KINEMATICS IN ONE DIMENSION:

( FREE FALL ) STEM 005

 VERTICAL MOTION

 FREE FALL
 ACCELERATION DUE TO THE
GRAVITY
 KINEMATICS IN VERTICAL MOTION
VERTICAL MOTION

The most familiar example of uniformly

accelerated motion (UAM) or motion with
constant acceleration is an object falling
freely under the influence of the earth’s
gravitational attraction. Such motion has
held the attention of philosophers and
scientists since ancient times.
- Sear & Zemanky’s University Physics (13th edition)
VERTICAL MOTION

Suppose you dropped off a stone and a

feather from the same height at the same
time. Which will hit the ground first?
VERTICAL MOTION
Aristotle thought that
heavier objects fall
faster than lighter
objects, in proportion
to their weight.

Heavier objects fall faster

than lighter objects.
VERTICAL MOTION

An object should fall with

downward acceleration
that is constant and
independent of its
a weight.

Both objects will hit the

ground at the same rate.
 VERTICAL MOTION
GALILEO GALILEI is known for his style or
approach to science such as idealization,
simplification, and mathematization of theory or
theories that have testable consequences and
experiments to test theoretical predictions.

Galileo’s analysis of falling objects used an

idealized and simplified cases. He postulated that
all objects would fall with the SAME CONSTANT
ACCELERATION in the absence of air or other
Father of Modern Science resistance.
VERTICAL MOTION
Experiment shows that Galileo’s
assumptions are correct. If the
effects of air is neglected, all
objects at a particular location
fall with the same downward a
acceleration, regardless of its
size or weight having a constant
acceleration.
VERTICAL MOTION

Idealized motion that results

under all of these assumptions is
called

FREE FALL
 VERTICAL MOTION FREE FALL
Suppose we drop a feather and a rock at the same height
and at the same time in an air filled and evacuated tube.
a rock and a
a rock and
feather in
a feather in
an air-filled
a vacuum
tube

Considering air Neglecting air

resistance, the two resistance, the
objects will not fall objects will fall at
at the same rate. the same rate.
 VERTICAL MOTION FREE FALL
Air acts as a resistance to VERY LIGHT OBJECTS that have a LARGE
SURFACE AREA but in many circumstances, air resistance is negligible.

You hold a piece of

The force exerted
paper horizontally
by the air is much
in one hand and a
greater compare
ball in the other.
to the weight of
You release both
the paper.
objects at the same
height and time.
 VERTICAL MOTION FREE FALL
Air acts as a resistance to VERY LIGHT OBJECTS that have a LARGE
SURFACE AREA but in many circumstances, air resistance is negligible.

smaller
surface
area You crumple the paper
and repeat the
Air resistance is experiment by releasing
significantly small that both objects at the same
we can almost neglect height and time.
its effects to both
objects.
VERTICAL MOTION
STROBOSCOPIC PHOTOGRAPH OF A
FREE FALLING OBJECT
The velocity of the ball is continuously changing and it
is accelerating downward.

At a given location on the

Earth and in the absence
of air resistance, all objects
fall with the SAME
CONSTANT
ACCELERATION.
VERTICAL MOTION
STROBOSCOPIC PHOTOGRAPH OF A
FREE FALLING OBJECT
The velocity of the ball is continuously changing and it is
accelerating downward.

The distance covered

by a falling object is
increasing
proportional to the
square of the time.
VERTICAL MOTION
North
Upward ACCELERATION
+ y-axis
( The magnitude of the velocity is INCREASING /
SPEEDING UP)

The directions of the acceleration and the object’s

velocity are the SAME.

Direction of the Velocity

Direction of Acceleration

NEGATIVE Velocity NEGATIVE Acceleration

-v -g
South
Downward
- y-axis
VERTICAL MOTION
North
Upward DECELERATION
+ y-axis
( The magnitude of the velocity is DECREASING /
SLOWING DOWN )

The directions of the acceleration and the object’s

Direction of the Velocity
velocity are OPPOSITE to each other.

