DR. YANGA’S COLLEGES, INC.

Nightingale: Enhancing Healthcare System Through An Advanced Assistive Kiosk

Dr. Yanga’s Colleges Inc.

Wakas, Bocaue, Bulacan

A Research Entitled as

Nightingale: Enhancing Healthcare System

Through An Advanced Assistive Kiosk

Submitted by:

Datuin, Rovilie A.

De Guzman, Reghie Mae D.

Dela Torre, Neo A.

Legaspi, Eliseo R.

Mendoza, Paolo Ray M.

Wee, Leyenne Therese D.

May 2024

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Nightingale: Enhancing Healthcare System Through An Advanced Assistive Kiosk

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

Foremost, the proponents would like to express their sincere gratitude to

their Thesis advisor Professor Ruel Dogma for the continuous support of this
study and research, for his patience, motivation, enthusiasm, and immense
knowledge. Besides to their advisor, the proponents would like to thank the rest
of the capstone committee: Dean Prof. Mary Ann Lim, Prof. Herliza Estrada, Sir
King Olgado, and Sir Jasper Alberto, for their encouragement and insightful
comments.

To the nurses in DYCI Clinic and DYDH, for giving pieces of advice, and
sharing their insights and expertise that greatly helped the proponents in their
thesis. And to all the respondents that became part of this capstone project, for
giving their full cooperation, honest judgement in evaluating the whole project,
and of course to Dr. Yanga’s Colleges, Inc. that serves as their stepping stone
to become a better individual and for making them prepared to face the world
in the near future.

Their sincere thanks also go to their family and friends, for the undying
support, understanding and encouragement. Last but not the least, the
proponents would like to thank the Lord Almighty God for aiding the proponents
throughout the completion of this capstone project, for giving strength,
intelligence, guidance, perseverance, understanding, and for making all these
possible.

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Nightingale: Enhancing Healthcare System Through An Advanced Assistive Kiosk

ABSTRACT
The Philippine healthcare system relies extensively on the nursing
profession, which commands significant respect. Nurses, as the cornerstone of
hospitals, deliver essential care and support to patients, playing a pivotal role
in the healthcare landscape. Despite their crucial function, nurses in the
Philippines encounter multiple challenges that hinder their ability to deliver
optimal treatment and maintain their own well-being. One of the problem in the
Healthcare system in the Philippines is the under staffing burnout among
Filipino nurses, which causes resignations, career changes, and international
migration, all of which exacerbate the country's nursing shortfall. For the sake
of the health of nurses as well as the general standard of healthcare in the
Philippines, it is imperative that these issues be identified and resolved.
Encouraging and empowering nurses is essential to ensuring that they can
continue to play a critical role in the healthcare system.

The purpose of this study is to develop an assistive kiosk for measuring

vital signs, intended for deployment in hospitals to provide medical assistance
through the integration of sensor technology. A device that will assist patients
in the hospital that will monitor the vital sign(s) of the patient(s). This will
decrease the work of nurses when it comes to assisting the patients. It is
planned as a platform that will serve as a means of automating patient
assistance through sensors for those people who may require immediate health
services and to solve the under staffing issue in the healthcare system in the
Philippines.

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Nightingale: Enhancing Healthcare System Through An Advanced Assistive Kiosk

TABLE OF CONTENTS

PRELIMINARIES

Title Page ........................................................................................... ⅰ

Acknowledgment.................................................................................. ii

Abstract ............................................................................................ iii

Approval Sheet ......................................................................................

Certificate of Language Editing...............................................................

CHAPTER 1: THE PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND

Introduction ........................................................................................1

Background of the Study ..................................................................... 3

Theoretical Framework........................................................................ 5

Conceptual Paradigm .......................................................................... 7

Figure 1. Conceptual Framework of Nightingale ............................... 7

Figure 2. Schematic Diagram of Nightingale ..................................... 8

Objective of the Study ......................................................................... 9

Scope and Limitation .......................................................................... 9

Significance of the Study ................................................................... 10

Definition of Terms ............................................................................11

Review of Related Literature and Studies .............................................12

Locale Literature....................................................................... 12-15

International Literature.............................................................. 15-17

Synthesis .......................................................................................... 18
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Nightingale: Enhancing Healthcare System Through An Advanced Assistive Kiosk

CHAPTER 2: RESEARCH METHODS

Research Design ................................................................................ 19

Research Locale ................................................................................. 19

Research Participants ........................................................................ 20

Research Instruments ........................................................................ 20

Data Gathering Procedure .................................................................. 21

Statistical Treatment of Data .............................................................. 21

Ethical Considerations ........................................................................22

CHAPTER 3: RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS

Presentation and Analysis of Data ....................................................... 23

Analysis of the Data ........................................................................ 29

Table 1. Accuracy ................................................................. 29

Table 2. User-Friendly/Satisfactory ....................................... 30

Table 2. Future Use .............................................................. 30

Interpretation of the Data ............................................................... 29

CHAPTER 4: SUMMARY, CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS

Summary ........................................................................................... 32

Conclusion ........................................................................................ 32

Recommendations............................................................................... 33
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Nightingale: Enhancing Healthcare System Through An Advanced Assistive Kiosk

BIBLIOGRAPHY APPENDICES
A. Sample Evaluation Form
B. Data Flow Diagram and Program Flowchart
C. Screenshots
D. Scripts and Codes
E. References
F. Curriculum Vitae
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Nightingale: Enhancing Healthcare System Through An Advanced Assistive Kiosk

CHAPTER I

THE PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND

INTRODUCTION
Medical Health Kiosk are increasingly being used in the field of
healthcare, particularly for recording patients’ check-in at hospitals and
performing physical examinations on patients. Physical Examination is done
before you go to the doctor to consult your main problem, physical examination
is the first thing to do during the check-ups’ in the hospital. Nurses and
physicians are the ones who perform this kind of examination on patients.
Physical exam is an evaluation of your overall health.

The Philippines has a large number of underfunded healthcare

institutions that need more instruments and supplies to provide patients with
the treatment they need. Moreover, a high patient-to-nurse ratio is another
problem in their healthcare system. Nurses are responsible for caring for a huge
number of patients in many healthcare institutions in the Philippines, which
can be exhausting and lead to burnout.

In the article, “Medical Kiosk”. In the field of medicine, Medical kiosks

are an advanced approach to digital optimization to overcome the complication
of long patient’s queue at reception for check ups. This is the major problem
confronted by the patients and the hospitals, resulting in time consumption and
inefficiency in the workflow of the hospital's management system. This can
overcome this kind of situation by the use of advanced technology and will also
make the patients experience more satisfactory. (Meshram et al., 2020)

Engineering in clinical medicine aims to solve these problems. The

creation of innovative kiosks helps minimize contact with the staff to assist with
social distancing, one kiosk provides a fast and secure patient service
(Freedman, 2023), and many even provide assistance to the healthcare workers
to minimize their workloads. Therefore in this study, the researchers aim to
connect advanced technology as an assistive tool for medical healthcare at the
hospitals.

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Nightingale: Enhancing Healthcare System Through An Advanced Assistive Kiosk

According to the Wavetec of 2024, implementation of self-service kiosks

in healthcare facilities yields benefits including enhanced patient experience,
reduced queue times, expedited payment processing, improved accessibility,
streamlined check-in procedures, diminished personnel expenses, optimized
patient flow, and facilitation of contactless transactions, all contributing to
operational efficiency and service quality.

The Researchers aim to provide a reliable, easy, and fast method of

obtaining vital signs such as blood pressure, oxygen levels, pulse rate, and
temperature using the Nightingale kiosk to promptly assess the patient's
condition. This initiative seeks to alleviate the workload of healthcare workers,
enabling them to deliver more medical services. Moreover, it contributes to the
advancement of medical services through the utilization of technology.

The research objective is to expedite and implement the often

time-consuming and error-prone manual processes associated with vital
monitoring which is the assistive healthcare kiosk in Dr. Yanga Hospital. The
pivotal role that assistive healthcare kiosks, particularly those seamlessly
integrated with the monitoring of vital sign, play in transforming the landscape
of healthcare delivery within the hospital of Dr. Yanga. By seamlessly
incorporating monitoring vital signs into the kiosk interface which empowers
healthcare providers to make informed decisions promptly, leading to faster and
more accurate diagnoses. This not only enhances the quality of care but also
contributes to an overall more efficient healthcare system. By automating
routine tasks and administrative processes, healthcare kiosks can save nurses
time, allowing them to focus on more complex and critical aspects of patient
care.

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Nightingale: Enhancing Healthcare System Through An Advanced Assistive Kiosk

BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

The healthcare system in the Philippines depends heavily on the nursing

profession, which is a respectable one. Providing patients with necessary care
and support, nurses are the foundation of hospitals. They play a vital role in
Philippine hospitals, but they also confront several difficulties that limit their
ability to provide high-quality treatment and preserve their well-being. The
nursing profession in the Philippines is full of complexities since it is one of the
most important, difficult, and underpaid jobs in the nation. Hence, the
Philippines became the country that births and exports many nurses from all
over the world, resulting in "chronic understaffing" in the local hospitals, and
the region's lowest per-capita nurse population.

In the Philippines, understaffing is one of the most pressing issues

facing nurses. Nurses are overworked and underpaid as a result of the
understaffing of many hospitals around the nation. In addition to having an
impact on patient care, this nursing staff shortage puts a tremendous physical
and emotional strain on nurses, which can result in burnout and a reduction
in job satisfaction. According to Limpin D.T., Artiaga J.P., 2023, for instance,
at the height of the pandemic, mass resignations made the nurse shortage
worse. 40% of nurses employed by private hospitals quit after the epidemic had
been going on for a year and a half, says the Private Hospitals Association of
the Philippines.

More resignations followed when corona virus variations triggered fresh

waves of infections. This widespread departure of some of the most crucial
healthcare professionals significantly curtailed the Philippine health system's
ability to respond to the pandemic at a time when it was already overburdened.
Therefore, nurses in Philippine hospitals deal with many kinds of difficulties
that make it difficult for them to deliver high-quality care and uphold their
personal well-being. Their issues include under staffing, poor pay, worries about
job safety, and few options for career advancement. Finding and fixing all of
these problems is crucial for the well-being of nurses and the overall quality of
healthcare in the Philippines. Providing assistance and empowerment to nurses
should be a top priority in order to guarantee their ability to carry out their vital
role in the healthcare system.

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Nightingale: Enhancing Healthcare System Through An Advanced Assistive Kiosk

Healthcare accessibility and effectiveness pose notable hurdles,

especially given the Philippines' rising population size and resource constraints.
Hospitals throughout the archipelago frequently grapple with issues like
overcrowding, extended wait times, and administrative hurdles, all of which can
detract from patient care quality. Given these obstacles, there's a critical
demand for inventive approaches to streamline operations, elevate patient
satisfaction, and make better use of available resources. Among these potential
solutions, integrating kiosks into hospital environments emerges as a promising
strategy.

