To make the advanced version of the **semi-automated multipurpose

farming tool** within the ₹10,000 budget, follow these steps to assemble the
tool, wire the components, and integrate the automation system.

---

### **Step-by-Step Process**

---

### **1. Build the Mechanical Structure**

#### **Materials Required**:

- **Metal Frame** (Aluminum or Steel)

- **Two Large Rear Wheels**

- **Seed Hopper**

- **Weeding Blades**

- **Fasteners (Bolts, Nuts, Washers)**

#### **Assembly**:

- **Step 1**: Construct the frame using metal pipes or rods. The frame
should have:

- A base to hold all components.

- Mounting points for motors and sensors.

- A handle for manual control.

- **Step 2**: Attach the **wheels** to the rear axle of the frame. The wheels
should be sturdy enough to handle rough terrain. Fix the wheels with
bearings or directly on the axle, ensuring smooth movement.

- **Step 3**: Mount the **seed hopper** in front of the rear wheels. The
hopper should be securely attached, and you should integrate a motorized
seed dispensing mechanism underneath the hopper.

- **Step 4**: Attach the **weeding blades** to the side or rear of the tool
using brackets or hinges. This allows easy replacement or retraction of the
blades when switching between planting and weeding.

---

### **2. Integrate the Automation System**

#### **Components Required**:

- **DC Motors** (12V for movement and seed dispensing)

- **Motor Driver (L298N)** for controlling the motors

- **Arduino** (or similar microcontroller)

- **Power Supply** (12V Battery)

- **Soil Moisture Sensor**

- **Ultrasonic Sensor**

- **Depth Sensor**

- **Switches and Wiring**

#### **Assembly and Wiring**:

- **Step 1**: Attach the **DC motors** to the rear wheels. The motors will
drive the wheels for semi-automated movement. Use a gearbox if you need
to control speed and torque. The motors should be strong enough to pull the
weight of the tool through the field.

- **Step 2**: Install the **motorized seed dispensing system** beneath the
seed hopper. This motor will release seeds at controlled intervals. Connect it
to the motor driver, so it receives commands from the microcontroller.

- **Step 3**: Mount the **microcontroller** (Arduino) near the center of the
frame in a protective housing. Connect all the motors (movement and seed
dispensing) to the microcontroller through the **motor driver**.

- **Step 4**: Wire the **soil moisture sensor** to the microcontroller. Position
the sensor on the underside of the frame where it will make contact with the
soil. This sensor will monitor soil moisture and signal the system to plant only
in optimal conditions.

- **Step 5**: Install the **ultrasonic sensor** on the front of the tool. This
sensor will detect obstacles in the path and prevent collisions. Wire it to the
microcontroller to trigger a halt or redirection when an obstacle is detected.

- **Step 6**: Attach the **depth sensor** near the seed planter to measure
and maintain the correct planting depth. Wire it to the microcontroller for
feedback control.

---

### **3. Connect Power and Solar Panel**

#### **Components Required**:

- **12V Rechargeable Battery**

- **Solar Panel (10-15W)**

- **Wiring and Connectors**

#### **Assembly**:

- **Step 1**: Mount the **solar panel** on top of the frame, angled to
capture sunlight efficiently. The solar panel will help charge the battery
during field operations.

- **Step 2**: Install the **12V battery** in a protective casing on the tool.
The battery powers the motors, sensors, and microcontroller.

- **Step 3**: Wire the solar panel to a **charge controller**, which connects
to the battery. This ensures the battery charges correctly without
overcharging or damage.

---

### **4. Program the Microcontroller (Arduino)**

#### **Required Tools**:

- **Laptop/PC** with Arduino IDE installed

- **Programming Cable** (USB)

#### **Programming Steps**:

- **Step 1**: Write the **code** for the microcontroller to control the
following functions:

- **Movement**: The DC motors should drive the wheels forward at a slow,

controlled speed. Use **PWM (Pulse Width Modulation)** to control speed.

- **Obstacle Avoidance**: The ultrasonic sensor should detect obstacles and

stop the tool or change its direction.
 - **Seed Planting**: Based on the soil moisture sensor's readings, the
microcontroller should trigger the seed dispensing motor to drop seeds when
the soil is moist.

- **Depth Control**: Use feedback from the depth sensor to adjust planting
depth.