Direction of Acceleration

POSITIVE Velocity NEGATIVE Acceleration

+v -g
South
Downward
- y-axis
 VERTICAL MOTION
North North
Upward Up
+ y-axis + y-axis

ACCELERATION DECELERATION
POSITIVE Velocity
+v

NEGATIVE Velocity
-v NEGATIVE Acceleration
-g
NEGATIVE Acceleration
-g

South South
Downward Down
- y-axis - y-axis
VERTICAL MOTION
KINEMATIC EQUATIONS IN
VERTICAL MOTION
KINEMATIC EQUATIONS IN
 vf = vi + at
HORIZONTAL MOTION
vf = vi + (-g)t
vf = vi - gt
 vf = vi + at 1
 d = vit + at²
1 2
 d = v it + at² 1
d = vit + (-g)t²
2 2

 vf ² = vi² + 2ad d = vit -

1
2
gt²
 vf ² = vi² + 2ad
vf ² = vi² + 2(-g)d
vf ² = vi² - 2gd
VERTICAL MOTION

KINEMATIC EQUATIONS IN KINEMATIC EQUATIONS IN

HORIZONTAL MOTION VERTICAL MOTION

 vf = vi + at  vf = vi - gt
1 1
 d = vi t + at² d = vit - gt²
2 2
 vf ² = vi² + 2ad  vf ² = vi² - 2gd
VERTICAL MOTION

KINEMATIC EQUATIONS IN
VERTICAL MOTION

VELOCITY  vf = vi - gt
after the object dropped
1
LOCATION/POSITION d = vit - gt²
after the object dropped 2
 vf ² = vi² - 2gd
VERTICAL MOTION

FREE-FALL
Is a motion of a body where gravity is the
only force acting upon it.

ACCELERATION DUE TO THE GRAVITY

- 9.8 m/s²
9.8 m/s², downward
VERTICAL MOTION

BURJ AL ARAB
Height: 321 m

HELIPAD
210 m high above sea level.
VERTICAL MOTION
When you drop an object, its
initial velocity is 0.

VELOCITY LOCATION/POSITION
after the object dropped after the object dropped
1
vf = vi – gt d = vit - gt²
2
vf = (0) – gt 1
d = (0)t - gt²
vf = - gt 2
1
d = - gt²
2
VERTICAL MOTION

VELOCITY and POSITION of the object at t = 1 s

vf = - gt
1st second vf = - (9.8m/s²)(1s)
vf = - 9.80 m/s
df = - 4.90 m vf = - 9.8 m/s
vf = 9.80 m/s, downward
1
d = - gt²
2
210.00 m – 4.90 m 1
d = - (9.8m/s²)(1 s)²
2
d = - (4.9m/s²)(1 s²)
205.10 m
Relative to the ground
d = - 4.90 m
d = 4.90 m
VERTICAL MOTION

VELOCITY and POSITION of the object at t = 2 s

vf = - gt
vf = - (9.8m/s²)(2 s)
1s
2nd second
vf = - 19.6 m/s
2s vf = - 19.60 m/s
df = -19.60 m vf = 19.60 m/s, downward
1
d = - gt²
2
210.00 m – 19.60 m 1
d = - (9.8m/s²)(2 s)²
2
d = - (4.9m/s²)(4 s²)
190.40 m
Relative to the ground
d = - 19.60 m
d = 19.60 m
VERTICAL MOTION

VELOCITY and POSITION of the object at t = 3 s

vf = - gt
vf = - (9.8m/s²)(3 s)
1s
2s
vf = - 29.4 m/s
3rd second vf = 29.40 m/s, downward
3s vf = - 29.40 m/s
df = - 44.10 m 1
d = - gt²
2
210.00 m – 44.10 m 1
d = - (9.8m/s²)(3s)²
2
d = - (4.9m/s²)(9 s²)
165.9 m
d = - 44.10 m
Relative to the ground
d = 44.10 m
VERTICAL MOTION SAMPLE PROBLEM 1

vi
A ball is dropped from a building and
vmax = 0 m/s
reached the ground at 4.0 s. What is
the height of the building?

t = 4.0 s Given: vi = 0 m/s (velocity at maximum height (v

max))

t = 4.0 s
g = 9.8 m/s2

Required: d (height of the building)

 VERTICAL MOTION SAMPLE PROBLEM 1

A ball is dropped from a building and reached the ground at 4.0 s. What is the height
of the building?

