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Anime Slayer
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Name.

Saad asif butt


Roll. 01
Department L.L.B 3rd semester (blue)
Subject. Quantative reasoing
Submitted to. Ma’am fatima
Deterministic and non - Deterministic model examples
Deterministic Models

• Definition: Models that produce the same output for a given input, without any element
of randomness or chance.
• Examples:
o Newtonian Physics: Predicts the motion of objects based on well-defined laws of
motion.
o Mathematical Equations: Equations like y = mx + b always produce the same y-
value for a given x-value and specific values of m and b.
o Clocks: Given a specific time, a clock will always show the same time.
o Algorithms: Algorithms like bubble sort or merge sort follow a fixed set of steps
to sort data, producing the same result for the same input.
o Digital Circuits: Logic gates in digital circuits operate deterministically,
producing specific outputs based on specific inputs.

Non-Deterministic Models

• Definition: Models that can produce different outputs for the same input, introducing an
element of randomness or uncertainty.
• Examples:
o Quantum Mechanics: The behavior of particles at the quantum level is
inherently probabilistic, making predictions uncertain.
o Weather Prediction: Weather forecasts are based on complex atmospheric
models, but unpredictable factors like wind patterns and atmospheric pressure can
influence outcomes.
o Stock Market: Stock prices fluctuate based on various factors, including
economic indicators, company performance, and investor sentiment, making
future predictions uncertain.
o Genetic Algorithms: These algorithms use random mutations and selections to
evolve solutions, leading to different outcomes for the same initial conditions.
o Machine Learning Models: Models like neural networks can learn from data and
make predictions, but their predictions can vary based on the specific data and
training process.

Key Difference:

• Deterministic models follow a fixed path, while non-deterministic models can explore
multiple paths.

In essence:

• Deterministic models are predictable and reliable, making them suitable for tasks where
consistency is crucial.
• Non-deterministic models are flexible and adaptable, making them useful for tasks that
require creativity, exploration, or handling uncertainty.

The choice between deterministic and non-deterministic models depends on the specific problem
and the desired level of predictability and flexibility.

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