Example code for movement and seed dispensing:

```c

int motor1 = 9; // Motor 1 pin

int motor2 = 10; // Motor 2 pin

int seedMotor = 11; // Seed dispenser motor pin

int ultrasonicTrigger = 12;

int ultrasonicEcho = 13;

int soilMoistureSensor = A0;

void setup() {

pinMode(motor1, OUTPUT);

pinMode(motor2, OUTPUT);

pinMode(seedMotor, OUTPUT);

pinMode(ultrasonicTrigger, OUTPUT);

pinMode(ultrasonicEcho, INPUT);

pinMode(soilMoistureSensor, INPUT);

void loop() {

int distance = getUltrasonicDistance();

int soilMoisture = analogRead(soilMoistureSensor);

 if (distance > 20) { // If no obstacle detected

digitalWrite(motor1, HIGH);

digitalWrite(motor2, HIGH);

} else {

digitalWrite(motor1, LOW);

digitalWrite(motor2, LOW); // Stop motors on obstacle

if (soilMoisture > 600) { // If soil is moist, dispense seeds

digitalWrite(seedMotor, HIGH);

delay(500); // Dispense seed for 0.5 sec

digitalWrite(seedMotor, LOW);

int getUltrasonicDistance() {

digitalWrite(ultrasonicTrigger, LOW);

delayMicroseconds(2);

digitalWrite(ultrasonicTrigger, HIGH);

delayMicroseconds(10);

digitalWrite(ultrasonicTrigger, LOW);

long duration = pulseIn(ultrasonicEcho, HIGH);

int distance = duration * 0.034 / 2; // Calculate distance in cm

return distance;

```
- **Step 2**: Upload the program to the Arduino using the Arduino IDE.

---

### **5. Final Testing**

#### **Steps**:

- **Test Movement**: Place the tool on a field or test area and verify that the
motors move the wheels smoothly. Adjust speed if necessary.

- **Test Seed Dispensing**: Check if the seed dispenser works based on soil
moisture readings. If seeds are not dropping properly, adjust the timing in
the code or the motor’s position.

- **Obstacle Detection**: Place an object in front of the tool and test if the
ultrasonic sensor detects it and stops the tool.

- **Power**: Ensure the battery and solar panel are working efficiently. Check
battery charge levels after some use.

---

With these steps, you can build and assemble the advanced version of the
multipurpose farming tool with semi-automation capabilities, keeping it
within the ₹10,000 budget. If you need further details on programming or
assembly, feel free to ask!
STEPS FOR SKETCH

Let's proceed step-by-step, where I'll guide you through creating sketches
manually or in SolidWorks for each stage of the process. Here's how you can
approach it:

---
### **Step 1: Basic Frame Assembly**

#### **Description**:

- **Frame**: Create a rectangular metal frame using SolidWorks' basic

sketching tools. Use lines and rectangles to form the main body.

- **Wheels**: Add two large rear wheels, placed at the back of the frame.

- **Handle**: Extend a handle from the rear of the frame for manual control.

- **Seed Hopper**: Create a simple rectangular or funnel-shaped hopper

mounted at the center, just in front of the wheels.

#### **SolidWorks Tips**:

1. **Sketch** the frame using rectangles.

2. Use **Circular Features** to add the wheels.

3. Attach a **Handle** using lines to extend from the back.

4. Model the **Seed Hopper** using a trapezoid or rectangle for the shape.

---

### **Step 2: Motor and Sensor Placement**

#### **Description**:

- **Motors**: Place DC motors on the rear axle, connecting them to the

wheels.

- **Seed Dispenser Motor**: Place another small motor under the seed
hopper for seed dispensing.

- **Soil Moisture Sensor**: Mount the sensor under the frame, positioned to
make contact with the soil.

- **Ultrasonic Sensor**: Attach this sensor to the front, facing outward to

detect obstacles.
#### **SolidWorks Tips**:

1. Add **DC Motors** to the rear axle using **cylindrical features**.

2. Attach the **seed dispensing motor** below the hopper.

3. For sensors, create small rectangles or circles for the **moisture sensor**
and **ultrasonic sensor** at the front.

---

### **Step 3: Power System Setup**

#### **Description**:

- **Battery**: Position a 12V battery at the rear, secured on the frame.

- **Solar Panel**: Mount a small solar panel on top of the frame to maximize
sun exposure.

#### **SolidWorks Tips**:

1. Model the **Battery** as a rectangular solid placed securely on the rear

section.

2. Attach a flat **Solar Panel** using a rectangular shape and mount it on the
top of the frame.

---

### **Step 4: Microcontroller Wiring**

#### **Description**:
- **Microcontroller**: Mount the Arduino (or other controller) at the center of
the frame.

- **Wiring**: Draw lines representing wires connecting the microcontroller to

the motors, sensors, and power source.

- **Switches**: Add switches on the handle for manual and automated mode
control.

#### **SolidWorks Tips**:

1. Place the **Microcontroller** as a small rectangular feature on the frame.

2. Use **Curved Lines** to represent wiring from the controller to the motors
and sensors.

3. Add a simple **switch** on the handle.

---

### **Step 5: Final Tool in Action**

#### **Description**:

- Now that all components are in place, your final sketch should show the tool
in its operational form. Ensure all parts are clearly represented: wheels,
handle, seed hopper, motors, sensors, power sources, and control switches.

#### **SolidWorks Tips**:

1. Combine all sketches into an **assembly**.

2. Ensure that all parts are aligned and connected properly.

3. Use **Exploded View** to see how all the parts come together in a single
system.

---
With this step-by-step guide, you should be able to manually sketch the
design or create it in SolidWorks. Each part of the process can be done using
basic geometric shapes, and then assembled to represent the full tool. If you
need more details on any specific component or step, feel free to ask!