Given: vi = 0 m/s (vmax)

t = 4.0 s
g = 9.8 m/s2
 vf = vi - gt
1
Required: d (height of the building) d = vit - gt²
2
1  vf ² = vi² - 2gd
Equation: d = vit - gt²
2
 VERTICAL MOTION SAMPLE PROBLEM 1

A ball is dropped from a building and reached the ground at 4.0 s. What is the height
of the building?

1 1
Equation: d = vit - gt² Solution: d = − gt²
2 2
1
d = (0)t - gt² d=−
1
(9.8
m
)(4.0 s)²
2 2 s²
1
d=− gt² 1 m
2 d=− (9.8 )(16.0 s²)
2 s²
d = - 78.4 m
78.40 m
Answer: 78.40 m, downward
 VERTICAL MOTION SAMPLE PROBLEM 2

A person throws a ball upward into the air

with an initial velocity of 17.0 m/s.
vmax = 0 m/s
a. How much time it takes the ball to
reach the maximum height?

b. How long the ball is in the air

before it comes back to the person’s
hand?
vi = 17.0 m/s
c. What is the velocity of the ball
when it returns to the thrower’s
hand?
 VERTICAL MOTION SAMPLE PROBLEM 2 - A
vf
A person throws a ball upward into the air with
an initial velocity of 17.0 m/s. vmax = 0 m/s

t= ?
a. How much time does the ball take
to reach the maximum height?
Given: vi = 17.0 m/s
g = 9.8 m/s2
vf = 0 (vmax)

vi = 17.0 m/s
Required: tmax (at the maximum height)
 VERTICAL MOTION SAMPLE PROBLEM 2 - A

A person throws a ball upward into the air with

an initial velocity of 17.0 m/s.

a. How much time does the ball take

to reach the maximum height?
Given: vi = 17.0 m/s  vf = vi - gt
vf = 0 m/s (at max height)
g = 9.8 m/s2 1
d = vit - gt²
2
Required: tmax (at the maximum height)  vf ² = vi² - 2gd
Equation: vf = vi - gt
 VERTICAL MOTION SAMPLE PROBLEM 2 - A

A person throws a ball upward into the air with

an initial velocity of 17.0 m/s.
a. How much time does the ball take to
reach the maximum height?
vf = vi - gt
Given: vi = 17.0 m/s
vf = 0 m/s (at max height) 0 = vi - gt
g = 9.8 m/s2
[ - v = - gt ] -
i
1
g

Required: tmax (at the maximum height) − vi − gt

=
−g −g
Equation: vf = vi - gt vi
vi t=
tmax = g
g
 VERTICAL MOTION SAMPLE PROBLEM 2 - A

A person throws a ball upward into the air with

an initial velocity of 17.0 m/s.
a. How much time does the ball take to
reach the maximum height?
vi
Given: vi = 17.0 m/s Solution: tmax =
g
vf = 0 m/s (at max height)
g = 9.8 m/s2 17.0 m/s
tmax = 9.8 m
s²
Required: tmax (at the maximum height)
tmax = 1.7346 s
Equation: vf = vi - gt Answer: 1.73 s
vi
tmax =
g
 VERTICAL MOTION SAMPLE PROBLEM 2 - A

vf

vmax = 0 m/s
A person throws a ball upward into the air with
an initial velocity of 17.0 m/s.
tmax = 1.73 s

a. How much time does the ball take to reach

the maximum height?
t = 1.73 s

Answer: 1.73 s

vi = 17.0 m/s
 VERTICAL MOTION SAMPLE PROBLEM 2 - B

A person throws a ball upward into the air with

an initial velocity of 17.0 m/s. +y
vmax = 0 m/s
b. How long the ball is in the air before it comes
back to the person’s hand?
Given: vi = 17.0 m/s
vmax = 0 m/s (at max height) t = 1.73 s
g = 9.8 m/s2
d = 0 m (displacement)
diy = 0 dfy = 0
Required: ttot (total time of flight)
vi = 17.0 m/s
- y-axis
 VERTICAL MOTION SAMPLE PROBLEM 2 - B

