Writing Task 2 (280 words-13 sentences)

I. STRUCTURE

Introduction:
1. It is argued that …
2. While disadvantages(drawbacks, advantageous aspects, factors, detrimental, effects) such as A and B, I concur
with those who maintain(believe, contend) that…including A and D.
Body 1:
3. To commence with, there are two major(primary) benefits associated with this phenomenon(trend, habit).
4. Chief among this is that A…
5. Indeed(In fact, For instance) (Science students, for instance, should…). This(Recent) data has shown that… by
V-ing + N, S(same to the first sentence(Ex: By equipping students with soft skills, the government(educators,
officials, authorities) could have access to more employment opportunities))
+ Not only…but also
+ When, As…., SV…
+ With + N, SV, Had S…, SV
+ SV providing that(provided that); SV(V-ing, SV, which, SV that(which))
6. Additional(Furthermore, Moreover)
7. = 5
Body 2:
8. Despite the aforementioned benefits, (the drawbacks are way more substantial), encompassing C and D.
9. Pertaining to the former, C
10. =5
11. Regarding the latter, D
12. =5
Conclusion
13. In conclusion, although A and B, I contend that C and D are more significant.

II. VERB STRUCTURES

1. To cause sb to do sth(to make sb do sth) (yêu cầu)

2. To provide sb with sth(To provide sth for sb)
3. Regarding(pertaining to, concerning, with regard to)
4. associated with
5. To maintain(contend, believe) that
6. To be considered(to be regarded as, to be deemed, to be viewed as)
7. To help sb (to) do sth(to facilitate N)
8. To succumb to
9. To pursue tertiary education
10. To alleviate(to mitigate) ≠ to exacerbate(to aggravate, to deteriorate)
11. To enhance(boost, bolster, promote)
12. To hone(to sharpen, to master, to enhance) skills
13. To be concerned one of the major(primary) culprits
14. Obese(mental) disorder
15. To boost immune system
16. To face(suffer) from: financial instability(financial difficulties, unstable finance)
17. An increasingly competitive employment(labor, job market)

III. NOUN STRUCTURE

1. Teachers(educators, instructors, academics
2. Children(people (who are) aged from 5 to 13, young people, school children, youngsters, young individuals)
3. Old people(senior citizens, the elderly, the elderly people)
4. Hypertension(cardiovascular disease, asthma, myopia obesity)
5. The advancement(advance of technology, technological advancements, advances) (Modern, emerging, cutting-
edge, state-of-the-art technologies)

IV. SENTENCES STRUCTURE

"accuse somebody of doing something" or equivalent high-level structures:

