Question 1 - Single Correct

The direction cosines 𝑙, 𝑚 and 𝑛 of two lines are connected by

the relations 𝑙 + 𝑚 + 𝑛 = 0 and 𝑙𝑚 = 0, then the angle between
the lines is

𝜋 𝜋
3 4

𝜋
0
2

Solution

Given, 𝑙 + 𝑚 + 𝑛 = 0 ...(i)
and 𝑙𝑚 = 0
i.e. either 𝑚 = 0 or 𝑙 = 0
If 𝑙 = 0 , then putting in equation (i), we get 𝑚 = − 𝑛
∴ Direction ratios are 0, − 𝑛, 𝑛 i.e. 0, − 1, 1
If 𝑚 = 0 , then putting in equation (i), we get 𝑙 = − 𝑛
∴ Direction ratios are − 𝑛, 0, 𝑛 i.e. − 1, 0, 1
0 × (−1) + (−1) × 0 + 1 × 1 1
∴ cos𝜃 = =
2
√(0) + (−1) + (1) √(−1) + (0) + (1)
2 2 2 2 2 2

𝜋
⇒ 𝜃=
3

Question 2 - Single Correct

A line makes 45∘ with positive x -axis and makes equal angles
with positive y, z axes, respectively. What is the sum of the
three angles which the line makes with positive x, y and z
axes?

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 180∘ 165∘

150∘ 135∘

Solution

We know that sum of square of direction cosines = 1 i.e. cos2 α +

cos2 β + cos2 γ = 1
⇒ cos2 45∘ + cos2 β + cos2 β = 1
(As given α = 45∘ and β = γ )
⇒ 12 + 2 cos2 β = 1
⇒ cos2 β = 14
⇒ cos β = ± 12 , Negative value is discarded,
1
Since the line makes angle with positive axes. Hence, cos β = 2
⇒ cos β = cos 60∘
⇒ β = 60∘
∴ Required sum = α + β + γ = 45∘ + 60∘ + 60∘
= 165∘

Question 3 - Single Correct

What are the direction cosines of a line which is equally

inclined to the positive directions of the axes?

⟨ 1
3
, 1
3
, 1
3
⟩ ⟨− 1
3
, 1
3
, 1
3
⟩

⟨− 1
,− 1 , 1 ⟩ ⟨ 13 , 13 , 13 ⟩
3 3 3

Solution

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 Let ℓ, m, n are the dc's of a line that is inclined equally at α to the + ve
direction of axes. Now, ℓ = cos α, m = cos α, n = cos α
Also, ℓ2 + m2 + n2 = 1

3 cos2 α = 1
cos α = 13

∴ dc's of the line are : ⟨ 1

3
, 13 , 13 ⟩

Question 4 - Single Correct

the planes 2𝑥 − 𝑦 − 4 = 0 and 𝑦 + 2𝑧 − 4 = 0 and passing through

The equation of a plane containing the line of intersection of

the point (1, 1, 0) is :

𝑥 + 3𝑦 + 𝑧 = 4 𝑥−𝑦−𝑧=0

𝑥 − 3𝑦 − 2𝑧 = − 2 2𝑥 − 𝑧 = 2

Solution

(2𝑥 − 𝑦 − 4) + 𝜆(𝑦 + 2𝑧 − 4) = 0
The required plane is

it passes through (1, 1, 0)

⇒ (2 − 1 − 4) + 𝜆(1 − 4) = 0
⇒ − 3 − 3𝜆 = 0 ⇒ 𝜆 = − 1
⇒𝑥−𝑦−𝑧=0

Question 5 - Single Correct

A line makes the same angle α with each of the x and y axes. If

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 A line makes the same angle α with each of the x and y axes. If
the angle θ , which it makes with the z -axis, is such that
sin2 θ = 2 sin2 α, then what is the value of α ?