The implementation of kiosks into Philippine hospitals marks a

significant advancement towards patient-centric care and the democratization
of healthcare. Through offering self-service options, hospitals aim to reduce wait
times, ease administrative burdens, and enhance patient satisfaction. This
focus on empowering patients and improving convenience is in line with global
healthcare trends, where technology plays a central role in shaping the patient
experience. Additionally, the introduction of kiosks aligns with the government's
dedication to digital transformation in healthcare, as seen in initiatives like the
Philippine Health Information Exchange (PHIE). Kiosks serve as a tangible
representation of this digital shift, providing an accessible interface for
accessing healthcare services, thereby contributing to the modernization of
healthcare delivery systems and the improvement of health outcomes.
THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK

THEORY OF TEMPERATURE SENSOR MEASURING BODY TEMPERATURE

Sensors play a critical role in maintaining specific temperatures in a

variety of industries, including medical applications, HVAC systems, and
household appliances. Temperature sensors are important for accuracy and
temperature control in these industries. The two types of temperature sensors
are a contact temperature sensor, which measures the temperature or
temperature of an object or substance by directly touching it. These are typically
used to detect a wide range of temperatures for different solids, liquids, or gases.
The second sensor is a non-contact temperature sensor.

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Nightingale: Enhancing Healthcare System Through An Advanced Assistive Kiosk

Because these temperature measurement devices do not come into direct

contact with objects or substances, they are often used in hazardous
environments such as the power-

plant industry. Measures how hot or cold something is based on the

radiation emitted by a heat source. (AtlasScientific) Infrared (IR) temperature
sensors enable accurate, non-contact temperature measurements in medical
applications. The most common uses for this type of temperature sensor are to
measure ear temperature, forehead temperature, or skin temperature. The
sensing element consists of multiple thermocouples on a silicon chip and
measures the infrared energy of an object. TE packages and customizes
thermopiles in a variety of case sizes and wire lengths to meet customer
requirements. These sensors provide accurate temperature measurements using
a digital output signal and a small PCB package. (TE Connectivity)

THEORY OF BLOOD PRESSURE MONITORING

Blood pressure is the most important aspect to indicate disease in the

human body. Several signs of the illness blood pressure can be used to identify
conditions like heart failure. stroke, liver damage, and renal failure. Thus, on a
recurrent basis Exams are essential, particularly for those who require medical
treatments like surgery. Blood pressure is the pressure of blood pumped by the
heart against the artery walls. In humans, blood is pumped through two
separate circulatory systems in the heart namely pulmonary circulation and
systemic circulation. Blood pressure is measured by getting systole and
diastole, both of which represent the heart when beating and resting. Systole is
a sign when the heart beats and is measured by detecting the first beat when
measuring blood pressure while diastole is a sign when the heart is stationary
and is measured by detecting the last beat when measuring blood pressure. By
using MXP5050, is an advanced air pressure sensor and transducer designed
for various applications. The implementation of the MPX5050 type must be
supported by a microcontroller as the data processor. (Shihab et al., 2021)

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Nightingale: Enhancing Healthcare System Through An Advanced Assistive Kiosk

THEORY OF PULSE OXIMETER

The study presents a pulse oximetry model created through a combination

of theoretical and empirical modeling. Transmission spectrophotometry is used
to measure the optical characteristics of whole blood as a function of cuvette
depth, with light sources ranging from red (660 nm) to infrared (950 nm).
Twersky's theoretical model provides the best fit for experimental data. A simple
theoretical model that accounts for the nonlinear relationship between optical
density and cuvette depth is then used to derive a formula for the R: IR ratio,
which links transmission measurements at the two wavelengths. The R: IR ratio
is mostly independent of cuvette depth (SD=0·14 at 100% SaO2). Validate the
theoretical predictions. (De Kock & Tarassenko, 1993)

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Nightingale: Enhancing Healthcare System Through An Advanced Assistive Kiosk

CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK
The Input-Process-Output Model (IPO) was applied by the
researchers to construct a visual diagram of the general framework that will be
used throughout the study. In this project, this model can be a very useful
framework for identifying how the kiosk functions as an assistive technology.
This model is frequently used to analyze the work of the system, especially in
information systems, computer science, and engineering. The Input-Process-
Output Model represents the pattern via which one system uses inputs and
performs different processes to get these information(s) to serve.

INPUT PROCESS OUTPUT

Data collected via Gathering Patient’s

sensors – Patient's Vital Signs –
vital signs, such as Hospital staff will
NIGHTINGALE:
temperature, pulse utilize kiosk sensors
ENHANCING
rate, oxygen level, to collect the vital HEALTHCARE
SYSTEM
and blood pressure, signs of the patients.
THROUGH AN
can be collected ADVANCED
ASSISTIVE KIOSK
through the kiosk.

Figure 1. Conceptual
Framework of Nightingale

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Nightingale: Enhancing Healthcare System Through An Advanced Assistive Kiosk

The researchers have developed an assistive kiosk that can monitor and
gather individuals' vital signs, such as temperature, pulse rate, oxygen level, and
blood pressure. This innovation aims to enhance the healthcare system. This will
help the nurse to reduce the time of measure an individuals’ vital sign.

Figure 2. Schematic Diagram of Nightingale

Firebase

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Nightingale: Enhancing Healthcare System Through An Advanced Assistive Kiosk

OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY

The general objective of this study is to develop an assistive kiosk for
measuring vital signs, intended for deployment in hospitals to provide medical
assistance through the integration of sensor technology.

To fulfill the general objective, the study aims to attain the following conditions:

1. To develop a device capable of reading and measuring human vital signs,

such as body temperature, pulse rate, oxygen levels, and blood pressure.

2. To test the functionality, effectiveness, accuracy, and reliability of the

assistive kiosk health measuring device in the hospital.

The project allows the researchers to improve their logic, programming

knowledge, cooperation, and knowledge of both software and hardware.

SCOPE AND LIMITATIONS OF THE STUDY

This project focuses on the creation of a device that will assist patients
in the hospital who have concern(s), it monitors the vital sign(s) of the patient(s).
This will diminish the work of nurses when it comes to assisting the patients.
This project aims to design a device that eases the work of nurses by monitoring
some vital signs of the patients. It is planned as a platform that will serve as a
means of automating patient assistance through sensors for those people who
may require immediate health services.

The scope of this system is to monitor patient(s) vital signs. This system
includes a health indicator(s) that is designed to provide quick, convenient
health assessments to the user(s). It also has a sensor that gathers data from
the patient’s vitals such as temperature, pulse rate, oxygen level, and blood
pressure.

However, there are notable limitations to this project, kiosk difficulties

are apparent as it only comes to life when a nurse initiates it.

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Nightingale: Enhancing Healthcare System Through An Advanced Assistive Kiosk

SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY

This study will provide a quick explanation of the Nightingale: Enhancing

Healthcare System Through an Advanced Assistive Kiosk. This Study will have
the following benefits that can be contributed to the hospital:

Nurse- This study will empower nurses with a technological tool that enhances
their capacity to provide timely and effective care.

Students- This study will become a great learning opportunity for students,
which will allow them to work with up-to-date healthcare technology.

Patients- This study will help the patients by monitoring their vital signs. This
function will help the patient to give them an immediate response and reduce
their waiting time in the hospital.

School- This study will allow schools especially those with educational
institutions where training in healthcare and technology are associated with
hospitals.

Future Researchers – This study can serve as a framework for future

researchers to gather information and a firm foundation on the topics discussed
in the study. The study also gives information that can provide broad ideas
about how much assistance an Assistive Kiosk can provide to the hospital.

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Nightingale: Enhancing Healthcare System Through An Advanced Assistive Kiosk

DEFINITION OF TERMS

Kiosk - Digital kiosk machines streamline customer orders for products and
services.

Electronic medical record (ERM)- A data of patient health history including

diagnoses, medicines, tests, allergies, immunizations, and treatment plans.

Infrared (IR) - This region of the electromagnetic spectrum spans wavelengths

from approximately 700 nanometers (nm) to 1 millimeter (mm).

Printed Circuit Board (PCB) - an electronic arrangement utilizing copper

conductors to establish electrical links among components.

SpO2 - An oximeter reading simply shows the percentage of oxygen saturation

in your blood.

The Raspberry Pi - A line of compact single-board computers created in the UK

by the Raspberry Pi Foundation in collaboration with Broadcom.

Temperature Sensor - The Nightingale’s body has a built-in temperature

sensor that allows it to easily monitor the students' body temperatures.

WIFI Module- the data was transmitted to the backend management system
using a Wi-Fi module.

MAX0102 Sensor- It is used to monitor the oxygen level of the patient.

Pulse Sensor- It is used to monitor the pulse rate of the patients.

Sphygmomanometer- It is an instrument for measuring the blood pressure of

the patients.

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Nightingale: Enhancing Healthcare System Through An Advanced Assistive Kiosk

REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

LOCAL LITERATURE AND STUDIES

In the paper titled, “Kiosk for Non-contact Vital Sign Detection”. Numerous
extensive research conducted in 2020 discovered potential connections between
vital sign data from wearable devices and COVID-19 infections. Vital indicators
of the participants were monitored and analyzed throughout time, allowing
them to spot deviations from normal before certain people's start of symptoms.
Vital sign detection is routinely performed in clinical and everyday settings with
varying 135 degrees of accuracy depending on the method used. The main vital
signs include heart rate, breathing rate, body temperature, blood oxygen
saturation, and blood pressure, with the focus being on the first four in the
context of respiratory illness detection. A commonly used non-contact vital sign
measurement to date is temperature, using infrared. A commonly used non-
contact vital sign measurement to date is temperature, using infrared sensing.
Infrared sensing relies on detecting emitted infrared light intensity, which is
related to an object’s temperature via the Stefan-Boltzmann law. The law
assumes the object to be a perfect emitter, called a blackbody which absorbs all
incoming radiation, such that all of its emitted radiation depends only on its
temperature, and does not include reflections. (Goryachev, 2021)

In the paper titled, “IoT-based wearable device to monitor the signs of

quarantined remote patients of COVID-19x”. This research study proposed an
IoT-based Wearable Blood Pressure Monitoring Device with GPS and SMS
notifications through the integration of a Mobile Application. This study aimed
to determine whether the prototype is reliable enough for blood pressure
monitoring using a unique approach. It is a wristband-worn device that has a
microprocessor, a battery, and a cuff. An Arduino nano microcontroller was
used in this project as the master controller for all connected components. Each
component, such as the SMS notice to the smartphone, buzzer, and LEDs, is
triggered by the blood pressure sensor. Its primary structure is a small plastic
case designed to protect the integrated components. The materials utilized
within the case include the Bluetooth module, buzzer, motor air pump, switch,
potentiometer, LED, Arduino, Microcontrollers, rechargeable battery, and an
adapter.

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Nightingale: Enhancing Healthcare System Through An Advanced Assistive Kiosk

It is designed to be worn on the wrist to make it portable and handier.

Furthermore, the researcher incorporates a mobile application that patients
must install on their phones in order to enter information such as contact
numbers and the patient's normal blood pressure. The mobile phone
communicates with the wearable device via Bluetooth. The sensor's measured
value is shown in the mobile app, and an SMS will be sent only if the patient's
blood pressure is higher than usual. (Bazzam et al., 2021)

The devices were thoroughly coded and evaluated to ensure their

functionality. Screening the functionality of the device involves unit testing,
acceptability testing, as well as integration testing to achieve the best accuracy.
There are 10 people involved in the project's testing, and each person's blood
pressure was measured using three trials. According to the findings, the
difference comparing the current digitized BP monitor and the created BP monitor
is just -6 to +6. It signifies that the presented device is precise and reliable. (E.
Panganiban et al., 2019)

In the paper titled, “e-hAC: Interactive Health Access Card Dispenser

Kiosk to Aid Outpatient Queuing in Jose Reyes Memorial Medical Center Health
kiosks continue to be an essential part of the healthcare system, gathering
clinical measurements and giving people without personal internet access or
low digital literacy access to web-based health services and information. We
observed gaps in the literature, including the necessity for teleconsultation
training and the dearth of information on usability evaluation techniques.
Based on the card displacement from the dispenser, the accuracy of data
retrieval from the database, the average transaction time of the procedures, and
the respondents' acceptable rating, the functionality of the kiosk was examined.
According to tests, using a servo motor with an applied torque of 5.5 kg per
centimeter is more effective than using a push-pull solenoid to achieve the
required minimum card displacement of 5.8 millimeters. Tests were able to
retrieve registered user accounts from the database and identify multiple
accounts with 100% accuracy.