A person throws a ball upward into the air with

an initial velocity of 17.0 m/s.
b. How long the ball is in the air before it comes
back to the person’s hand?
Given: vi = 17.0 m/s
vmax = 0 m/s (at max height)  vf = vi - gt
g = 9.8 m/s2
1
d = 0 m (displacement) d = vit - gt²
2
Required: ttot (total time of flight)
 vf ² = vi² - 2gd
1
Equation: d = vit - 2 gt²
 VERTICAL MOTION SAMPLE PROBLEM 2 - B

A person throws a ball upward into the air with

an initial velocity of 17.0 m/s.
b. How long the ball is in the air before it comes
back to the person’s hand?
1
0 = vit - 2gt² 2vit t²
= t
Given: vi = 17.0 m/s gt
vmax = 0 m/s (at max height)
g = 9.8 m/s2
[ 1
- vit = - gt²
2 ] -2 2vi
g
=t
d = 0 m (displacement) [
2vit = gt² ] 1
g
ttot=
2 vi
g
Required: t (total time of flight) 2vit gt²
g
= g
ttot = 2tmax
Equation: d
1
= vit - 2 gt² [ 2vit
g
= t² ] 1
t
 VERTICAL MOTION SAMPLE PROBLEM 2 - B

A person throws a ball upward into the air with

an initial velocity of 17.0 m/s.
b. How long the ball is in the air before it comes
back to the person’s hand?
Given: vi = 17.0 m/s Solution:
vmax = 0 m/s (at max height) 2vi
ttot = ttot = 2tmax
g = 9.8 m/s2 g

d = 0 m (displacement) ttot = 2 (1.7346 s)

2 (17.0 m/s)
ttot =
9.8 m ttot = 3.469 𝑠
Required: t (total time of flight) s²
34.0m/s ttot = 𝟑. 𝟒𝟕 𝒔
ttot = m
1 9.8
Equation: d = vit - gt² s²
2
2 vi ttot = 3.4694 𝑠
ttot= or ttot = 2tmax
g
ttot = 𝟑. 𝟒𝟕 𝒔
 VERTICAL MOTION SAMPLE PROBLEM 2 - C

A person throws a ball upward into the air with

an initial velocity of 17.0 m/s.
vmax = 0 m/s
c. What is the velocity of the ball when it
returns to the thrower’s hand?

Given: vi = 17.0 m/s

vmax = 0 m/s t = 1.73 s ttot = 𝟑. 𝟒𝟕 𝒔
g = 9.8 m/s2
tmax = 1.73 s
ttot = 3.47 s

vi = 17.0 m/s vf = __________

Required: vf

Equation: vf = vi - gt
 VERTICAL MOTION SAMPLE PROBLEM 2 – C1

A person throws a ball upward into the air with CASE 1: using vi = 17.0 m/s as your
initial velocity
an initial velocity of 17.0 m/s.
c. What is the velocity of the ball when it
returns to the thrower’s hand?

Given: vi = 17.0 m/s

g = 9.8 m/s2 ttot = 3.47 s
ttot = 3.47 s

Required: vf

vi = 17.0 m/s vf = __________

Equation: vf = vi - gt
 VERTICAL MOTION SAMPLE PROBLEM 2 – C1

A person throws a ball upward into the air with CASE 1: using vi = 17.0 m/s as your
initial velocity
an initial velocity of 17.0 m/s.
c. What is the velocity of the ball when it
returns to the thrower’s hand?

Given: vi = 17.0 m/s

g = 9.8 m/s2  vf = vi - gt
ttot = 3.47 s
1
Required: vf
 d = vit - gt²
2
Equation: vf = vi - gt  vf ² = vi² - 2gd
 VERTICAL MOTION SAMPLE PROBLEM 2 – C1

A person throws a ball upward into the air with CASE 1: using vi = 17.0 m/s as your
initial velocity
an initial velocity of 17.0 m/s.
c. What is the velocity of the ball when it
returns to the thrower’s hand?

