Scribd
Upload
11 views

Setgoi Sequential Circuits

Uploaded by

rahulmail10
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
11 views

Setgoi Sequential Circuits

Uploaded by

rahulmail10
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 6

Flip-flop

flop types, their Conversion and Applications



Flip-flop is a circuit that maintains a state until directed by input to change the state. A basic flip-flop can be
constructed using four-NAND or four-NOR
four gates. Flip flop is popularly known as the basic digital memory
circuit. It has its two states as logic
gic 1(High) and logic 0(low) states. A flip flop is a sequential circuit which
consist of single binary state of information or data. The digital circuit is a flip flop which has two outputs and
are of opposite states. It is also known as a Bistable Multivibrator.
Types of flip-flops:
1. SR Flip Flop
2. JK Flip Flop
3. D Flip Flop
4. T Flip Flop
Logic diagrams and truth tables of the different types of flip-flops are as follows:
S-R Flip Flop :
In the flip flop, with the help of preset and clear when the power is switched ON, the states of the circuit keeps
on changing, that is it is uncertain. It may come to set(Q=1) or reset(Q’=0) state. In many applications, it is
desired to initially set or reset the flip flop that is the initial state of the flip flop that needs
nee to be assigned. This
thing is accomplished by the preset(PR) and the clear(CLR).

S-R Flip Flop


Operations:
Case 1:
PR=CLR=1 The asynchronous inputs are inactive and the flip flop responds freely to the S,R and the CLK
inputs in the normal way.
Case 2:
PR=0 and CLR=1 This is used when the Q is set to 1.
Case 3:
PR=1 and CLR=0 This is used when the Q’ is set to 1.
Case 4:
PR=CLR=0 This is an invalid state.
Characteristics Equation for SR Flip Flop: QN+1 = QNR’ + SR’
J-K Flip Flop:
In JK flip flops, the diagram over here represents the basic structure of the flip flop which consists of Clock
(CLK), Clear (CLR), Preset (PR).

J-K Flip Flop

Operations:
Case 1:
PR=CLR=0 This condition is in its invalid state.
Case 2:
PR=0 and CLR=1 The PR is activated which means the output in the Q is set to 1. Therefore, the flip flop is in
the set state.
Case 3:
PR=1 and CLR=0 The CLR is activated which means the output in the Q’ is set to 1. Therefore, the flip flop is
in the reset state.
Case 4:
PR=CLR=1 In this condition the flip flop works in its normal way whereas the PR and CLR gets deactivated.
Race around condition:
When the J and K both are set to 1, the input remains high for a longer duration of time, then the output keeps
on toggling. Toggle means that switching in the output instantly i.e. Q=0, Q’=1 will immediately change to
Q=1 and Q’=0 and this continuation keeps on changing. This change in output leads to race around condition.
Characteristics Equation for JK Flip Flop: QN+1 = JQ’N + K’QN
D Flip Flop:

D FLIP FLOP

Characteristics Equation for D Flip Flop: QN+1 = D


T Flip Flop:
T FLIP FLOP

Characteristics Equation for T Flip Flop: QN+1 = Q’NT + QNT’ = QN XOR T

Conversion for Flip Flops:


EXCITATION TABLE:

Steps To Convert from One Flip Flop to Other :


Let there be required flip flop to be constructed using sub-flip flop:
1. Draw the truth table of the required flip-flop.
2. Write the corresponding outputs of sub-flip flop to be used from the excitation table.
3. Draw K-Maps using required flip fl flop inputs and obtain excitation functions for sub-flip
sub flop inputs.
4. Construct a logic diagram according to the functions obtained.
i) Convert SR To JK Flip Flop

Excitation Functions:
ii) Convert SR To D Flip Flop:

Excitation Functions: S = D, R = D‘

Applications of Flip-Flops:
These are the various types of flip-flops being used in digital electronic circuits and the applications of Flip-
flops are as specified below.
 Counters
 Frequency Dividers
 Shift Registers
 Storage Registers
 Bounce elimination switch
 Data storage
 Data transfer
 Latch
 Registers
 Memory

You might also like