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Exp-7

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Paresh Kumar
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25 views

Exp-7

Uploaded by

Paresh Kumar
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Experiment number: 07

Aim: To determine the viscosity of a given unknown liquid with respect to water by
viscometer.

Requirements:
Ostwald viscometer, rubber tube with screw pinch cock, stand, beaker, unknown liquid,
distilled water. specific gravity bottle

Theory: The force of friction which one part of the liquid offers to another part of the liquid is
called viscosity. For measuring the viscosity coefficient, Ostwald viscometer method is used
which is based on Poiseuille’s law. According to this law, the rate of flow of liquid through a
capillary tube having viscosity coefficient, , can be expressed as:
𝜋𝑝𝑡𝑟 4
𝜂=
8𝑙𝑣
Where 𝑣 = volume of the liquid
t = time in which the volume 𝑣 flows out
p = hydrostatic pressure
r = radius of the capillary tube
l = length of capillary
η = coefficient of viscosity of the liquid
Above equation can be written as:
𝜂 =𝑘𝑝𝑡
Where k includes all the constant terms.\
For two liquids,
𝜂1 𝑘 𝑝1 𝑡1
=
𝜂2 𝑘 𝑝2 𝑡2

𝑝1 = ℎ𝑑1 𝑔
𝑝2 = ℎ𝑑2 𝑔

𝜂1 𝑑1 𝑡1
=
𝜂2 𝑑2 𝑡2

Procedure:
1. Note the laboratory temperature.
2.Wash the specific gravity bottle with distilled water and dry.
3.Take the weight of the empty & filled (with distilled water) specific gravity bottle (with
stopper). Then, weigh the filled with specific gravity bottle h unknown given liquid. Use the
data for measuring the densities.
4. Clean and rinse the viscometer properly with distilled water. Fix the viscometer vertically
on the stand and filled with specific amount (say 20ml) of mixture (every time take the same
volume).
5.Time of flows were recorded for each solution (water and the given liquid). 6.Take 3 to 4
readings.

Observations:
Laboratory temperature =…. C
Density measurement:
Weight of empty R. D. bottle (w1) =…g.
Weight of R. D. bottle with water (w2) =…g.
Weight of R.D. bottle with liquid (w3) =…g.
So, weight of water (ww) = (w2-w1) =…g.

S. No. Flow time (s)


1 t1 t2 t3 Mean
2
3
4

Calculation:
𝑤2− 𝑤1
Density of liquid, 𝑑𝑙 = × 𝑑𝑤
𝑤3− 𝑤1

Relative viscosity of liquid


η𝑙 𝑑𝑙 𝑡𝑙
=
𝜂𝑤 𝑑𝑤 𝑡𝑤

Absolute viscosity of liquid


𝑑𝑙 𝑡𝑙
η𝑙 = × 𝜂𝑤
𝑑𝑤 𝑡𝑤

Result: The viscosity of the given liquid with respect to water at laboratory temperature was
found to be ……..

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