the force with which something is attracted to the earth's centre.
(5 × 2) [10]

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QUESTION 6

6.1 Define the term parallelogram of forces. (4)

6.2 Graphically determine the magnitude, direction and sense of the resultant of
the two coplanar forces shown in FIGURE 1 below. (8)

450 N

45○
350 N
FIGURE 1 [12]

QUESTION 7

Study FIGURE 2 below which show coplanar forces acting in one point and answer the
questions.

130 kN

B 30○
100 kN
45○
D

160 kN

FIGURE 2

7.1 Graphically determine the magnitude and direction of the equilibrant of the
coplanar forces. (8)

7.2 7.2.1 Calculate the magnitude of the horizontal components of the

equilibrant in QUESTION 7.1.1.

7.2.2 Calculate the magnitude of the vertical components of the

equilibrant in QUESTION 7.1.1.
(2 × 2) (4)
[12]

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QUESTION 8

FIGURE 3 below shows three forces acting on a beam.

120 N 60 N 80 N

1m 2m 3m 2m

RL RR
FIGURE 3

Determine the reactions at the supports by means of a link polygon diagram. [10]

TOTAL: 100

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(15070001) T230(E)(A1)T

BUILDING SCIENCE N1

FORMULA SHEET

Any applicable formula may also be used.

1. F = m × g 12. K = C + 273

O 13. P1V1 = P2V2

2. sin  
H
T
sin   14. VC/VK = F.Sin
S

A
3. cos  15. HC/HK = F.Cos
H
A
cos  
S
16. V = L ×  × H
O
4. tan 
A IW  DW
T 17. % MC   100
tan  DW
A
AG  DG
D 2 % VI   100
5. A   r 2 DG
4

6. A = ½ (B × h) 18. P = h × d × g

D 2
7. V  h 19. (Water-cement ratio)
4
M .W .
4 3 W.C.R. =
8. V  r M .C.
3

1 2 M .W .
9. V  r h W.S.V. =
3 M .S .

M
10. D  20. R2 = VC 2 + HC 2
V
R2 = VC2 + HK2
M .S
11. R.D. 
M .W
21. W = P × V × g
D.S

D.W G=P×V×g

22. W = m × g

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