π/4 π/6

π/3 π/2

Solution

Since l2 + m2 + n2 = 1
∴ cos2 α + cos2 α + cos2 θ = 1 ……… (1)
(∵ A line makes the same angle α with x and y -axes and θ with z-axis)
Also, sin2 θ = 2 sin2 α
⇒ 1 − cos2 θ = 2 (1 − cos2 α) (∵ sin2 A + cos2 A = 1)
⇒ cos2 θ = 2 cos2 α − 1.......(2)
- From equation (i) and (ii) 2 cos2 α + 2 cos2 α − 1 = 1
⇒ 4 cos2 α = 2 ⇒ cos α = ± 12 ⇒ α = π4 , 3π 4

Question 6 - Single Correct

A line makes angles θ, ϕ and ψ with x, y, z axes respectively.

Consider the following :
2 2
1. sin θ + sin ϕ = cos2 ψ
2.cos2 θ+ cos2 ϕ = sin2 ψ
2
3.sin θ + cos2 ϕ = cos2 ψ
Which of the above is/are correct?

1 only 2 only

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 3 only 2 and 3

Solution

If a line makes angle θ, ϕ and ψ with x, y, z axes respectively, then

cos2 θ + cos2 ϕ + cos2 ψ = 1
⇒ cos2 θ + cos2 ϕ = 1 − cos2 ψ
⇒ cos2 θ + cos2 ϕ = sin2 ψ
∴ Statement
(2) is correct.

Question 7 - Single Correct

The direction cosines of two lines are related by l + m + n =

0 and al2 + bm2 + cn2 = 0. The lines are parallel if

a+b+c=0 a−1 + b−1 + c−1 = 0

a=b=c None of these

Solution

For n = −(l + m), the second relation gives aa2 + bm2 + c(l + m)2 =
0 or (a + c)l2 + 2clm + (b + c)
m2 = 0.
For parallel lines, the two roots must be equal ⇒ 4c2 − 4(b + c)(a +
c) = 0 ⇒ ab + bc + ca = 0

Question 8 - Single Correct

If θ is the acute angle between the diagonals of a cube, then

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 If θ is the acute angle between the diagonals of a cube, then
which one of the following is correct?

θ < 30∘ θ = 60∘

30∘ < θ < 60∘ θ > 60∘

Solution

Let there be cube of side 'a'. Co-ordinates of its vertices

O, A, B, C, D, E, F have le marked in the
figure. Diagonals are OE, FC, GB and AD. Direction ratios (dr3 ) of
these diagonals are :
OE⟨(a − 0), (a − 0), (a − 0)⟩ = (a, a, a)
FC⟨(−a, a, −a)⟩; GB⟨(−a, a, a)⟩ and AD
⟨(a, a, −a)⟩
Their des are :
OE, ⟨ a
, a
, a
)
a2 +a2 +a2 a2 +a2 +a2 a2 +a2 +a2

=⟨ 1
3
, 1
3
, 1
3
⟩

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 =⟨ 3
, 3
, 3
⟩
AD, ⟨ a
Σa2
, a
Σa2
, −a
Σa2
⟩ =⟨ 1
3
, 13 , 13 ⟩
Angle, θ , between AD and OE is given by cos θ =
1
× 1 + 1 × 1 − 1 × 1
± 3 3 3 3 3 3

{( 13 ) +( 13 ) +( 13 ) }( 13 ) +( 13 ) +(− 13 )
2 2 2 2 2 2

1
= 3
1×1 = ± 13
Since the cube is in positive octant, we take + 13 .
1
So, cos θ ⇒ θ > 60′
= 3
[Since value of cos θ decreases as θ increases in 0 to 90∘ . cos θ = 1
when θ = 0∘ and cos θ = 0 when
θ = 90∘ ]

Question 9 - Single Correct

A line makes angles θ, ϕ and ψ with x, y, z axes respectively.

Consider the following
2 2
1.sin θ + sin ϕ = cos2 ψ
2. cos2 θ + cos2 ϕ = sin2 ψ
2
3.sin θ + cos2 ϕ = cos2 ψ
Which of the above is/are correct?