Given: vi = 17.0 m/s Solution: vf = vi – gt

g = 9.8 m/s2 m
ttot = 3.47 s vf = 17.0 m/s – (9.8 )(3.47 s)
s²

Required: vf vf = 17.0 m/s – 34.00 m/s

vf = -17.00 m/s
Equation: vf = vi - gt
vf = -17.00 m/s
Answer: 17.00 m/s, downward
 VERTICAL MOTION SAMPLE PROBLEM 2 – C2

A person throws a ball upward into the air with CASE 2: using vmax = 0 m/s as your
initial velocity
an initial velocity of 17.0 m/s.
vmax = 0 m/s
vi
c. What is the velocity of the ball when it
returns to the thrower’s hand?

Given: vi = 0 m/s (vmax )

g = 9.8 m/s2 t = 1.73 s
tmax = 1.73 s

Required: vf
vf = __________
 VERTICAL MOTION SAMPLE PROBLEM 2 – C2

A person throws a ball upward into the air with CASE 2: using vmax = 0 m/s as your
initial velocity
an initial velocity of 17.0 m/s.
c. What is the velocity of the ball when it
returns to the thrower’s hand?

Given: vi = 0 m/s (vmax )

g = 9.8 m/s2  vf = vi - gt
tmax = 1.73 s
1
Required: vf
 d = vit - gt²
2
Equation: vf = vi - gt  vf ² = vi² - 2gd
 VERTICAL MOTION SAMPLE PROBLEM 2 – C2

A person throws a ball upward into the air with CASE 2: using vmax = 0 m/s as your
initial velocity
an initial velocity of 17.0 m/s.
c. What is the velocity of the ball when it
returns to the thrower’s hand?

Given: vmax = 0 m/s  vi Solution: vf = vi – gt

g = 9.8 m/s2 m
tmax = 1.73 s vf = 0 m/s– (9.8 )(1.73 s)
s²
vf = 0 m/s – 16.954 m/s
Required: vf
vf = – 16.954 m/s
Equation: vf = vi - gt vf = -17.0 m/s
Answer: 17.00 m/s, downward
 VERTICAL MOTION SAMPLE PROBLEM 3

A ball is thrown vertically up with an initial

vmax = 0 m/s
velocity of 5.8 m/s from the top of a building. The
height of the building is 68 m. After reaching a
certain height, it goes straight to the ground.
vi = 5.8 m/s
a.What is the ball’s maximum height
relative to the ground?
b.What is the ball’s time as it reaches
the maximum height?
h = 68 m
c. What is the ball’s total time in air
from the top of the building until it
reaches the ground?
 VERTICAL MOTION SAMPLE PROBLEM 3

vf A ball is thrown vertically up with an initial

vmax = 0 m/s
velocity of 5.8 m/s from the top of a building. The
height of the building is 68 m. After reaching a certain
h= ? height, it goes straight to the ground.
vi = 5.8 m/s
a. What is the ball’s maximum height relative to
the ground?

Given: vi = 5.8 m/s

vf = 0 m/s (vmax)
h = 68 m
g = 9.8 m/s2
 VERTICAL MOTION SAMPLE PROBLEM 3

vf A ball is thrown vertically up with an initial

vmax = 0 m/s
velocity of 5.8 m/s from the top of a building. The
height of the building is 68 m. After reaching a certain
h= ? height, it goes straight to the ground.
vi = 5.8 m/s
a. What is the ball’s maximum height relative to
the ground?
Given: vi = 5.8 m/s
vf = 0 m/s (vmax)  vf = vi - gt
g = 9.8 m/s2
1
h = 68 m Required: dmax (maximum height
relative to the rooftop)  d = vit - gt²
2
Equation: vf² = vi² − 2gd
 vf ² = vi² - 2gd
 VERTICAL MOTION SAMPLE PROBLEM 3

A ball is thrown vertically up with an initial velocity of 5.8 m/s

vf vmax = 0 m/s from the top of a building. The height of the building is 68 m. After
reaching a certain height, it goes straight to the ground.