 a) Environmental activists have accused large corporations of polluting the oceans through irresponsible
waste disposal practices
b) The government was criticized for failing to address the housing crisis/shortage, with many claiming it had
neglected the needs of low-income families.
"take responsibility for" or equivalent high-level structures:
a) Governments must take responsibility for addressing climate change by implementing stricter
environmental policies and promoting renewable energy sources.
b) As a leader, one must assume full responsibility for both the successes and failures of the team to foster
trust and accountability.
"excessive consumption" or "consume excessively" or equivalent high-level structures:
a) Excessive consumption of processed foods high in sugar and fat has been directly linked to the rising rates
of obesity and heart disease globally.
b) The overconsumption of natural resources, such as water and fossil fuels, is contributing to environmental
degradation and threatening the planet’s future.
"to rely heavily on" or equivalent high-level structures:
a) Many developing countries rely heavily on foreign aid to fund essential infrastructure projects and
improve living standards for their citizens.
b) Modern economies are highly dependent on technological innovations to drive productivity and maintain
global competitiveness.
"to play a pivotal role in V-ing(noun)"
1. Education plays a pivotal role in shaping individuals' future prospects, as it equips them with the skills and
knowledge required to succeed in a competitive job market.
2. Technological advancements have played a pivotal role in improving healthcare, enabling early detection of
diseases and more effective treatments.
"to get(gain, have) access to"
1. In many developing countries, gaining access to quality education remains a significant challenge, especially for
children in rural areas.
2. Having access to reliable healthcare is a fundamental human right that plays a crucial role in improving life
expectancy and overall well-being.
"to equip somebody with something"
1. A well-rounded education equips students with critical thinking skills, enabling them to solve complex problems
both in their personal and professional lives.
2. Vocational training programs are designed to arm individuals with practical skills, which significantly enhance
their employability in a competitive job market.
"to struggle make their ends meet(have difficulty in doing something)"
1. In many parts of the world, low-income families struggle to make ends meet, despite working multiple jobs to
cover basic necessities.
2. With the rising cost of living, many individuals find it increasingly difficult to sustain their livelihoods on
minimum wage salaries.
"to allow(enable) somebody to do something" or equivalent high-level structures
1. Technological advancements allow students to access educational resources from anywhere in the world,
fostering a more inclusive learning environment.
2. The new government policy enables low-income families to afford basic healthcare, significantly improving their
quality of life.
", irrespective of(, regardless of)" or equivalent high-level structures
1. All citizens should have equal access to healthcare, irrespective of their socio-economic background, as it is a
fundamental human right.
2. Many companies are now hiring employees based on their skills and experience, regardless of their educational
qualifications.
"to raise people's awareness" or equivalent high-level structures
1. Governments should launch nationwide campaigns to raise public awareness about the environmental impact of
plastic waste and promote sustainable alternatives.
2. Non-profit organizations play a crucial role in heightening people’s awareness of human rights issues in
underdeveloped regions.
"to be prone(vulnerable, susceptible) to" or equivalent high-level structures
1. Individuals with poor dietary habits are prone to developing chronic health conditions such as obesity and
diabetes over time.
2. Urban areas with inadequate drainage systems are more susceptible to flooding, especially during heavy rainfall
and extreme weather events.
"burden" or equivalent high-level structures
1. The rising cost of living has placed a significant financial burden on low-income families, making it difficult for
them to afford basic necessities.
2. Governments must find ways to reduce the tax burden on small businesses to encourage economic growth and
entrepreneurship.
"to take something into consideration(account)" or equivalent high-level structures
1. When developing urban infrastructure, governments must take environmental sustainability into consideration
to ensure long-term benefits for future generations.
2. Employers should factor in employees' work-life balance when designing workplace policies to enhance overall
productivity and job satisfaction.
"to widen one's social circle" or equivalent high-level structures
1. Studying abroad provides an excellent opportunity for students to widen their social circle, exposing them to
diverse cultures and perspectives.
2. Attending professional networking events allows individuals to expand their social network, which can be
beneficial for career advancement.
"to be(fall) prey to" or equivalent high-level structures
1. Many young people fall prey to the allure of fast fashion, unaware of the environmental and ethical
consequences of their purchasing habits.
2. Without proper financial literacy, individuals are likely to become victims of predatory lending practices, which
can trap them in long-term debt.
"to resort to" or equivalent high-level structures
1. In the face of financial hardship, many people are forced to resort to taking out high interest loans, which often
exacerbate their debt situation.
2. When peaceful negotiations fail, countries sometimes resort to military action, despite the devastating
consequences for both sides.
"to be subject to" or equivalent high-level structures
1. International trade agreements are often subject to lengthy negotiations, as both parties seek to protect their
economic interests.
2. Employees in high-pressure jobs are frequently subjected to intense stress, which can negatively affect their
mental and physical health.
"to suffer from" or equivalent high-level structures
1. In many urban areas, residents suffer from poor air quality, which has been linked to a rise in respiratory
illnesses and other health issues.
2. People living in poverty are often afflicted by malnutrition and a lack of access to clean water, leading to
widespread preventable diseases.
"to lead(adopt, pursue) a sedentary lifestyle" or equivalent high-level structures
1. In modern society, an increasing number of people lead a sedentary lifestyle, which has been linked to a rise in
obesity and cardiovascular diseases.
2. Office jobs that require long hours in front of a computer often cause employees to adopt a sedentary way of life,
contributing to various health issues like back pain and poor posture.