When it came to the dispensing of health access cards, E-hAC achieved the
lowest average transaction time of 3 minutes, while the data retrieval process
with the queue number took 2 minutes.

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Nightingale: Enhancing Healthcare System Through An Advanced Assistive Kiosk

The respondents' satisfactory rating demonstrated that e-hAC can

expedite the Jose Reyes Memorial Medical Center's health access card
distribution process and queuing system. (IEEE, 2021)

In a public space, kiosks provide information and display it along with

advertisements which are often interactive display screens. For students, staff,
and visitors to the school, the information desk at ABE Manila will serve as a
guide. It enables the user to be independent, allowing him or her greater access
to information. Guide maps and the necessary information for users to know
about the school would also be included in this Kiosk. A computer system
containing software that is stored in a protected box shall generally form part
of this Kiosk. However, a self-service kiosk may also be a table or desk computer
in an accessible area for student use. Another benefit of self-service applications
is that students do not need to be computer savvy, as no special knowledge or
computer skills are required to use the kiosk. A majority of people use
computers for business, education, and entertainment in the form of laptops,
desktops, or cell phones. When we look at the groups of people who might
interact with these computers, it's clear to us that computers have always been
a productive tool for an educated individual whose reading or understanding
skills are not very high. A large number of establishments are currently using
information kiosks, they range from public to private enterprises or government
establishments and services. A free public information service is provided by
some computer kiosks, while others are used for commercial purposes. The
typical input device of interactive computer kiosks shall be a touchscreen,
trackball, keyboard, and push button. The interactive kiosk technology is
essentially the same as that used on a computer. The touch screen kiosks are
mainly operated with the help of the control unit and the touch of the screen is
used to navigate the custom-built display, which makes the operation of the
kiosk very easy and user-friendly. The Kiosk has been popular because of its
durable steel construction, which makes it reliable and suitable for use in all
types of environments. (R. Studio, 2021)

In the paper titled, “Development of Smart Health Screening System for

Rural Communities in the Philippines”, A low-cost health screening and
monitoring system has been proposed. The study's particular goal is to use low-
cost health screening devices and medical sensors to evaluate health indicators

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Nightingale: Enhancing Healthcare System Through An Advanced Assistive Kiosk

such as heart rate (HR), blood pressure (BP), oxygen saturation (SpO2), and
blood sugar levels. Glucose (BG), cholesterol, and body mass index (BMI) are all
factors to consider. Finally, the total system should be evaluated in terms of
accuracy and efficiency, which are key factors. The technology is designed to
test a certain health parameter and anticipate illnesses such as diabetes and
heart disease. attack, hypertension with the use of sensors and microcontrollers,
and an Android app with a machine learning algorithm. Health monitoring
measures the patient's vital indicators. screening system in a matter of minutes.
Pre-programmed sensor data and interface are stored in the microcontroller. A
thermal printer is used. (Tolentino et al., 2021)

INTERNATIONAL LITERATURE AND STUDIES

In the paper titled, “The Role of Health Kiosk”, Health kiosks are publicly
accessible computing devices that offer services such as health information,
clinical measurement collection, patient self-check-in, telemonitoring, and
teleconsultation. Health kiosks continue to play a vital role in the health care
system, gathering clinical measures and offering access to web-based health
services and information to people with limited or no digital literacy abilities, as
well as those without personal internet connections. We discovered research
gaps, such as the necessity for teleconsultation training and a lack of reporting
on usability evaluation methodologies. (Maramba et al., 2022)

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The project titled “Internet of Things–based vital sign monitoring system”

is an IoT-based wireless network technology that is capable of measuring and
monitoring vital signs including body temperature, heart rate, and blood
pressure The provided IoT-based vital signs monitoring system is created to
minimize medical staff work and contribute to the process of determining a
patient's disease in real-time. The Raspberry Pi was chosen as the main
microcontroller device and in data processing by the proponents. A Raspberry
Pi is the primary module in the development of processing software. The
module's purpose is to program the device using the Python programming
language. Additionally, the researchers have a database system that is built
with MySQL, PHP, and Apache. In hardware design, it includes MCP3008(AD
Converter), HRM-2511E sensor (Heart rate), DS18b20 sensor (body
temperature), MPX5050DP sensor (blood pressure), power supply, and LCD.
The heart rate sensor is an input reader that provides analog input that is
transmitted to Raspberry Pi through the MCP 3008 in converting analog signals
to digital to enable the computer to interpret the collected data. Raspberry Pi
processed body temperature and blood pressure as digital data input. The
results of the retrieval of vital sign data will be shown on the LCD and mobile
application. Furthermore, based on the results of the study’s vital sign data
retrieval, shows that the device is designed to function correctly. The accuracy
of the proposed device for body temperature is 99.51%, heart rate is 97.90%,
and blood pressure is 97.69%. (Alamsyah et al., 2020)

In the article titled “Designing Effective User Interface Experiences for a

Self-Service Kiosk to Reduce Emergency Department Crowding” Overcrowding in
emergency departments has been rising rapidly, largely as a result of non-
emergent diseases. A self-service kiosk was built to gather vital signs,
customary medication, clinical history, and primary complaints. To expedite
diagnosis and treatment selection, this data is analyzed and given to the medical
personnel entirely. The average time spent on a screen, the average duration of
a kiosk session, the application design, and the user's interaction with the
system and devices are all taken into consideration in this work's description
and analysis of the usability evaluation of this kiosk. (Pacheco et al., 2020)

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In the article titled “Design and Development of Self-Service Telemedicine

Kiosk for Remote Towns”. One of the flagship uses of Malaysia's Multimedia
Super Corridor initiative is telemedicine. Even though it was first implemented
twenty years ago, there are still many areas in Sabah and Sarawak without
access to healthcare facilities. To receive basic medical care, people are required
to take an hour-long boat ride. By designing and developing a Telemedicine
Kiosk with cutting-edge, state-of-the-art facilities and real-time video
conferencing capabilities with the medical officer for basic healthcare treatment,
this proposed system aims to address the issue. The patient's medical
conditions were measured by sophisticated sensors, which also provided real-
time updates to the doctors for remote consultation. By using an ESP32 Wi-Fi
module, these sensors would identify and transmit the data to a web service
platform. Multiple experiments were conducted with various participants to
obtain the results. The suggested methods yield encouraging results in terms
of real-time consulting services to execute clinical operations and remote
patient data monitoring. (Vengadeshwaran et al., 2021)

In the article titled “Self-Check-In Kiosks Utilization and Their Association

with Wait Times in Emergency Departments in the United States”. Patient wait
time is the critical measure of delayed care in the emergency department, and
several strategies are implemented to reduce the waiting time and this
introduces self-check-in Kiosks. Innovative tools are now being used in some
healthcare settings, to improve patient experience and potentially reduce the
waiting time for the patients. Prolonged wait times in the emergency department
are normal, however, in a technology-driven world, simple and easy-to-use
technology such as Kiosks could significantly provide value in reducing patient
wait times. (Mahmood et al., 2020)

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SYNTHESIS

In a local study, researchers uncovered gaps in the current research,

such as the lack of information on how to evaluate usability and the
requirement for teleconsultation training. The kiosk's functionality was
assessed using various criteria, including respondents' ratings, average
transaction times, and accuracy of data retrieval. The article "Health Kiosks"
explores how medical kiosks offer an advanced digital solution in medicine,
tackling the issue of long patient queues for their check-ups and examinations.
This problem is a significant concern for both patients and hospitals, resulting
in time consumption and inefficiencies in the hospital's management system
workflow. Advanced technology, like innovative kiosks, addresses these
challenges, enhancing patient experiences by reducing staff contact, promoting
social distancing, and ensuring fast, secure services.

In conclusion, the innovation of a Medical Kiosk has a high potential to

enhance the healthcare system by providing efficient access to accurate medical
data, and vitals for effective care and human well-being. By integrating vital
sign readings into the kiosk interface, healthcare providers can quickly make
informed decisions, leading to faster and more precise diagnoses. This not only
improves the quality of care but also makes the healthcare system more efficient
overall. Healthcare kiosks streamline routine tasks and administrative
processes, freeing up nurses' time to concentrate on more intricate and crucial
aspects of patient care. The studies and articles reviewed emphasize the varied
use of medical kiosks and digital health devices across different settings. Hence,
this study seeks to integrate advanced technology as a supportive tool for
healthcare in hospitals and clinics. The Nightingale, for instance, can collect
and monitor vital signs, enhancing patient services. Kiosks offer a swift and
effective means of reading and measuring patients’ vital signs examination,
leading to improved accuracy and efficiency in data management. This
technological advancement has the potential to enhance overall patient care.

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CHAPTER II
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

This chapter presents the research design, respondents of the study,

sampling procedure, sampling technique, instrument utilized in data gathering,
data gathering procedure, and statistical treatment applied in data analysis.

RESEARCH DESIGN
The research, as it was classified as Quantitative Research, is a process
of collecting and analyzing numerical data. It can be used to find patterns and
averages, make predictions, test causal relationships, and generalize results to
wider populations. (Bhandari, 2020) The research will fall under the
classification of a descriptive developmental research method in which it seeks
to provide information about existing variables. The researchers in this study
create an understanding of the dilemma by gathering actionable insights that
can be efficiently used in the effectiveness of using kiosks in order to get the
vital signs of patience in assisting the health workers." As opposed to basic
instructional development, developmental research has been characterized as
the systematic study of creating, producing, and assessing instructional
programs, procedures, and products that must fulfill internal consistency and
effectiveness requirements.

RESEARCH LOCALE
To conduct in-depth analyses and evaluations for the Nightingale, the
research will be conducted at Dr. Yanga’s Colleges Inc. The Bocaue, Bulacan-
based Dr. Yanga’s Colleges Inc. is well known for its God-Centeredness and
commitment to providing innovative learning and medical care to the students.
The effectiveness and usefulness of the kiosk can be investigated by taking a
sample of the school's diverse nursing and student population. The research
will benefit from modern facilities, qualified medical personnel, and a welcoming
environment that promotes cooperation and creativity. Assuring that the results
will be automated in taking the patient's temperature, oxygen saturation, pulse
rate, and blood pressure, the objectives of this research are in line with the
hospital's emphasis on technological advancements and patient-centered care.

