Computer

A computer is an electronic device that accepts data, processes it, and produces
output. It can perform calculations, store data, and communicate with other devices.
Internet
The Internet is a global network of interconnected computers and servers that
communicate with each other using standardized protocols, enabling the sharing and
exchange of information, resources, and services.
RAM
RAM (Random Access Memory) is a vital component of a computer system
ROM
ROM (Read-Only Memory) is a type of non-volatile memory used in computers and
other electronic devices
Social networking
Social networking refers to the use of online platforms, websites, or applications to
connect, interact, and share content with others.
Protocol

A protocol is a set of rules, conventions, and standards that govern communication,

data exchange, or interactions between devices, systems, or networks
Website
A website is a collection of interconnected web pages, images, videos, and other
digital content hosted on a server and accessible via the internet.
Web page
A webpage is a single document or file on the internet, typically written in HTML
(Hypertext Markup Language), that displays content, images, and interactive elements
to users through a web browser
Web hosting
Web hosting is a service that allows individuals or organizations to host their website
on the internet, making it accessible to the public.
Web browsing
Web browsing refers to the act of exploring and accessing information on the internet
using a web browser.
HTML and CSS
HTML (Hypertext Markup Language) and CSS (Cascading Style Sheets) are two
fundamental technologies used to build websites and web applications.
Hyperlink
A hyperlink, also known as a link, is a clickable connection between two web pages,
documents, or other digital content
Importance of computer in business
1. Increased Efficiency: Automate tasks, streamline processes, and reduce manuUtilizr.
2. Improved Productivity: Enhance employee performance, reduce errors, and boost
output.
3. EnhancedCommunication: Facilitate email, video conferencing, and instant
messaging.
4. Data Management: Store, organize, and analyze large amounts of data.
5. Customer Relationship Management: Manage customer interactions, track sales,
and provide personalized service.
6. E-commerce: Conduct online transactions, manage inventory, and process
payments.
7. Marketing and Advertising: Utilizedigital marketing tools, social media, and online
advertising.

8. Financial Management: Manage accounts, track expenses, and generate financial

reports.
9. Security: Protect sensitive data with encryption, firewalls, and antivirus software.
10. Competitive Advantage: Stay ahead of competitors with innovative technology
solutions.
Benefits of netwok
2. Improved communication: Enhance internal and external communication.
3. Resource sharing: Share files, printers, and other resources. 4.Scalability: Easily
add or remove users, devices, and services.
5. Cost savings: Reduce travel costs, improve supply chain management, and enhance
customer service.
6. Competitive advantage: Stay ahead with innovative technologies and strategic
partnerships.
7. Market reach: Expand customer base, improve marketing, and enhance sales.
8. Supply chain optimization: Improve logistics, inventory management,
anddistribution.
9. Enhanced customer service:

Provide 24/7 support, personalized experiences, and efficient issue resolution.

10. Data-driven decision-making: Analyze data to inform business strategies
Benefits of social media in Business: 1. Increased brand awareness
2. Improved customer engagement 3. Enhanced customer service
4. Targeted advertising
5. Market research and analytics
6. Competitive advantage
7. Increased website traffic
Topology and Types of Network Topology:
Network topology refers to the physical or logical arrangement of devices and
connections within a computer network

1. Bus Topology: All devices connected to a single cable (backbone).

2. Star Topology: Devices connected to a central point (hub or switch).
3. Ring Topology: Devices connected in a circular configuration. 4. Mesh Topology:
Each device connected to every other device. 5. Tree Topology: Combination of bus
and star topologies.
6. Hybrid Topology: Combination of different topologies. Features of modern pc
1. Multi-Core Processors (dual-core, quad-core, etc.) 2. High-Speed RAM (DDR4,
DDR5)
3. Solid-State Drives (SSDs)
4. Graphics Cards (integrated and dedicated)
5. USB-C and Thunderbolt 3 Ports
6. Wireless Connectivity (Wi-Fi 6, Bluetooth 5) Types of network
1. Local Area Network (LAN): Connects devices within a limited area (e.g., home,
office).

2. Metropolitan Area Network (MAN): Connects devices within a city or metropolitan

area.
3. Wide Area Network (WAN): Connects devices across a large geographical area
(e.g., country, continent).
4. Wireless Wide Area Network (WWAN): Wireless version of WAN.
5. Personal area network (PAN):
Connects devices like personal computers and mobile phones in a personal area.
6. Body Area Network (BAN), also known as Wireless Body Area Network (WBAN), is a
network of devices worn on or implanted in the human body.
7. SCAN (Systematic Coverage Network) refers to various technologies and protocols
used for scanning and transmitting data.
8. Controller Area Network (CAN) is a vehicle bus standard for interconnecting
electronic control units (ECUs) in automotive applications.
Role of website in business growth
1. Visibility: A website makes your business visible to potential customers worldwide.

2. Accessibility: Customers can access your website 24/7, regardless of location.

3. Professionalism: A well-designed website establishes credibility and
professionalism.
4. Brand Awareness: A website helps build brand recognition and identity.
5. Lead Generation: Websites can capture leads through contact forms, email
newsletters, and more.
Principle's of developing a website 1. Simple and intuitive navigation 2. Clear and
consistent typography 3. Visual hierarchy and balance
4. Responsive design (mobile-friendly)
5. Accessibility (WCAG 2.1 compliance
Website development process
1. Define project scope, goals, target audience 2. Conduct market research,
competitor analysis 3. Create sitemap, wireframes, prototypes

4. Develop content strategy, information architecture 5. Create visual design

concepts (mockups)
6. Develop user interface (UI) elements
7. Design responsive layouts for various devices Elements of HTML
1. Tags: <tagname>content</ tagname>
2. Attributes: <tagname attribute="value">content</ tagname> 3. Elements:
<header>, <footer>, <nav>, etc.
4. <!DOCTYPE html>: Document type declaration
5. <html>: Root element
6. <head>: Header section
7. <title>: Page title
8. <body>: Body section
Concepts of HTML
1. Tags: HTML uses tags to define elements (e.g., <p>, <img>).
2. Elements: HTML elements represent structure and content (e.g., paragraphs,
images).

3. Attributes: Provide additional information about elements (e.g., src, href).

4. Nesting: Elements can be nested within each other.
5. Closing Tags: Most elements require closing tags (e.g., </p>). Parts of new
generation computers
1. Al-optimized CPU (e.g., Intel Nervana)
2. Quantum Computing Processor (e.g., IBM Q)
3. 3D XPoint Memory (e.g., Intel Optane)
4. Neural Network Processing Unit (NPU)
5. Graphene-based Components (e.g., graphene battery)
Input and output devices of computer
Input Devices:
1. Keyboard: Text and command entry
2. Mouse: Cursor control and navigation
3. Scanner: Image and document scanning
4. Webcam: Video and image capture
5. Microphone: Audio input

6. Joystick/Gamepad: Gaming control

7. Touchpad/Trackpad: Laptop cursor control Output Devices:
1. Monitor (LCD, LED, CRT): Visual display 2. Printer (Inkjet, Laser): Printed documents
3. Speakers: Audio output
4. Headphones: Personal audio output
5. Projector: Large-screen display
6. Plotter: Large-format printing
7. Braille Display: Tactile output for visually