h= ?
a. What is the ball’s maximum height relative to the
vi = 5.8 m/s ground?
vf² = vi² - 2gd
0 = vi² - 2gd
Given: vi = 5.8 m/s 1
vf = 0 m/s (vmax) [ - vi² = - 2gd ] − 2g
g = 9.8 m/s2
−vi² − 2gd
=
h = 68 m Required: dmax (maximum height − 2g − 2g
relative to the rooftop)
vi² vi²
= d d=
Equation: vf² = vi² − 2gd 2g 2g
v²
d= i
2g
 VERTICAL MOTION SAMPLE PROBLEM 3
A ball is thrown vertically up with an initial velocity of 5.8 m/s
from the top of a building. The height of the building is 68 m. After
reaching a certain height, it goes straight to the ground.

a. What is the ball’s maximum height relative to the

ground?
vi ²
Given: vi = 5.8 m/s Solution: dmax =
2𝑔
vf = 0 m/s (vmax)
(5.8 m/s)2
g = 9.8 m/s2 dmax =
2 (9.8 )
m
s²
Required: dmax (maximum height 33.64 m2/s2
relative to the rooftop) dmax = m
19.6
s²
Equation: vf² =vi² − 2gd dmax =1.72 m
v²
d= i Answer: dmax =1.72 m, Upward (relative to the
2g
rooftop)
 VERTICAL MOTION SAMPLE PROBLEM 3

A ball is thrown vertically up with an initial velocity of 5.8 m/s

vf vmax = 0 m/s from the top of a building. The height of the building is 68 m. After
reaching a certain height, it goes straight to the ground.
h = 1.72 m
a. What is the ball’s maximum height relative to the
vi = 5.8 m/s ground?
Maximum height relative to the ground.

dground-to-max = drooftop-max + d(height of the building)

dground-to-max = 1.72m + 68 m
h = 68 m
dground-to-max = 69.72m

69.72m relative to the ground

 VERTICAL MOTION SAMPLE PROBLEM 3

A ball is thrown vertically up with an initial velocity of 5.8 m/s

vf vmax = 0 m/s from the top of a building. The height of the building is 68 m. After
reaching a certain height, it goes straight to the ground.
h = 1.72 m
b. What is the ball’s time as it reaches the
vi = 5.8 m/s
maximum height?

Given: vi = 5.8 m/s

vf = 0 m/s
g = 9.8 m/s2
(vmax)  vf = vi - gt
1
h = 68 m
Required: tmax (maximum height relative to the
rooftop)
 d = vit - gt²
2
Equation: vf = vi − gt  vf ² = vi² - 2gd
 VERTICAL MOTION SAMPLE PROBLEM 3

A ball is thrown vertically up with an initial velocity of 5.8 m/s

vf vmax = 0 m/s from the top of a building. The height of the building is 68 m. After
reaching a certain height, it goes straight to the ground.
h = 1.72 m
b. What is the ball’s time as it reaches the
vi = 5.8 m/s
maximum height?
vf = vi - gt
Given: vi = 5.8 m/s 0 = vi - gt
vmax = 0 m/s  vf
g = 9.8 m/s2 1
[ - vi = - gt ]
−g
Required: tmax (maximum height relative to the − vi − gt
h = 68 m rooftop) =
−g −g
vi
tmax =
Equation: vf = vi – gt vi g
g
=t
v
tmax = i
g
 VERTICAL MOTION SAMPLE PROBLEM 3
A ball is thrown vertically up with an initial velocity of 5.8 m/s
from the top of a building. The height of the building is 68 m. After
reaching a certain height, it goes straight to the ground.

b. What is the ball’s time as it reaches the

maximum height?
Given: vi = 5.8 m/s Solution:
vi
tmax =
vmax = 0 m/s  vf g
g = 9.8 m/s2 5.8 m/s
tmax = m
Required: dmax (maximum height 9.8
s²
relative to the rooftop)

tmax = 0.59 𝑠
Equation: vf = vi − gt
vi Answer: tmax = 𝟎. 𝟓𝟗 𝒔
tmax = g
 VERTICAL MOTION SAMPLE PROBLEM 3

A ball is thrown vertically up with an initial velocity of 5.8 m/s

vf vmax = 0 m/s from the top of a building. The height of the building is 68 m. After
reaching a certain height, it goes straight to the ground.
h = 1.72 m
t = 0.59 s b. What is the ball’s time as it reaches the
vi = 5.8 m/s
maximum height?