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RESEARCH PARTICIPANTS
In selecting the target participants for the study, the researchers chose
the non-probability sampling method called purposive sampling. In purposive
sampling, researchers intentionally select participants with specific
characteristics or unique experiences related to the research question. The goal
is to identify and recruit participants who can provide rich and diverse data to
enhance the research findings. Each member of the population has an equal
chance to be included in the sample if they are available and has a will to be
part of it. The selection method will revolve solely within the local area of Dr.
Yanga’s Colleges Inc. And Dr. Yanga’s Hospital in which the researchers will ask
nurses and students to watch a demonstration of the operation of the
Nightingale, afterward they will be asked to answer a questionnaire containing
all the questions needed to prove the efficacy and the functionality of the kiosk.
The sample size will consist of 35 participants from Dr. Yanga’s Colleges Inc.
And Dr. Yanga’s Hospital in which the researchers will make use of their
responses to draw conclusions. Four esteemed professionals will evaluate the
thesis of the researchers which are:

Participants Number of Participants

Students 30

Nurse 4

Circuit 1

RESEARCH INSTRUMENTS

The instrument that will be used will be garnered via a survey

questionnaire. It is prepared in systematic form with a set of questions designed
to get and produce responses from the respondents. A rating scale is a closed-
end survey question that is used to evaluate the survey respondents’ feelings,
reactions, and thoughts about a product or statement. Respondents are
typically asked to choose from a range of options which commonly include
strongly agree, agree, fair, and disagree. (LUMOA, 2023)

The research instrument that was used is convenient for both

researchers and respondents because of its time efficiency. Respondents may

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be busy at certain times of the day, so the researchers make it a point that it
can be done at any time.

DATA GATHERING PROCEDURE

For comprehensive and accurate data collection, the research study was
carried out at Dr. Yanga's Colleges Inc. and Dr. Yanga’s Hospital, located in
Bocaue, Bulacan. The researchers designed a unified survey questionnaire that
contains a series of relevant and structured questions to systematically gather
essential data and insights for the research study. A random
sampling approach was employed in selecting participants given personal
permission from nurses and students, ensuring a diverse representation of
perspectives within the school environment. The said questionnaire was
presented to a randomly selected sample of participants within a specified
sample size, having the purpose of eliciting detailed responses that would
support the research topic. This procedure will contribute to a thorough
understanding of the research variables. Furthermore, to derive significant
findings and draw conclusions to guide future studies and potential
advancements in modern healthcare, the obtained data were safely stored and
utilized for statistical analysis.

STATISTICAL TREATMENT OF DATA

The researchers used the frequency distribution to calculate the gathered
data. these are the following approaches and treatments used by the
researchers for this study:
A.) Weighted Means – Weighted Average
Formula:
Weighted Means = ∑WnXn / ∑Wn
Where:

W = Weights
X = Quantities

ETHICAL CONSIDERATION
To sustain the validity and harmonious interaction between the
researchers and the respondents, the researchers believe that privacy,
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transparency, and honesty should go hand in hand. Privacy is the sense that
whatever information is shared is only known by the researcher and the
respondent, ensuring the confidentiality of the data.

The declaration of the study's objectives and goals is also vital in this
implementation so that the respondent is appropriately aligned with what the
researchers are seeking to gain from the respondents.

According to an article by Principles of Research Ethics, researchers

must always adhere to a certain code of conduct when collecting data from
people. the following 7 points represent the most important principles related to
ethical considerations:

I. All research participants must take part voluntarily, free from coercion
or undue influence, and their rights, dignity, and autonomy should be
respected and protected.
II. Research should be worthwhile and provide value that outweighs any
risk or harm.
III. Researchers need to carefully consider the overall societal impact of the
research in selecting participants.

IV. Informed consent requires that research staff and participants be given
appropriate information about the research comprehensibly without
duress or inappropriate inducement.
V. Individual research participant and group preferences regarding
anonymity should be respected and participant requirements concerning
the confidential nature of information and personal data should be
respected.
VI. Research should be designed, reviewed, and undertaken to ensure
recognized standards of integrity are met, and quality and transparency
are assured.
VII. The research should be clear, and any conflicts of interest or partial
should be explicit.

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CHAPTER III
RESULT AND DISCUSSION

This chapter shows the results and findings of the data that have been
collected through survey questionnaires and evaluation. It covered the progress
and application of the project. The data that have been gathered were
deliberated in detail through charts and texts.

PRESENTATION OF THE DATA

1) The Temperature, Pulse rate, Oxygen level, and Blood pressure are accurate
in measuring vital signs.

Figure 1.

In Figure 1, the data shows that 37.1% (13 respondents) are very satisfied
with the accuracy of the reading of the vital signs. 45.7% (16 respondents) are
satisfied, 11.4% (4 respondents) are neutral and only 2.9% (1 respondent) are
not satisfied which shows that the accuracy of the reading of vital signs is
accurate.

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2) The data collected by the kiosk has privacy and security measures in place.

Figure 2.

In Figure 2, the chart shows that 34.3% (12 Respondents) are very
satisfied and 51.4% (18) are satisfied. 14.3% (5 respondents) of the chart voted
neutral by the respondents.

3) The response time of the kiosk machine in providing vital signs is adequate
in providing vital signs.

Figure 3.

In Figure 3, 57 (20 respondents) are very satisfied with the speed of the

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response time of the kiosk and Only 20% (7 respondents) voted for neutral and
2.9% (1 respondent) for not satisfied which shows that the response time of the
kiosk machine is fast.

4) The interface of the kiosk is user-friendly.

Figure 4.

Figure 4 shows that 60% 21 of the respondents voted for the very
satisfied which is half of the graph. This shows that the interface of kiosk are
user friendly, and 20% (7 respondents) are satisfied, and 2.9% (1 respondent)
are not satisfied.

5) The use of a kiosk is preferable over traditional methods in measuring

temperature, pulse rate, oxygen level, and blood pressure.

Figure 5.

In the figure 5 shows that, 54.3% 19 of respondents preferred using

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kiosks over traditional methods, and 20% (7 respondents) are satisfied, 22.9%
(8 respondents) are neutral and only 2.9% (1 respondent) are not satisfied.

6) The kiosk has no technical issues or malfunctions while in use.

Figure 6.
Figure 6 shows that 45.5 (15 respondents) which is very satisfied and
36.4% (12 respondents) is satisfied tells that they don't have any technical issue
and malfunction using the kiosk 15.2% (5 respondents) is neutral and 3% (1
respondent) are not satisfied and have an issue using the kiosk.

7) The vital sign kiosk machine can be used and can continue in the future.

Figure 7.

In the figure 7 shows that, 40.0% (14 respondents) is very satisfied and

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more likely to use kiosk machine to measure your vital signs 31.4% (11
respondents) is satisfied 22.9% (8 respondents) is neutral and 5.7% (2
respondents) is more likely disagree to continue using kiosk machine to
measure their vital signs.

8) The kiosk meets the level of support or assistance provided in measuring the
vital signs.

Figure 8.
Figure 8 shows that 5.7% (2 respondents) is not satisfied in support or
assistance of the kiosk 51.4% (18 respondents) is very satisfied 34.3% (12
respondents) is satisfied and 8.6% (3) is neutral on the support and assistance
for measuring the vital signs of the patient.

9) The vital sign kiosk machine is rightly recommendable to others.

Figure 9.

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Figure 9 shows that 45.7% (16 respondents) is very satisfied and says
that the kiosk can be recommended to others 37.1% (13 respondents) is
satisfied and 17.1% (6 respondents) is neutral in recommendations of the kiosk.

10) Using the vital sign kiosk machine can help monitor your health more
effectively in the future.

Figure 10

Figure 10 shows that 51.4% (18 respondents) and 25.7% (9 respondents)

thinks that kiosk can help to monitor your health and vital signs 11.4% (4
respondents) is neutral 8.6% (3 respondents) and 2.9% (1 respondent) tells that
the kiosk is inappropriate for monitoring the health and vital signs of the
patient's.

Indicator 1 2 3 4 5 Weighted Verbal

Mean Interpretation

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Accuracy
1 1 4 14 10 4.03 Satisfied
1. The Temperature, Pulse
rate, Oxygen level, and
Blood pressure is accurate
in measuring vital signs.

0 0 5 13 12 4.23 Very Satisfied

2. The data collected by the
kiosk has privacy and
security measures in
place.
0 1 7 16 6 3.90 Satisfied
3. The response time of the
kiosk machine in
providing vital signs is
adequate in providing vital
signs.
4.06 Satisfied
Overall Weighted Mean
User-Friendly/Satisfactory
0 1 2 11 16 4.4 Very Satisfied
4. The interface of the kiosk
is user friendly
0 1 8 15 6 3.86 Satisfied
5. The used of kiosk is
preferable over traditional
methods in measuring
temperature, pulse rate,
oxygen level, and blood
pressure.
2 1 5 10 12 3.97 Satisfied
6. The kiosk has no technical
issues or malfunctions
while in used.

4.08 Satisfied
Overall Weighted Mean
Future Use
0 2 7 7 14 4.10 Satisfied
7. The vital sign kiosk
machine can be used and
can continue in the future

0 2 3 14 11 4.13 Satisfied
8. The kiosk meet the level of
support or assistance
provided in measuring the
vital signs
0 0 6 9 15 4.30 Very Satisfied
9. The vital sign kiosk
machine is rightly
recommendable to others

1 3 4 5 17 4.13 Satisfied
10. Using the vital sign kiosk
machine can help monitor
your health more
effectively in the future.

4.17 Satisfied
Overall Weighted Mean

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ANALYSIS OF THE DATA

To evaluate the desired output, evaluation sheets were given to thirty-

five respondents which consisted of 5 experts and respondents in Dr. Yanga’s
Colleges Inc. The data presented in this study shows the outcomes of
instruction that indicate the fact that the vital sign kiosk machine is very useful
and satisfactory. The results show that the users are overall satisfied with the
kiosk performance accuracy, ease of use as well as user-friendliness. This
means that it will be an improvement to the health monitoring systems.

Table 1. Accuracy

In Table 1. Accuracy being the major concern of the kiosk, it was able to
very reliably take critical vital signs such as temperature, pulse rate, oxygen
level, and blood pressure and had a weighted mean satisfaction score of 4.11
which showed that users were satisfied. In terms of data security, a high score
of 4.2 expresses the user's confidence displaying the reliability of keeping
guaranteed data safe. In terms of the response time of the kiosk, a high score
of 3.94 expresses adequate in providing vital signs. Overall, the total rating of
the Accuracy is 4.08 which means the users are satisfied with the accuracy of
the kiosk.

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Table 2. User-friendly/Satisfactory

Table 2. Kiosks are noticeably user-friendly interface and well

demonstrated by the high weighted mean score of 3.91, showing that users like
the interface. On top of that, a significant number of the reported users are in
favor of the kiosk than the conventional means of determining vital signs
supporting its adaption as a routine health monitoring tool. And in terms of
technical issues, 3.93 is the score. Overall, the total rating for the User-
Friendly/Satisfactory is 3.93 which means the users are satisfied.

Table 3. Future Use

Table 3. Users rated the kiosk's acceptability for the long term with a
score of 4.15 overall weighted means it is satisfying. This circumstance is
because the service gives its patients a stable and strong performance without
many malfunctions and technical problems. User(s) are glad regarding the kiosk
as it helps in effective tracking of health and they would advise others to use
the kiosk. Such feedback is essential for increasing the extent of acceptance
and usage of the recommended health assessment kiosks.

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INTERPRETATION OF DATA

The findings reported in the obtained data reveal a favorable relationship

between the desired output and the results that the researchers gathered. Based
on the researchers, Nightingale: Enhancing Healthcare System Through an
Advanced Assistive Kiosk is very useful nowadays because of existing modern
technologies. Furthermore, a Nightingale utilizes 4 in 1 health system, it collects
patient data, and a vital sign collector: blood pressure, pulse, oxygen level, and
temperature.