"To be more likely(have a tendency to do sth, to be inclined to do sth, to be more likely to, tend to do sth, could,
would, may)" or equivalent high-level structures
1. People who live in urban areas have a tendency to lead more stressful lives due to the fast-paced environment
and constant pressure of work.
2. Younger generations tend to favor digital communication methods, such as texting and social media, over face-
to-face interactions.
"to broaden(deepen, expand) one's knowledge" or equivalent high-level structures
1. Traveling to different countries offers a valuable opportunity to broaden one’s knowledge of diverse cultures
and global perspectives.
2. Pursuing higher education allows students to expand their understanding of specialized subjects, equipping
them for more advanced career paths.
"to keep one updated" or equivalent high-level structures
1. Subscribing to reputable news outlets is essential to keep oneself updated on current events and developments
around the world.
2. Professionals in rapidly evolving industries must engage in continuous learning to stay informed about the latest
trends and technologies.
"to land a decent job" or equivalent high-level structures
1. Graduating from a prestigious university often increases one's chances of securing a decent job in a competitive
job market.
2. Acquiring relevant work experience through internships or volunteer opportunities is crucial to obtain a
respectable position in any industry.
"have a lot on somebody's plate" or equivalent formal phrases
1. University students often find themselves with a lot on their plate, balancing coursework, part-time jobs, and
extracurricular activities.
2. Working parents frequently shoulder multiple responsibilities, leaving them little time for leisure or personal
development.
"have enough on somebody's plate"
1. She declined the additional project, explaining that she already had enough on her plate with her current
responsibilities.
2. Parents with young children often have enough on their plate without taking on extra commitments.
"prioritize," "priority," or equivalent formal phrases
1. In today’s competitive world, it is essential for individuals to prioritize their mental health alongside their
professional commitments.
2. Governments must place a high priority on improving public transport systems to reduce traffic congestion and
air pollution.
"provided that/providing that" or equivalent high-level structures
1. Students are more likely to succeed academically provided that they receive adequate support from their
teachers and access to learning resources.
2. The government will invest in renewable energy projects providing that they are proven to be cost-effective and
environmentally sustainable.
"Not only...but also" or equivalent high-level structures
1. Not only does regular exercise improve physical health, but it also enhances mental wellbeing by reducing stress
and anxiety.
2. Not only have technological advancements revolutionized communication, but they have also transformed the
way we work and access information.
if" or equivalent high-level structures
1. Were the government to invest more in renewable energy, it would significantly reduce the country's carbon
footprint and reliance on fossil fuels.
2. Had I known about the benefits of learning a second language earlier, I would have started studying it in my
childhood.
"to commit a crime" or equivalent high-level structures
1. Individuals often commit crimes out of desperation, particularly when they lack access to basic resources and
opportunities for legitimate employment.
2. Many experts argue that socioeconomic factors play a crucial role in determining the likelihood of someone
engaging in criminal behavior.
"to attribute to" or equivalent high-level structures
1. Researchers often attribute the rise in global temperatures to human activities, particularly the burning of fossil
fuels and deforestation.
2. The increased prevalence of mental health issues among adolescents can be attributed to factors such as social
media influence and academic pressure.
"to long for" or equivalent high-level structures
1. Many individuals long for a sense of belonging and community, especially in an increasingly disconnected and
digital world.
2. After years of hard work and dedication, she yearned for a well-deserved vacation to unwind and recharge her
batteries.
"to be intent on something/doing something" or equivalent high-level structures
1. Many young professionals are intent on building their careers in dynamic industries, seeking opportunities that
offer growth and advancement.
2. Governments should be focused on implementing policies that prioritize sustainable development to address
the pressing issue of climate change.
to be a/the key/way to doing something" or equivalent high-level structures
1. Education is the key to unlocking a brighter future, as it empowers individuals with the knowledge and skills
necessary for personal and professional success.
2. Implementing effective communication strategies is a crucial way to foster teamwork and collaboration within
organizations, leading to increased productivity.
"accustom to" or equivalent formal phrases:
1. With time, individuals often become accustomed to the fast-paced nature of urban living, despite its challenges.
2. Students who study abroad must adapt themselves to cultural differences and unfamiliar teaching methods.
"Let alone"
1. Many schools in underdeveloped areas(remote regions, isolated areas) struggle to provide students with (to
provide basic resources for students) basic resources, let alone advanced technological tools (the
advances(advancements) of technology(modern, cutting edge, state of-the-art, emerging technologies)).
2. Students in overcrowded classrooms often have difficulty receiving individual attention, let alone personalized
tutoring.
"For the sake of"
1. For the sake of students’ future success(future career), it is crucial that educational policies emphasize critical
thinking and problem-solving skills.
2. Teachers should receive ongoing professional development for the sake of improving their instructional
methods and student outcomes.
"be tantamount to":
1. Allowing students to skip fundamental subjects without proper assessment would be tantamount to neglecting
their overall education.
2. Failure to invest in renewable energy sources is tantamount to endorsing long-term environmental degradation.
"be attributed to":
1. The recent rise in unemployment can largely be attributed to automation and technological advancements in
various industries.
2. The improvement in student performance was attributed to the introduction of interactive learning methods
and personalized instruction.
collocations with "burden":
1. The financial burden of healthcare expenses is becoming increasingly difficult for middle-class families to bear.
2. Many young professionals feel the burden of student loans, which can delay their ability to save for the future.