Answer: tmax = 𝟎. 𝟓𝟗 𝒔

h = 68 m
 VERTICAL MOTION SAMPLE PROBLEM 3
vi
A ball is thrown vertically up with an initial velocity of 5.8 m/s
vmax = 0 m/s from the top of a building. The height of the building is 68 m. After
reaching a certain height, it goes straight to the ground.
h = 1.72 m
t = 0.59 s c. What is the ball’s total time in air from the top of
vi = 5.8 m/s the building until it reaches the ground?

t= ? ttot = t(upward) + t(downward)

h = 68 m
 VERTICAL MOTION SAMPLE PROBLEM 3
vi
A ball is thrown vertically up with an initial velocity of 5.8 m/s
vmax = 0 m/s from the top of a building. The height of the building is 68 m. After
reaching a certain height, it goes straight to the ground.
h = 1.72 m
t = 0.59 s c. What is the ball’s total time in air from the top of
vi = 5.8 m/s the building until it reaches the ground?
ttot = t(upward) + t(downward)
Given: vi = 0 m/s (vmax)
g = 9.8 m/s
t = 2?  vf = vi - gt
d = - 69.72 m
1
h = 68 m Required: t (downward)
d = vit - gt²
1
2
Equation: d = vit - gt²
2
 vf ² = vi² - 2gd
 VERTICAL MOTION SAMPLE PROBLEM 3
vi
A rock is thrown vertically up with an initial velocity of 5.8 m/s
vmax = 0 m/s from the top of a building. The height of the building is 68 m. After
reaching a certain height, it goes straight to the ground.
h = 1.72 m
t = 0.59 s c. What is the rock’s total time in air from the top of
vi = 5.8 m/s the building until it reaches the ground?

1
d = vit - gt²
2
Given: vmax = 0 m/s  vi 1
g = 9.8 m/s2t = ? d = (0)t - 2 gt² −2d
d = - 69.72 m g
= t²
1
[ d = - gt² ] − 2
Required: t (downward) 2
h = 68 m 1 −2d
[ -2d = gt² ] = t2
1 g g
Equation: d = vit - gt²
2 −2d gt²
−2d = t=
−2d
t= g g g
g
 VERTICAL MOTION SAMPLE PROBLEM 3

A ball is thrown vertically up with an initial velocity of 5.8 m/s

from the top of a building. The height of the building is 68 m. After
reaching a certain height, it goes straight to the ground.

c. What is the ball’s total time in air from the top of

the building until it reaches the ground?

−2d
Given: vmax = 0 m/s  vi Solution: t=
g
g = 9.8 m/s2
d = - 69.72 m −2 (−69.7 m)
t= m
9.8
Required: ttot (total time of flight) s²

Equation:
1
d = vit - 2 gt² t = 3.77 𝑠
time taken from
2d Answer: t = 𝟑. 𝟕𝟕 𝒔 maximum height
t= −g to the ground
 VERTICAL MOTION SAMPLE PROBLEM 3
vi
A ball is thrown vertically up with an initial velocity of 5.8 m/s
vmax = 0 m/s from the top of a building. The height of the building is 68 m. After
reaching a certain height, it goes straight to the ground.
h = 1.72 m
t = 0.59 s c. What is the ball’s total time in air from the top of
vi = 5.8 m/s the building until it reaches the ground?

ttot = t(upward) + t(downward)

t = 3.77 s ttot = 0.59 s + 3.77 s

h = 68 m ttot = 4.36 s

Answer: t = 𝟒. 𝟑𝟔 𝒔
 SEATWORK
1.A stone is thrown vertically up with an initial velocity of 4.90 m/s
from the top of the building that is 52.0 m high. On its way down, it
misses the top of the building and goes straight to the ground. Find:
a. the maximum height of the stone relative to the top of the
building;
b.the maximum height of the stone relative to the ground;
c. the time taken reaching the maximum height;
d.the time of flight or the total time in the air; and
e. the velocity of the stone just before it hits the ground.