Based on the accuracy of the research findings of the researchers, the

kiosk accurately measures the rate of overall weighted mean of 4.08 vital signs
like temperature, pulse rate, oxygen level, and blood pressure, with adequate
response time and privacy measures in place. In addition, this appears in the
“satisfied” section of verbal interpretations.

In terms of user-friendly/satisfactory, the research findings of the

researchers, calculate a rate of an overall weighted mean of 3.93 user-friendly
interface and superior performance over traditional methods make it a preferred
choice for measuring temperature, pulse rate, oxygen level, and blood pressure.
Moreover, it comes across in the “satisfied” section of the verbal interpretations.

In the state of the future use, conforming to the research findings of the
researchers, the rate ranges the overall weighted mean of 4.15, vital sign kiosk
machine is recommended for its future use and effectiveness in monitoring
healthcare, providing adequate support and assistance in measuring vital signs.
Along with this, it meets up in the “satisfied” section of verbal interpretations.

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CHAPTER IV
SUMMARY, CONCLUSION, AND RECOMMENDATION

SUMMARY

Technology has a significant impact not only on economic development

but also on aiding and guiding healthcare. One possible option to streamline
assistance from healthcare providers is the kiosk machine. Nightingale is a
kiosk machine that assists the patient in taking their vital signs, such as
temperature using the MLX9604 sensor, and measures pulse and oxygen levels
using the pulse oximeter MAX30102 sensor. Nightingale can also measure
blood pressure using the CK101 wrist Blood pressure. Based on the
researcher's survey conducted at Dr. Yanga's Hospital and Dr. Yanga's Colleges
Inc., the average rating of accuracy is 4.08 indicating satisfaction of the
respondents, User friendly satisfactory is 3.93 over the neutral section but close
to the satisfaction section while future use average rating has 4.15 indication
the satisfaction of the respondents. Nightingale aims to decrease the workload
of the nurses and provide an immediate response in assisting individuals and
contribute more to the community.

CONCLUSION

Nightingale is a comprehensible kiosk that helps nurses and patients

monitor and record their vital signs. This is not just a kiosk that will ease the
job of the nurses but to provide an immediate response in taking the vital signs
(Blood Pressure, Temperature, Oxygen Level, and Pulse Rate) of the patients in
real-time. Nightingale is a great leap forward in terms of technology in the field
of healthcare. Applying the addressing of possible challenges and responsible
kiosk implementation can result in a marked improvement in patient care, a
decrease in costs, and consequently participation of patients in their health
care. Moreover, patients can develop a connection with their vital signs through
the kiosk and therefore a sense of responsibility for their health. We need to
focus precisely on the challenges and implementation of technology like this.
Security data and privacy measures are the inevitable things to create patient
confidence.

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The interactive user interface needs to be intuitive and suitable for

patients with different technical skills.

In conclusion, Nightingale is a big step in the field of healthcare

technology when it calls for considering these challenges and adopting
responsible applications. There is a huge chance that it can enhance the quality
of care provided to the patient, reduce costs, and facilitate patients in their
health maintenance.

RECOMMENDATION
After the project’s evaluation, it yielded positive results by providing
convenience to the nurses and enabling patients to independently take their
vital signs. Despite its imperfections, the project effectively meets the needs of
individuals. Moving forward, it is recommended that the project be primarily
implemented in the Outpatient Department (OPD) and among well patients,
rather than in the emergency room, due to the accurate data transmission
provided by the kiosk. Regarding the accuracy of vital signs reading, there is
still room for improvement, especially considering that accurate vital signs
reading should be the highest priority of this project. Future researchers could
explore integrating other sensors and modules to provide even more precise
measurements such as arm cuff blood pressure, max30105 module, and other
Temperature sensors. And, given that this project relies on a Wi-Fi connection
for data transmission from the kiosk to the web application, future researchers
should explore alternative methods for communication between the two
applications and the kiosk sensors. The researcher similarly recommends using
a battery or alternative power source, enabling the kiosk to be easily moved
from one location to another.

Another recommendation for future researchers is to prioritize designing

the kiosk to be smaller, slimmer, and sleeker in appearance. This would
optimize space usage and enhance convenience when transferring to different
locations.

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BIBLIOGRAPHY
APPENDICES

A. SAMPLE EVALUATION/ QUESTIONNAIRE FORM

Indicator 1 2 3 4 5
Accuracy
1. The Temperature, Pulse rate,
Oxygen level, and Blood
pressure is accurate in
measuring vital signs.
2. The data collected by the kiosk
has privacy and security
measures in place.
3. The response time of the kiosk
machine in providing vital
signs is adequate in providing
vital signs.
User-Friendly/Satisfactory
4. The interface of the kiosk is
user friendly
5. The used of kiosk is preferable
over traditional methods in
measuring temperature, pulse
rate, oxygen level, and blood
pressure.
6. The kiosk has no technical
issues or malfunctions while in
used.
Future Use
7. The vital sign kiosk machine
can be used and can continue
in the future
8. The kiosk meet the level of
support or assistance provided
in measuring the vital signs
9. The vital sign kiosk machine is
rightly recommendable to
others
10. Using the vital sign kiosk
machine can help monitor your
health more effectively in the
future.

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B. DATA FLOW DIAGRAM AND PROGRAM FLOWCHART

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C. SCREENSHOTS AND IMAGES

Web Application Link: https://main--vitalreadings.netlify.app/

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D. SCRIPTS AND CODES

ESP32 1 CODE(PULSE OXIMETER)
#include<Firebase_ESP_Client.h> //Firebare Client Library
#include"addons/TokenHelper.h" //Firebase Library
#include"addons/RTDBHelper.h" //DB Firebase library
#include "MAX30105.h" //MAX3010x library
#include "heartRate.h" //Heart rate calculating algorithm
#include "WiFi.h"
MAX30105 particleSensor;

//#define WIFI_SSID "LakerFanBoy 2.4G-b6vH" // Wifi Name

//#define WIFI_PASSWORD "fourfivesix456" //Wifi password
#define WIFI_SSID "DYCI_CLINIC" // Wifi Name
#define WIFI_PASSWORD "TWENTYTWENTYFOUR!" //Wifi password
#define API_KEY "AIzaSyBg-7ExLfb-2tRKW412KAQMEbpe32vMMNQ" //firebase
db api key
#define DATABASE_URL "https://esp32-test-acdca-default-rtdb.asia-
southeast1.firebasedatabase.app/" //firebase db url link
FirebaseData fbdo; // firebase db
FirebaseAuth auth; // firebase data path
FirebaseConfig config; // firebase data configuration

unsigned long sendDataPreMillis = 0; //Time interval in sending data to firebase

bool signupOK = false; //user sign up

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const byte RATE_SIZE = 4;

byte rates[RATE_SIZE];
byte rateSpot = 0;
long lastBeat = 0;
float beatsPerMinute;
int beatAvg;

double avered = 0;
double aveir = 0;
double sumirrms = 0;
double sumredrms = 0;

double SpO2 = 0;
double ESpO2 = 95.0;//initial value
double FSpO2 = 0.7; //filter factor for estimated SpO2
double frate = 0.95; //low pass filter for IR/red LED value to eliminate AC
component
int i = 0;
int Num = 30;
#define MINIMUM_SPO2 95.0

//Heartbeat chart
static const unsigned char PROGMEM logo2_bmp[] =
{ 0x03, 0xC0, 0xF0, 0x06, 0x71, 0x8C, 0x0C, 0x1B, 0x06, 0x18, 0x0E, 0x02,
0x10, 0x0C, 0x03, 0x10,
0x04, 0x01, 0x10, 0x04, 0x01, 0x10, 0x40, 0x01, 0x10, 0x40, 0x01, 0x10,
0xC0, 0x03, 0x08, 0x88,
0x02, 0x08, 0xB8, 0x04, 0xFF, 0x37, 0x08, 0x01, 0x30, 0x18, 0x01, 0x90,
0x30, 0x00, 0xC0, 0x60,
0x00, 0x60, 0xC0, 0x00, 0x31, 0x80, 0x00, 0x1B, 0x00, 0x00, 0x0E, 0x00,
0x00, 0x04, 0x00,
};

//Heartbeat Map
static const unsigned char PROGMEM logo3_bmp[] =
{ 0x01, 0xF0, 0x0F, 0x80, 0x06, 0x1C, 0x38, 0x60, 0x18, 0x06, 0x60, 0x18,
0x10, 0x01, 0x80, 0x08,
0x20, 0x01, 0x80, 0x04, 0x40, 0x00, 0x00, 0x02, 0x40, 0x00, 0x00, 0x02,
0xC0, 0x00, 0x08, 0x03,
0x80, 0x00, 0x08, 0x01, 0x80, 0x00, 0x18, 0x01, 0x80, 0x00, 0x1C, 0x01,
0x80, 0x00, 0x14, 0x00,

0x80, 0x00, 0x14, 0x00, 0x80, 0x00, 0x14, 0x00, 0x40, 0x10, 0x12, 0x00,
0x40, 0x10, 0x12, 0x00,
0x7E, 0x1F, 0x23, 0xFE, 0x03, 0x31, 0xA0, 0x04, 0x01, 0xA0, 0xA0, 0x0C,
0x00, 0xA0, 0xA0, 0x08,
0x00, 0x60, 0xE0, 0x10, 0x00, 0x20, 0x60, 0x20, 0x06, 0x00, 0x40, 0x60,
0x03, 0x00, 0x40, 0xC0,

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 DR. YANGA’S COLLEGES, INC.
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0x01, 0x80, 0x01, 0x80, 0x00, 0xC0, 0x03, 0x00, 0x00, 0x60, 0x06, 0x00,
0x00, 0x30, 0x0C, 0x00,
0x00, 0x08, 0x10, 0x00, 0x00, 0x06, 0x60, 0x00, 0x00, 0x03, 0xC0, 0x00,
0x00, 0x01, 0x80, 0x00
};

//Oxygen gas diagram

static const unsigned char PROGMEM O2_bmp[] = {
0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0xf0, 0x00, 0x3f, 0xc3, 0xf8, 0x00,
0xff, 0xf3, 0xfc,
0x03, 0xff, 0xff, 0xfe, 0x07, 0xff, 0xff, 0xfe, 0x0f, 0xff, 0xff, 0xfe, 0x0f, 0xff, 0xff,
0x7e,
0x1f, 0x80, 0xff, 0xfc, 0x1f, 0x00, 0x7f, 0xb8, 0x3e, 0x3e, 0x3f, 0xb0, 0x3e,
0x3f, 0x3f, 0xc0,
0x3e, 0x3f, 0x1f, 0xc0, 0x3e, 0x3f, 0x1f, 0xc0, 0x3e, 0x3f, 0x1f, 0xc0, 0x3e,
0x3e, 0x2f, 0xc0,
0x3e, 0x3f, 0x0f, 0x80, 0x1f, 0x1c, 0x2f, 0x80, 0x1f, 0x80, 0xcf, 0x80, 0x1f,
0xe3, 0x9f, 0x00,
0x0f, 0xff, 0x3f, 0x00, 0x07, 0xfe, 0xfe, 0x00, 0x0b, 0xfe, 0x0c, 0x00, 0x1d,
0xff, 0xf8, 0x00,
0x1e, 0xff, 0xe0, 0x00, 0x1f, 0xff, 0x00, 0x00, 0x1f, 0xf0, 0x00, 0x00, 0x1f,
0xe0, 0x00, 0x00,
0x0f, 0xe0, 0x00, 0x00, 0x07, 0x80, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
0x00, 0x00, 0x00
};

void setup() {
Serial.begin(115200);
Serial.println("System Start");
delay(3000);

