CURRENT ELECTICITY

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS:

1. A wire has a non-uniform cross- section as shown in the figure. If a steady current is flowing
through it, then drift speed of the electrons:

a) is constant throughout the wire

b) decreases from A to B
c) increases from A to B
d) varies randomly
2. Consider the circuit shown in the figure. The current I3 is equal to

a) 5A b) 3A c) -3A d) -5/6 A

3. When a current I is setup in a wire of radius r the drift velocity is vd. If the same current is setup
through a wire of radius 2r, the drift velocity will be
a) 4vd b) 2vd c) vd/2 d) vd/4
4. If a voltmeter is connected in series combination of two cells of emf E1 and E2 (E1>E2),
balancing length is found to be 80cm, when the same cells are connected in opposite, new
balancing length is found to be 40 cm. The ratio of emf of the two cells (E1/E2) is
a) 1:2 b) 2:1 c) 1:3 d) 3:1
5. A galvanometer of resistance G together with an unknown resistance R in
series is connected across two identical batteries each of 1.5V and internal
resistance r. When the batteries are connected in series, the galvanometer
records a current of 1 A and when batteries are connected in parallel current
is 0.6A. The internal resistance r of the battery is
a) 3Ω b) 1/3Ω c) 2Ω d) 1/2Ω

6. To bulbs rated at (25W,110V) & (100W , 110V) are connected to a 220V

electric supply. If they are connected in series to the supply, then:
a) both the bulbs will fuse.
b) 25W bulb will fuse
c) 110W bulb will fuse
d) Neither 25W bulb or 100W bulb will fulse.
7. The given circuit is a part of an electrical circuit consisting of cells, resistors, and a capacitor C
in the steady state. The electrical energy stored in the capacitor.
a) 8X10-4 J b) 10X10-4 J c) 16X10-4J d) 20X10-4J

8) A cell having an emf E and internal resistance r is connected across a

variable external resistance R. As the resistance R is increased, the plot of
potential difference V across R is given by

9.A storage battery of emf 8V and internal resistance 0.5Ω being charged by a 120V dc supply
using a series resistor of 15.5Ω. The terminal voltage of the battery during the charging will be:

a) 120V

b) 8V

c) 11.5V

d) 12V
10. AB is a wire of potentiometer with the increase in the value of resistance R, the shift in the
balance point J will be
 (a) towards B
(b) towards A
(c) remains constant
(d) first towards B then back towards A.
11. In a potentiometer of 10 wires, the balance point is obtained on the 7th wire. To shift the
balance point to 9th wire, we should
(a) decrease resistance in the main circuit.
(b) increase resistance in the main circuit.
(c) decrease resistance in series with the cell whose emf is to be measured.
(d) increase resistance in series with the cell whose emf is to be determined.
12. The sensitivity of a potentiometer can be increased by:
a) decreasing potential gradient along the wire
b) increasing potential gradient of the wire.
c) decreasing current through the wire.
d) increasing current through the wire.
13.The resistance of an aluminum wire is r. It is stretched to n times its original length. Its new
resistance will be:
(a) nr
(b) n²r
(c) n2/r
(d) r/n2
14. When a resistor x is kept in the left gap and y in the right gap of a meter bridge, balancing
length is found to be l cm. The resistance is to be placed in the left gap to have the same balancing
length l cm on placing x in the right gap is:
a) x2/y
b) x2y
c) y2x
d)y2/x

15. Kirchhoff’s junction rule is a consequence of conservation of

a) momentum
b) mass
c) energy
d) charge

Ans
1. a 2. d 3. d 4. d 5. b 6. b 7. a
8. b 9.c 10. a 11.b 12. a 13. b 14.a 15.d
ASSERTION-REASONING QUESTIONS:
Instructions:
Two statements are given-one labelled Assertion (A) and the other labelled Reason (R). Select
the correct answer to these questions from the codes (a), (b), (c) and (d) as given below.
(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
(b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A
(c) A is true but R is false
(d) A is false and R is also false

1.Assertion: When Wheatstone bridge is balanced, the current through the cell depends on the
resistance of the galvanometer.
Reason: In balanced condition, current through the galvanometer is very high.
2. Assertion: Potentiometer is an ideal instrument to measure the potential difference
Reason: Potential gradient along the potentiometer wire can be made very small.
3. Assertion: When identical cells are connected in parallel to an external load, the effective emf
increases.
Reason: All the cells will be sending inequal currents to the external load in the same direction.
4. Assertion: The conductivity of an electrolyte is very low as compared to a metal at room
temperature.
Reason: The number density of free ions in electrolyte is much smaller as compared to number
density of free electrons in metals. Further, ions drift much more slowly, being heavier.
5. Assertion: Electrons move from a region of higher potential to a region of lower potential.
Reason: All electrons have high potential energy at a point where potential is higher and vice
versa.
6. Assertion: Terminal voltage of a cell is greater than emf of cell during charging the cell.
Reason: The emf of a cell is always greater than its terminal voltage.

Answers:- 1. d 2.b 3.d 4.a 5.d 6.C

CASE STUDY QUESTIONS:

Resistance Thermometers
Resistance thermometers, also called resistance temperature detectors (RTDs),
are sensors used to measure temperature. Many RTD elements consist of a length of fine wire
wrapped around a ceramic or glass core but other constructions are also used. The RTD wire is a
pure material, typically platinum, nickel, or copper. The material has an accurate
resistance/temperature relationship which is used to provide an indication of temperature
Common RTD sensing elements constructed of platinum, copper or nickel have a repeatable
resistance versus temperature relationship (R vs T) and operating
temperature range. The R vs T relationship is defined as the amount
of resistance change of the sensor per degree of temperature
change.[1] The relative change in resistance (temperature
coefficient of resistance) varies only slightly over the useful range
of the sensor.
The significant characteristic of metals used as resistive
elements is the linear approximation of the resistance versus
temperature relationship between 0 and 100 °C. This temperature
coefficient of resistance is denoted by α and is usually given in
units of Ω/(Ω·°C):
α = (R100– R0)/ 1000C * R0
where,
R100 is the resistance of the sensor at 0 °C,
R0 is the resistance of the sensor at 100 °C.

1. At room temperature (270C), the resistance of a heating element is 100Ω. The temperature of the
element if the resistance is 117Ω is (Given, the temperature coefficient of the material of the
resistor is
1.7X10-4/0C)
a) 270C b) 10270C c) 170C d)1170C

2) Temperature coefficient of resistance of a semiconductor is

a) positive
b) negative
c) zero
d) infinity

3) From the graph between current I and voltage V shown below, identify the portion
corresponding to negative resistance

(a) AB
(b) BC
(c) CD
(d) DE
4. The temperature dependance of resistance of a metal is described by:

a) b)

c) d)

Answers:- 1.b 2. b 3.c 4. a