"a means to an end" or equivalent formal phrases:
1. For many students, obtaining a degree is seen as a means to an end, providing them with better career
opportunities in the future.
2. Some people view long working hours as a necessary means to an end, enabling them to secure financial
stability for their families.
"dichotomy" or equivalent formal phrases:
1. The dichotomy between urban and rural lifestyles is often reflected in differences in access to education,
healthcare, and job opportunities.
2. There is a clear dichotomy in public opinion regarding the use of artificial intelligence, with some viewing it as a
tool for progress and others as a potential
threat.
"mitigate," "alleviate," or equivalent formal phrases:
1. Investing in renewable energy sources can significantly mitigate the impact of climate change on future
generations.
2. The government introduced subsidies to alleviate the financial burden on low-income families during the
economic downturn.
"exacerbate," "aggravate," or equivalent formal phrases:
1. The rise in greenhouse gas emissions continues to exacerbate the effects of climate change, leading to more
frequent natural disasters.
2. Social inequality can be further aggravated by poor access to healthcare and education, hindering opportunities
for upward mobility.
"deter somebody from doing something" or "deterrence":
1. Strict penalties for drug-related crimes are intended to deter individuals from engaging in illegal activities.
2. Public awareness campaigns can effectively deter young people from making risky decisions, such as smoking or
underage drinking.
"incentive" or "incentivize":
1. Government tax breaks serve as a strong incentive for companies to invest in renewable energy projects.
2. Employers often use bonuses as an incentive to motivate their staff to meet sales targets and enhance
productivity.
"do wonders for" or equivalent formal phrases
1. Regular physical exercise can do wonders for both mental and physical health, significantly improving overall
well-being.
2. Implementing flexible work policies could greatly benefit employee morale and productivity.
"be attributed to" or equivalent formal phrases:
1. The recent decline in air quality can largely be attributed to increased industrial activity and urbanization.
2. The success of the company is often attributed to its innovative approach and customer-focused strategies.
"be predicated on" or equivalent formal phrases:
1. The success of a sustainable economy is predicated on the adoption of green technologies and renewable energy
sources.
2. The effectiveness of any educational reform is largely predicated on the availability of well-trained teachers and
sufficient funding.
"by virtue of" or equivalent formal phrases:
1. By virtue of their extensive experience, senior employees are often entrusted with leadership roles in
organizations.
2. The city attracts a large number of tourists by virtue of its rich cultural heritage and historical landmarks.
"be conducive to" or equivalent formal phrases:
1. A quiet and organized workspace is highly conducive to productivity and concentration, particularly for remote
workers.
2. The implementation of flexible working hours can be conducive to improving employee morale and reducing
stress.
"insofar as" về chừng mực mà or equivalent formal phrases:
1. The policy has been effective insofar as it has reduced unemployment rates among young adults, though long-
term sustainability remains uncertain.
2. Education is valuable insofar as it equips individuals with the skills needed to navigate a rapidly changing job
market.
Formal phrases in IELTS writing:
1. Irrespective of – "Irrespective of economic background, all students should have access to quality education."
2. Resort to doing something – "When peaceful means fail, nations often resort to military intervention as a last resort."
3. Notwithstanding – "Notwithstanding the government's efforts, unemployment rates continue to rise."
4. Be conducive to – "A supportive learning environment is conducive to better academic performance."
5. In light of – "In light of recent environmental concerns, governments are shifting towards renewable energy policies."
6. Owing to – "Owing to the rapid advancement of technology, traditional industries are facing significant challenges."
7. Be attributed to – "The decline in public health can be largely attributed to poor dietary habits and lack of exercise."
8. With respect to – "With respect to education, investment in teacher training is essential for improving student outcomes."
9. To a large extent – "Economic growth is, to a large extent, dependent on a well-educated workforce."
10. Give rise to – "The lack of regulation in the housing market has given rise to a surge in property prices."
11. By virtue of – "By virtue of their experience, older employees often hold key positions in organizations."
12. Be tantamount to – "Refusing to address climate change is tantamount to ignoring the future of our planet."
13. In the absence of – "In the absence of proper funding, public services will continue to deteriorate."
14. Be subject to – "All imports are subject to rigorous safety inspections before entering the market."
15. In accordance with – "The project was completed in accordance with international safety standards."
16. By the same token – "By the same token, investing in renewable energy can boost economic growth while addressing
environmental concerns."
17. Insofar as – "The policy will be successful insofar as it addresses the root causes of unemployment."
18. For the sake of – "Governments must take immediate action for the sake of future generations."
19. A means to an end – "For many students, education is seen as a means to an end, rather than a pursuit of knowledge."
20. Be contingent upon – "The success of the project is contingent upon securing sufficient funding."
21. Take into account – "Policy-makers should take into account the social and economic implications of any decision."
22. On the grounds that – "The proposal was rejected on the grounds that it did not comply with environmental regulations."
23. In the event that – "In the event that negotiations fail, alternative solutions must be considered."
24. More often than not – "More often than not, it is the lack of infrastructure that hinders economic development in rural areas."
25. With a view to – "The government is implementing new policies with a view to reducing carbon emissions."
26. Bring about – "Improved healthcare systems can bring about a significant increase in life expectancy."
27. In lieu of – "In lieu of traditional methods, many companies are adopting digital solutions to enhance productivity."
28. Be predicated on – "Economic stability is often predicated on strong leadership and sound policies."
29. On the verge of – "The country is on the verge of becoming a global leader in technological innovation."
30. A stepping stone – "A solid education serves as a stepping stone to greater career opportunities."