//Use default I2C port, 400kHz speed

if (!particleSensor.begin(Wire, I2C_SPEED_FAST)){
Serial.println("MAX30102 not found");
while (1);
}

byte ledBrightness = 0x7F; //Brightness recommendations=127, Options:

0=Off to 255=50mA

byte sampleAverage = 4; //Options: 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, 32

byte ledMode = 2; //Options: 1 = Red only(心跳), 2 = Red + IR(blood oxy)
int sampleRate = 800; //Options: 50, 100, 200, 400, 800, 1000, 1600, 3200
int pulseWidth = 215; //Options: 69, 118, 215, 411
int adcRange = 16384; //Options: 2048, 4096, 8192, 16384
// Set up the wanted parameters
particleSensor.setup(ledBrightness, sampleAverage, ledMode, sampleRate,
pulseWidth, adcRange); //Configure sensor with these settings
particleSensor.enableDIETEMPRDY();

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particleSensor.setPulseAmplitudeRed(0x0A); //Turn Red LED to low to indicate

sensor is running
particleSensor.setPulseAmplitudeGreen(0); //Turn off Green LED

//Connecting to Wifi
WiFi.begin(WIFI_SSID,WIFI_PASSWORD);
Serial.print("Connecting to Wifi");
//If not connected
while(WiFi.status() != WL_CONNECTED){
Serial.print(".");
delay(300);
}

Serial.println();
Serial.print("connected to : ");
Serial.println(WIFI_SSID);
Serial.print("Connected with IP: ");
Serial.println(WiFi.localIP());
Serial.println();

//signed up in firebase
config.api_key = API_KEY;
config.database_url= DATABASE_URL;
if(Firebase.signUp(&config, &auth, "","")){
Serial.println("signUp OK");
signupOK = true;
}else{
Serial.printf("&s\n", config.signer.signupError.message.c_str());
}

config.token_status_callback = tokenStatusCallback;

Firebase.begin(&config, &auth);
Firebase.reconnectWiFi(true);
}//SETUP END

void loop() {
long irValue = particleSensor.getIR(); //Reading the IR value it will permit us to
know if there's a finger on the sensor or none
//Did you put your fingers?
if (irValue > 7000 ){
if (checkForBeat(irValue) == true){
//Heartbeat
//Oxygen values in the blood
if (beatAvg > 30)
Serial.print(String(ESpO2) + "%");
else

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 DR. YANGA’S COLLEGES, INC.
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Serial.println("---- %" );
delay(10);
//Serial.println("Bpm=");

//Serial.print(beatAvg);//The heartbeat is shown to the sequence

long delta = millis() - lastBeat;//Calculate poor heartbeat

lastBeat = millis();
beatsPerMinute = 60 / (delta / 1000.0);//Calculate the average heartbeat

if (beatsPerMinute < 255 && beatsPerMinute > 20){

//The heartbeat must be between 20 and 255 again
rates[rateSpot++] = (byte)beatsPerMinute;
rateSpot %= RATE_SIZE;
beatAvg = 0;//Calculate the average
for (byte x = 0 ; x < RATE_SIZE ; x++) beatAvg += rates[x];
beatAvg /= RATE_SIZE;
}
}

//Measure blood oxygen

uint32_t ir, red ;
double fred, fir;

particleSensor.check(); //Check the sensor, read up to 3 samples

if (particleSensor.available()){
i++;
ir = particleSensor.getFIFOIR();
red = particleSensor.getFIFORed(); //Read the red light

//Serial.println("red=" + String(red) + ",IR=" + String(ir) + ",i=" + String(i));

fir = (double)ir;
fred = (double)red;

aveir = aveir * frate + (double)ir * (1.0 - frate); //average IR level by low pass
filter
avered = avered * frate + (double)red * (1.0 - frate);//average red level by low
pass filter
sumirrms += (fir - aveir) * (fir - aveir);//square sum of alternate component
of IR level
sumredrms += (fred - avered) * (fred - avered); //square sum of alternate
component of red level

if ((i % Num) == 0){

double R = (sqrt(sumirrms) / aveir) / (sqrt(sumredrms) / avered);
SpO2 = -23.3 * (R - 0.4) + 100;
ESpO2 = FSpO2 * ESpO2 + (1.0 - FSpO2) * SpO2;//low pass filter

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if (ESpO2 <= MINIMUM_SPO2)

ESpO2 = MINIMUM_SPO2; //indicator for finger detached
if (ESpO2 > 100) ESpO2 = 99.9;

Serial.println(",SPO2=");

Serial.print(ESpO2);
sumredrms = 0.0; sumirrms = 0.0; SpO2 = 0;
i = 0;
}
particleSensor.nextSample(); //We're finished with this sample so move to
next sample
}

Serial.println("Bpm:" + String(beatAvg));
//Indicate the blood oxygen value, avoid misdetection, and set the heart rate
above 30 to indicate blood oxygen
if (beatAvg > 30)
Serial.println(",SPO2:" + String(ESpO2));
else
Serial.println(",SPO2:" + String(ESpO2));
Serial.println(" BPM");
Serial.print(beatAvg);

int pulse = beatAvg;

int oxygen = ESpO2;

if(Firebase.ready() && signupOK && (millis() - sendDataPreMillis > 5000 ||

sendDataPreMillis == 0)){
sendDataPreMillis = millis();

Serial.println(pulse);
Serial.println(oxygen);
delay(1000);

if(Firebase.RTDB.setInt(&fbdo, "Sensor/Pulse", pulse)){

Serial.println();
Serial.print(pulse);
Serial.print("Sucess" + fbdo.dataPath());
Serial.println("(" + fbdo.dataType() + ")");
}else{
Serial.println("Failed " + fbdo.errorReason());
}

if(Firebase.RTDB.setInt(&fbdo, "Sensor/Oxygen", oxygen)){

Serial.println();
Serial.print(oxygen);
Serial.print("Sucess" + fbdo.dataPath());
Serial.println("(" + fbdo.dataType() + ")");
}else{

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Serial.println("Failed " + fbdo.errorReason());

}
}
//If no Finger attached
}else{
for (byte rx = 0 ; rx < RATE_SIZE ; rx++) rates[rx] = 0;
beatAvg = 0; rateSpot = 0; lastBeat = 0;
avered = 0; aveir = 0; sumirrms = 0; sumredrms = 0;
SpO2 = 0; ESpO2 = 90.0;

Serial.println("Finger");
Serial.println("Please");
delay(2000);
}
}//Loop End

ESP32 2 CODE(TEMPERATURE AND BLOOD PRESSURE)

#include<WiFi.h> //ESP32 wifi library
#include<Firebase_ESP_Client.h> //Firebase Client Library
#include"addons/TokenHelper.h" //Firebase Library
#include"addons/RTDBHelper.h" //DB Firebase library
#include <Adafruit_MLX90614.h> // Temperature library

Adafruit_MLX90614 mlx = Adafruit_MLX90614(); //Temperature Sensor

//#define WIFI_SSID "LakerFanBoy 2.4G-b6vH" // Wifi Name

//#define WIFI_PASSWORD "fourfivesix456" //Wifi password
#define WIFI_SSID "DYCI_CLINIC" // Wifi Name
#define WIFI_PASSWORD "TWENTYTWENTYFOUR!" //Wifi password
#define API_KEY "AIzaSyBg-7ExLfb-2tRKW412KAQMEbpe32vMMNQ" //firebase
db api key
#define DATABASE_URL "https://esp32-test-acdca-default-rtdb.asia-
southeast1.firebasedatabase.app/" //firebase db url link

#define RXD2 16 //For transferring of data to ESP32

#define TXD2 17 //For transferring of data to ESP32

FirebaseData fbdo; // firebase db

FirebaseAuth auth; // firebase data path
FirebaseConfig config; // firebase data configuration

unsigned long sendDataPreMillis = 0; //Time interval in sending data to firebase

bool signupOK = false; //user sign up

String data = "0/0", fdata;

double temp_obj;
double ftemp_obj; //Object temperature

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int ir = 5;
const char buttn_save = 4;
bool pressed = false;

void setup() {
Serial.begin(9600);

Serial2.begin(9600, SERIAL_8N1, RXD2, TXD2);

pinMode(ir,INPUT);
pinMode(buttn_save, INPUT_PULLUP);

mlx.begin(); // initialize temparature sensor

WiFi.begin(WIFI_SSID,WIFI_PASSWORD);
Serial.print("Connecting to Wifi");
//If not connected
while(WiFi.status() != WL_CONNECTED){
Serial.print("."); delay(300);
}

Serial.println();
Serial.print("connected to : ");
Serial.println(WIFI_SSID);
Serial.print("Connected with IP: ");
Serial.println(WiFi.localIP());
Serial.println();

//signed up in firebase
config.api_key = API_KEY;
config.database_url= DATABASE_URL;
if(Firebase.signUp(&config, &auth, "","")){
Serial.println("signUp OK");
signupOK = true;
}else{
Serial.printf("&s\n", config.signer.signupError.message.c_str());
}

config.token_status_callback = tokenStatusCallback;
Firebase.begin(&config, &auth);
Firebase.reconnectWiFi(true);
}//END SET UP

void loop() {
temp_obj = mlx.readObjectTempC();
int irstate= digitalRead(ir);
bool state = digitalRead(buttn_save);

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if(irstate==LOW){
if(Firebase.ready() && signupOK && (millis() - sendDataPreMillis > 2000 ||
sendDataPreMillis == 0)){
sendDataPreMillis = millis();

//STORING DATA TO DATABASE

ftemp_obj = temp_obj + 4;

Serial.print("Object temp = " );

Serial.println(ftemp_obj);

if(Firebase.RTDB.setFloat(&fbdo, "Sensor/Body", ftemp_obj)){

Serial.println();
Serial.print(ftemp_obj);
Serial.print("Sucess" + fbdo.dataPath());
Serial.println("(" + fbdo.dataType() + ")");
}else{
Serial.println("Failed " + fbdo.errorReason());
}
}
}//IR END

//If there is data thrown by arduino

if(Serial2.available() > 0){
Serial.println("Message Received: ");
data = Serial2.readStringUntil('\n');
Serial.println(data);
}//ARDUINO END

//If button save pressed

if(state == pressed){
if(Firebase.ready() && signupOK && (millis() - sendDataPreMillis > 2000 ||
sendDataPreMillis == 0)){
sendDataPreMillis = millis();

fdata = data;

if(Firebase.RTDB.setString(&fbdo, "Sensor/BP", fdata)){

Serial.println();
Serial.print(fdata);
Serial.print("Sucess" + fbdo.dataPath());
Serial.println("(" + fbdo.dataType() + ")");
}else{
Serial.println("Failed " + fbdo.errorReason());
}
}
}
}//END LOOP

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ARDUINO UNO CODE(BLOOD PRESSURE)

#include <Wire.h> // i2c library for arduino.
#define BP_START_PIN (2) // start button of the blood pressure monitor
device. replaced a transistor.
#define VALVE_PIN (3) // checks if the measurement is done.
#define MEASURE_BEGIN_PIN (4) // indicates that a measurement should
start. this can be connected to switch or another MCU or raspberry pi.

volatile byte i2c_data_rx; // indicates there are available data from the i2c
bus.
volatile uint16_t count; // indicates the total number of data collected.
volatile uint8_t sys, dia; // stored the measure values: systolic, diastolic and
heart rate.