1 only 2 only

3 only 2 and 3

Solution

If a line makes angle θ, ϕ and ψ with x, y, z axes respectively, then

cos2 θ + cos2 ϕ + cos2 ψ = 1
⇒ cos2 θ + cos2 ϕ = 1 − cos2 ψ
⇒ cos2 θ + cos2 ϕ = sin2 ψ

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 ⇒ cos2 θ + cos2 ϕ = sin2 ψ
∴ Statement
(2) is correct.

Question 10 - Single Correct

Consider the following relations among the angles α, β and γ

made by a vector with the coordinate axes
1.cos 2α + cos 2β + cos 2γ = −1
2 2 2
II. sin α + sin β + sin γ = 1
Which of the above is/are correct?

Only I Only II

Both I and II Neither I nor II

Solution

We have, cos2 α + cos2 β + cos2 γ = 1

⇒ 2 cos2 α + 2 cos2 β + 2 cos2 γ = 2...(i)
⇒ 2 cos2 α − 1 + 2 cos2 β − 1 + 2 cos2 γ − 1 = 2 − 3
⇒ cos 2α + cos 2β + cos 2γ = −1
2
Hence statement - I is correct. and now from (i), 1 − sin α + 1 −
sin2 β + 1 − sin2 γ = 1
⇒ sin2 α + sin2 β + sin2 γ = 2
Hence, only statement I is correct.

Question 11 - Single Correct

If the direction cosines of a line are ( 1c , 1c , 1c ) then

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 0<c<1 c>2

c>0 c=± 3

Solution

Since d. c. of line are { 1c , 1c , 1c }

1 1 1
∴ c2 + c2 + c2 = 1 ⇒ c2 = 3 ⇒ c = ± 3

Question 12 - Single Correct

If a line makes an angle of π/4 with the postive directions of

each of x -axis and y -axis, then the
angle that the line makes with the positive dircetion of the z-
axis is

π/4 π/2

π/6 π/3

Solution

cos2 α + cos2 β + cos2 γ = 1

⇒ cos2 γ = 0
⇒ γ = π/2

Question 13 - Single Correct

A line makes the same angle θ , with each of the x and z axis. If

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 A line makes the same angle θ , with each of the x and z axis. If
2
the angle β , which it makes with y -axis, is such that sin β=
3 sin2 θ, then cos2 θ equals

2 2
3 5

3 1
5 5

Solution

Let the direction cosines be cos θ, cos θ, cos β . Then

2 cos2 θ + cos2 β = 1 ∴ 2 cos2 θ − 3 sin2 θ = 0 ⇒ cos2 θ = 3
5

Question 14 - Single Correct

A line AB in three-dimensional space makes angles 45∘ and

120∘ with the positive x -axis and the positive y -axis
respectively. If AB makes an acute angle q with the positive
z−
axis, then θ equals

45∘ 60∘

75∘ 30∘

Solution
1
t = cos 45∘ = 2

m = cos 120∘ = − 12
n = cos θ

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 n = cos θ
where θ is the angle which line makes with positive z -axis. Now ℓ2 +
m2 + n2 = 1
⇒ 12 + 14 + cos2 θ = 1
cos2 θ = 14
⇒ cos θ = 12
( θ Being acute)
⇒ θ = π3

Question 15 - Single Correct

The distance between two points P and Q is d and the length

of their projections of PQ on the co−ordinate planes are
d1 , d2 , d3 . Then d21 + d22 + d23 = kd2 where K is

1 5

3 2

Solution

Here, d1 = d cos (90∘ − α)

d2 = d cos (90∘ − β )
d3 = d cos (90∘ − γ )
⇒ d21 + d22 + d23 = d2 (sin2 α + sin2 β + sin2 γ )
⇒ d21 + d22 + d23 = 2d2 ; ∴ k = 2

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