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Cardiovascular notes p4

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10 views

Cardiovascular notes p4

Uploaded by

friendlyrodents
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as TXT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Blood - Formed Elements of Blood - Blood is composed of the following living cells,

which support and maintain our body tissues: Erythrocyes, or red blood cells, which
are filled with hemoglobin and carry oxygen from the lungs to the rest of the body.
Leukocytes, or whit eblood cells, which defend against infection. Thrombocytes, or
platelets, which help blood to clot when injuries occur.

Blood Types - An Austrian Physician, DR. Karl Landsteiner, was awarded the nobel
prize in 1901 for the discovery of the different blood types while researching why
some patients experienced clumping of their blood following a transfusion. He
classified the groups into the now well known A,B,AB and O blood types.

Blood types are inherited from your parents. The four blood types are classified
according to the presence or absence of antigens on the surface of the red blood
cells. An antigen is a substance that stimulates an immune response if they are
foreign to the body.

Type A has the A antigen on the surface.

Type B has the B antigen on the surface.

Type AB has both the A antigen and the B antigen on the surface.

Type O has no antigens on the surface.

Transfusions - safe transfusions depend on careful blood typing to prevent the


immune system from producing antibodies and attacking the transfused blood.

Type A can recieve blood from Type A and Type O

Type B can receive blood from Type B and Type O

Type AB can receive blood from Type A, Type B, Type AB , and Type O

Type O can only recieve blood from Type O.

Ideally, blood transfustions are done with donated blood thats an exact match for
type and Rh factor. Even then, small samples of the recipients and donors blood are
mixed to check copatibility in a process known as crossmatching.

The Rh Factor - The Rh factor is a specific protein found on the surface of red
blood cells. People with the Rh protein are described as Rh positive people without
the Rh protein are Rh negative

The inclusion of the Rh factor creates the Eight blood types,


A+,A-,B+,B-,O+,O-,AB+,AB-

Type O+ is the most common blood type in the U.S

Type AB+ is the universal recipient (Can recieve all blood types.)

Type O- is the Universal donor (Can donate to all blood types.)

Rh incompatibility is very dangerous in pregnancy. If an Rh-mother is carrying an


Rh+ fetus, the mothers body sees the Rh protein as a foreign antigen and produces
antibodies against it , destroying the unborn babys bloodcells,Today, the good news
is that doctors are able to detect and treat Rh disease in teh fetus.

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