String sy, di;

void setup(){
Serial.begin(9600);
pinMode(BP_START_PIN, OUTPUT);
pinMode(VALVE_PIN, INPUT);
pinMode(MEASURE_BEGIN_PIN, INPUT_PULLUP);
Wire.begin(0x50); // the address of the EEPROM is 0x50. The
arduino should be the same.
Wire.onReceive(receiveEvent); // this is the interrupt initialization for
the i2c data.
}//SETUP END

void loop(){
if(digitalRead(MEASURE_BEGIN_PIN) == 0){ // The arduino is instructed to
start the measurement.
digitalWrite(BP_START_PIN, HIGH); // Emulating a push on the
button.
delay(200);
digitalWrite(BP_START_PIN, LOW);

delay(2000);
Serial.println("Start BP check...");
delay(2000); //need to secure that the value is already closed.

while(digitalRead(VALVE_PIN) == 0){
//Serial.println("BP On-going...");
delay(1000);
}

delay(2000);

digitalWrite(BP_START_PIN, HIGH);

delay(200);

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digitalWrite(BP_START_PIN, LOW);

delay(500);

if (count == 0){
Serial.println("No data");//If no count
}else if (count == 35){ //If successful
Serial.print("Blood Presure Data: ");
Serial.print(sys);
Serial.print("/");
Serial.println(dia);
Serial.println("");

sy = sys;
di = dia;

String final = sy + "/" + dia;

Serial.println("Final Output: ");
Serial.print(final);
}else{
Serial.println("error");
}

count = 0;
}
}//Loop End

//Getting the data from the blood pressure

void receiveEvent(int iData){ // Interrupt service routine.
if ( iData > 0 ){
while ( iData-- ){
i2c_data_rx = Wire.read();
//Serial.println(i2c_data_rx);
count++;

if (count == 28){
sys = i2c_data_rx;
}
if (count == 29){
dia = i2c_data_rx;
}
}}}

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 DR. YANGA’S COLLEGES, INC.
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WEB APPLICATION CODE

import React, { useEffect, useContext } from 'react';
import { FontAwesomeIcon} from "@fortawesome/react-fontawesome";
import { faHeart, faHeartbeat, faPercentage, faTemperature1} from
"@fortawesome/free-solid-svg-icons";
import firebase from '../firebaseConfig';
import { DataContext } from '../helper/Context';

function CardComp() {
const { temperature, setTemperature, pulse, setPulse, bp, setBP, oxygen,
setOxygen} = useContext(DataContext)

useEffect(() => {
const fetchData = async () => {
const dbRef = firebase.database().ref('Sensor');
dbRef.on('value', (snapshot) => {
const data = snapshot.val();
if (data) {
setTemperature(data.Body.toFixed(2));
setPulse(data.Pulse);
setBP(data.BP);
setOxygen(data.Oxygen);
}
});
};

fetchData();

return () => {
firebase.database().ref('Sensor').off();
};
}, []);

return (
<div className=' max-w-[1240px] mx-auto grid md:grid-cols-3 gap-8 '>
<div className='bg-[#2a1297] w-full shadow-xl flex flex-col p-4 my-4 rounded-lg
hover:scale-105 duration-300'>
<h2 className='text-2xl font-bold text-center py-8 text-
[#f56c03]'>Temperature</h2>
<p className='text-center text-6xl font-bold text-[#f9c700]'><FontAwesomeIcon
icon = {faTemperature1}/> {temperature} °C</p>
<p className='text-l font-medium text-center py-8 text-[#f9c700]'>Get
Temperature</p>

{/* <button className='bg-[#f56c03] w-[200px] rounded-md font-medium my-6

mx-auto py-3 text-white'>Get Temperature</button>*/}
</div>

<div className='bg-[#2a1297] w-full shadow-xl flex flex-col p-4 my-4 rounded-lg

hover:scale-105 duration-300'>

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 DR. YANGA’S COLLEGES, INC.
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<h2 className='text-2xl font-bold text-center py-8 text-[#f56c03]'>Pulse

Oximeter</h2>
<p className='text-center text-5xl font-bold text-[#f9c700]'><FontAwesomeIcon

icon = {faHeartbeat}/> {pulse} /min</p>

<p className='text-center text-5xl font-bold text-[#f9c700]'><FontAwesomeIcon
icon = {faPercentage}/> {oxygen} SPo2</p>
<p className='text-l font-medium text-center py-8 text-[#f9c700]'>Get Pulse &
Oxygen</p>
</div>

<div className='bg-[#2a1297] w-full shadow-xl flex flex-col p-4 my-4 rounded-lg

hover:scale-105 duration-300'>
<h2 className='text-2xl font-bold text-center py-8 text-[#f56c03]'>Blood
Pressure</h2>
<p className='text-center text-6xl font-bold text-[#f9c700]'><FontAwesomeIcon
icon = {faHeart}/> {bp}</p>
<p className='text-l font-medium text-center py-8 text-[#f9c700]'>Get Blood
Pressure</p>
{/*<button className='bg-[#f56c03] w-[200px] rounded-md font-medium my-6
mx-auto py-3 text-white'>Get Blood Pressure</button>*/}
</div>
</div>

);
}

export default CardComp;

import React, { useContext, useState } from 'react'

import CardComp from './CardComp'
import { DataContext } from '../helper/Context'
import axios from 'axios'

function Card() {

const { selectedUser, admin, temperature, pulse, oxygen, bp } =

useContext(DataContext)

const handleUpdate = () => {

if (!selectedUser.value || !selectedUser.value.id || !temperature || !pulse ||
!oxygen || !bp) {
console.error("Missing data");
return;
}

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 DR. YANGA’S COLLEGES, INC.
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const formattedBirthday = new

Date(selectedUser.value.birthday).toISOString().slice(0, 10);

axios.post("http://localhost:3003/record", {
id: selectedUser.value.id,

first_name: selectedUser.value.first_name,
middle_name: selectedUser.value.middle_name,
last_name: selectedUser.value.last_name,
age: selectedUser.value.age,
birthday: formattedBirthday,
gender: selectedUser.value.gender,
checked_by: selectedUser.value.checked_by,
temp: temperature,
pulse: pulse,
oxygen: oxygen,
bp: bp
}).catch((error) => {
if (error.response) {
console.error(error.response.data);
} else if (error.request) {
console.error(error.request);
} else {
console.error(error.message);
}
window.location.reload();
});
}

const handleCheck = () => {

if (!selectedUser.value || !selectedUser.value.id || !admin) {
console.error("Missing data");
return;
}

axios.put("http://localhost:3003/checkUpdate", {
id: selectedUser.value.id,
checked_by: admin ? admin : selectedUser.value.checked_by,
}).catch((error) => {
if (error.response) {
console.error(error.response.data);
} else if (error.request) {
console.error(error.request);
} else {
console.error(error.message);
}
window.location.reload();
});
}

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 DR. YANGA’S COLLEGES, INC.
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const handleRecord = () => {

handleUpdate()
handleCheck()
}

return (

<div className='w-full py-[1.2rem] px-4 bg-white'>

<CardComp />

<div className='mx-auto w-full py-[2rem] px-4 bg-white'>

<button className='bg-[#f56c03] w-[200px] rounded-md font-bold my-0 mx-
auto py-2 text-white hover:scale-105' onClick={handleRecord}>Record</button>
</div>
</div>

)
}

export default Card

import React from 'react'

function Footer() {
return (

<div className=' w-full flex justify-between'>

<ul className=' w-full flex justify-between m-3'>
<li className='text-white font-semibold'>DR. YANGA'S HOSPITAL</li>

<li className='text-white hidden lg:block'><a

href="https://www.facebook.com/DYHospital" target="_blank" rel="noopener

noreferrer">https://www.facebook.com/DYHospital/</a></li>
<li className='text-white font-semibold'>(+63)922 881 4335</li>
<li className='text-white hidden lg:block'>252 P. Burgos Street, Poblacion,
Bocaue, Philippines</li>
</ul>
</div>
)
}

export default Footer

import React from 'react'

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Nightingale: Enhancing Healthcare System Through An Advanced Assistive Kiosk

import MainComp from './MainComp'

function Main() {
return (

<div className='w-full py-[2.2rem] px-4 bg-white'>

<MainComp />
</div>
)
}
export default Main

import React, { useContext } from 'react';

import { DataContext } from "../helper/Context";

function MainComp() {
const { selectedUser, admin, setAdmin } = useContext(DataContext)

return (
<div className='bg-[#f29d0a] p-4 w-full'>
<h2 className='text-[#201261] mb-5 font-bold text-2xl pb-3 md:text-3xl'>VITAL
SIGNS READINGS</h2>
<div className='grid lg:grid-cols-3' >
<div>

<h6>Name: {selectedUser.value ? (<span className='font-semibold text-

[#201261]'>{[selectedUser.value.first_name, selectedUser.value.middle_name,
selectedUser.value.last_name].join(' ')}</span>) : null}</h6>
<h6>Age: {selectedUser.value ? (<span className='font-semibold text-

[#201261]'>{selectedUser.value.age}</span>) : null}</h6>
</div>
<div>
<h6>Birthdate: {selectedUser.value ? (<span className='font-semibold text-
[#201261]'>{new Date(selectedUser.value.birthday).toLocaleDateString('en-US', {
year: 'numeric', month: 'long', day: 'numeric', timeZone: "UTC" })}</span>) :
null}</h6>
<h6>Gender: {selectedUser.value ? (<span className='font-semibold text-
[#201261]'>{selectedUser.value.gender}</span>) : null}</h6>
</div>
<div>
<input placeholder = 'Name' className='w-75 px-1 hidden lg:block font-bold
text-[#201261]' value={admin} onChange={(e) => setAdmin(e.target.value)} />
<h6 className='text-gray-500'>Checked By: {selectedUser.value ?
(<span>{selectedUser.value.checked_by}</span>) : null}</h6>
</div>

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 DR. YANGA’S COLLEGES, INC.
Nightingale: Enhancing Healthcare System Through An Advanced Assistive Kiosk

</div>
</div>
)
}

export default MainComp

import axios from 'axios'

import React, { useContext, useState } from 'react'
import {AiOutlineClose, AiOutlineMenu} from 'react-icons/ai'
import Select from 'react-select';
import { DataContext } from '../helper/Context'

function Navbar() {
const { user, setUser, setSelectedUser } = useContext(DataContext)
const [open, setOpen] = useState(false)

const handleOpen = () => {

setOpen(!open)
}

const handleUsers = () => {

axios.get("http://localhost:3003/users").then((response) => {
setUser(response.data)
console.log(response.data)

}).catch((error) => {
if (error) {
window.location.reload();
} else {
console.error(error);
}
});
}

const options = user.map((names) => ({

value: names,
label: `${names.first_name} ${names.last_name} (ID: ${names.id})`
}))

return (
<div className='grid lg:grid-cols-3 grid-cols-2 justify-between items-center max-
w[1240px] h-20 mx-5 px-auto'>
<div className='' onClick={handleOpen}>
{open ? <AiOutlineClose size={20} /> : <AiOutlineMenu size={20} />}
</div>

<div onClick={handleUsers}>

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 DR. YANGA’S COLLEGES, INC.
Nightingale: Enhancing Healthcare System Through An Advanced Assistive Kiosk