Sample 1: Advertisements are becoming more and more common in everyday life. Is it a positive or negative development?
It is argued that the prevalence of advertisements in daily life is steadily increasing in the contemporary world. While ads
encourage customers to make impulsive purchases and exacerbate environmental pollution, I concur with those who maintain that
its benefits are more significant.
To commence with, there are two primary disadvantages associated with the growing prevalence of advertisements in daily life
has notable drawbacks, comprising fostering materialism and creating misinformation. Regarding the former, advertisements often
resort to promoting excessive consumption of goods, leading people to equate happiness with material possessions. This tendency
can make individuals, particularly the youth, susceptible to impulsive buying and financial instability, as they struggle to make their
ends meet for the sake of keeping up with trends. Concerning the latter, some advertisements exaggerate or misrepresent product
benefits, which can deceive consumers. Indeed, by prioritizing profits over transparency, companies may mislead buyers into
making regrettable purchases, undermining trust in businesses and tarnishing their reputations.
Despite the aforementioned drawbacks, encompassing they equip consumers with essential knowledge about products and
services. For example, audiences are exposed to detailed information regarding prices, features, and benefits, and advertisements
contribute to more informed purchasing decisions, which can do wonders for consumer confidence and satisfaction. Moreover,
another advantage of frequent advertisements is their role in driving economic growth by promoting businesses and creating
employment opportunities. Indeed, by providing companies with platforms to reach broader audiences, advertisements indirectly
stimulate demand, benefiting industries and workers alike, irrespective of their sector or scale.