<Select isSearchable={true} options={options} placeholder="Search"

onChange={setSelectedUser}
noOptionsMessage={({ inputValue }) => {
if (!inputValue) {
return 'Please enter ID or name to search';
}

return `No matching names for "${inputValue}"`;

}} />
</div>

<h2 className='px-10 text-white font-semibold text-xl '>NIGHTINGALE</h2>

</div>
)
}

export default Navbar

import React, { createContext, useState } from "react";

const DataContext = createContext();

const Context = ({ children }) => {

const [name, setName] = useState("");
const [age, setAge] = useState(0);
const [birthdate, setdate] = useState("");
const [gender, setGender] = useState("");
const [checkedby, setCheckedby] = useState("");
const [temperature, setTemperature] = useState(0.0);
const [pulse, setPulse] = useState(0);
const [oxygen, setOxygen] = useState(0);
const [bp, setBP] = useState("");
const [user, setUser] = useState([]);
const [selectedUser, setSelectedUser] = useState([]);
const [admin, setAdmin] = useState("");
return (
<DataContext.Provider
value={{
name,
setName,
age,
setAge,
birthdate,
setdate,
gender,
setGender,
checkedby,
setCheckedby,
temperature,
setTemperature,

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 DR. YANGA’S COLLEGES, INC.
Nightingale: Enhancing Healthcare System Through An Advanced Assistive Kiosk

pulse,
setPulse,
oxygen,
setOxygen,
setBP,
bp,
user,

setUser,
selectedUser,
setSelectedUser,
admin,
setAdmin,
}}
>
{children}
</DataContext.Provider>

);
};
export { DataContext, Context };

FIREBASE CONFIGURATION
import firebase from "firebase/compat/app"; // Use compat version for v9 and
above
import "firebase/compat/auth"; // Use compat version for v9 and above
import "firebase/compat/database"; // Use compat version for v9 and above

const firebaseApp = firebase.initializeApp({

apiKey: "AIzaSyBg-7ExLfb-2tRKW412KAQMEbpe32vMMNQ",
authDomain: "esp32-test-acdca.firebaseapp.com",
databaseURL: "https://esp32-test-acdca-default-rtdb.asia-
southeast1.firebasedatabase.app",
projectId: "esp32-test-acdca",
storageBucket: "esp32-test-acdca.appspot.com",
messagingSenderId: "1014279432076",
appId: "1:1014279432076:web:3c1137f7e0539cd62918a9"
});

export const auth = firebaseApp.auth();

export const db = firebaseApp.database(); // Access the Realtime Database
export default firebaseApp;

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Nightingale: Enhancing Healthcare System Through An Advanced Assistive Kiosk

E. REFERENCES

1 Alviscan. (2024, May 7). Alviscan - Self measurement kiosk for vital signs.
https://alviscan.com/#:~:text=With%20Alviscan%20self%2Dmeasurement%20ki
osk,easily%20take%20the%20measurements%20themselves.
2 Sustuedo, R. (n.d.). Info kiosk. Scribd.

https://www.scribd.com/document/477151538/Info-kiosk

3 Monreal, C. F. (2020, January 1). Development of Smart Health Screening System

for Rural Communities in the Philippines. www.academia.edu.

https://www.academia.edu/65281554/Development_of_Smart_Health_Screenin

g_System_for_Rural_Communities_in_the_Philippine

4 Maramba, I., Jones, R., Austin, D., Edwards, K., Meinert, E., & Chatterjee, A.

(2022, March 29). The Role of Health Kiosks: Scoping Review. JMIR Medical

Informatics. https://doi.org/10.2196/26511

5 Alamsyah, A., Subito, M., Ikhlayel, M., & Setijadi, E. (2020, December 1).

Internet of things–based vital sign monitoring system. International Journal of

Power Electronics and Drive Systems/International Journal of Electrical and

Computer Engineering. https://doi.org/10.11591/ijece.v10i6.pp5891-5898

6 DESIGN AND DEVELOPMENT OF SELF-SERVICE TELEMEDICINE KIOSK FOR

REMOTE TOWNS | Manipal International University, Malaysia. (n.d.).

https://miu.edu.my/events/design-and-development-self-service-telemedicine-

kiosk-remote-towns

7 Mahmood, A., Wyant, D. K., Kedia, S., Ahn, S., Powell, M. P., Yu, J., & Bhuyan,

S. S. (2020, May 1). Self-Check-In Kiosks Utilization and Their Association With Wait

Times in Emergency Departments in the United States. ˜ the œJournal of Emergency

Medicine/˜ the œJournal of Emergency Medicine (S.l. Online).

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jemermed.2019.11.019

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 DR. YANGA’S COLLEGES, INC.
Nightingale: Enhancing Healthcare System Through An Advanced Assistive Kiosk

8 Jaber, M. M., Alameri, T., Ali, M. H., Alsyouf, A., Al‐ Bsheish, M., Aldhmadi, B.

K., Ali, S., Khalil, S., Ali, S. F., Albaker, W., & Jarrar, M. (2022, February 5).

Remotely Monitoring COVID-19 Patient Health Condition Using Metaheuristics

Convolute Networks from IoT-Based Wearable Device Health Data. Sensors.

https://doi.org/10.3390/s22031205

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 DR. YANGA’S COLLEGES, INC.
Nightingale: Enhancing Healthcare System Through An Advanced Assistive Kiosk

F. CURRICULUM VITAE

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 DR. YANGA’S COLLEGES, INC.
Nightingale: Enhancing Healthcare System Through An Advanced Assistive Kiosk

MENDOZA, PAOLO RAY M.

Lolomboy, Bocaue, Bulacan
[email protected]
0995-725-2761

Seeking a position that utilizes state-of-the-art, software and/or hardware

components with a creative, technology-driven organization in an environment
that encourages innovative thinking, recognition, and career development.

EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND
Senior High School
Jesus Is Lord Colleges Foundation Inc.
Bunlo, Bocaue, Bulacan
Academic Track-STEM
2017-2019

Junior High School

Jesus Is Lord Colleges Foundation Inc.
Bunlo, Bocaue, Bulacan
2013-2017

Corinthian School.
Lolomboy, Bocaue, Bulacan

SKILLS
Video and Photo Editing
Patience
Persistent
Fast Learner
Team Player

SEMINARS ATTENDED
Immersion Seminar for STEM 2018
JILCF-AVR, August 2018
PERSONAL PROFILE
Birthday: April 3, 2000
Age : 22
Religion : Catholic
Citizenship : Filipino
Spoken Language : English & Tagalog

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 DR. YANGA’S COLLEGES, INC.
Nightingale: Enhancing Healthcare System Through An Advanced Assistive Kiosk

DATUIN, ROVILIE A.
Balagtas, Bulacan
[email protected]
0939-8281-216

I am a person who's hard working to pursue the career I want.

To explore more knowledge, skills, and ideas in the field of
Computer Engineering. I am responsible for every task that
will be assigned to me in any difficult circumstances.

EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND
College
Bachelor of Science in
Computer Engineering
Wakas, Bocaue, Bulacan
2020-Present

Junior and Senior High School

Dr. Yanga’s Colleges Inc.
Wakas, Bocaue, Bulacan
2013-2020

SKILLS
Flexibility and Adaptability
Microsoft Office Skills
Basic Computer Literacy
Time Management
Team Player

SEMINARS ATTENDED
Mobile Application Development Using
React Native December 2, 2022
Empowering the Digital World Through
Research: A Training Workshop December 10, 2022
SAP- Systems, Applications, and Products
in Data Processing- Training w/
Certification April 11, 2023

PERSONAL PROFILE
Birthday: March 21, 2002
Age : 22
Religion : Catholic
Citizenship : Filipino
Spoken Language : English & Tagalog

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Nightingale: Enhancing Healthcare System Through An Advanced Assistive Kiosk

DE GUZMAN, REGHIE MAE D.

Panginay, Balagtas, Bulacan
[email protected]
0951-9301-706

Pursuing opportunities that will allow me to grow further while efficiently

leveraging my diverse skill set to help in exceeding team goal. For me to
acquire professional experience that will contribute to my personal growth and
knowledge expansion. Enhance my abilities in communication and social
interaction.

EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND
College
Bachelor of Science in
Computer Engineering
Wakas, Bocaue, Bulacan
2020-Present

Junior and Senior High School

Dr. Yanga’s Colleges Inc.
Wakas, Bocaue, Bulacan
2013-2019

SKILLS
Proficient in using Microsoft Office Application
Proficient in Database Management
Excellent Data Entry
Proficient in Programming Language (Java & C++)
Familiar with AutoCAD and its functionalities
Ability to work Independently or in a Team

SEMINARS ATTENDED
Mobile Application Development Using
React Native December 2, 2022
Empowering the Digital World Through
Research: A Training Workshop December 10, 2022
SAP- Systems, Applications, and Products
in Data Processing- Training w/
Certification April 11, 2023
Work Immersion | MDC Designs and Associates, Architecture Firm Grade 12
PERSONAL PROFILE
Birthday: July 30, 2001
Age : 22
Religion : Catholic
Citizenship : Filipino
Spoken Language : English & Tagalog

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Nightingale: Enhancing Healthcare System Through An Advanced Assistive Kiosk

DELA TORRE, NEO A.

Bocaue, Bulacan
[email protected]
0945-773-8411

To gain experience and become familiar with the corporate system, to help the
company as well as the cp-workers, to find a new opportunity in the field that
I will enter.

EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND
College
Bachelor of Science in
Computer Engineering
Wakas, Bocaue, Bulacan
2020-Present

Junior High School

Lolomboy National High School
Senior High School
Sta. Maria National High School

SKILLS
Sales
Tech Literate
Data Management
Network Security
Financial Market/ Trading Business Management

WORK EXPERIENCE
Puregold ( Sales Assistant)
Lalamove (Lalamove Rider)
Johnlicious Barbecue (Salesman)
Jollibee (Dining)

PERSONAL PROFILE
Birthday: August 25, 2002
Age : 22
Citizenship : Filipino
Spoken Language : English & Tagalog

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 DR. YANGA’S COLLEGES, INC.
Nightingale: Enhancing Healthcare System Through An Advanced Assistive Kiosk

LEGASPI, ELISEO R.
Caingin, Bocaue, Bulacan
[email protected]
0969-1956-840

Motivated and detail-oriented Computer Engineering fresh graduate seeking a

first job opportunity to apply theoretical knowledge, gain hands on experience
and contribute to the success of a dynamic organization

EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND
College
Bachelor of Science in
Computer Engineering
Wakas, Bocaue, Bulacan
2020-Present

Junior and Senior High School

Dr. Yanga’s Colleges Inc.
Wakas, Bocaue, Bulacan
2013-2020

SKILLS
Microsoft Office Specialist
Networking Basics
Programming Basics
Analytical Skills
Team Player
Strategic

PERSONAL PROFILE
Birthday: April 14, 2002
Age : 22
Citizenship : Filipino
Spoken Language : English & Tagalog

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Nightingale: Enhancing Healthcare System Through An Advanced Assistive Kiosk

WEE, LEYENNE THERESE D.

Duhat, Bocaue, Bulacan
[email protected]
0961-4155-616

I am committed to meeting and exceeding goal, as well as to ongoing learning

and professional improvement. Seeking internships to apply and improve
technical skills in a fast-paced and challenging workplace.
EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND
College
Bachelor of Science in
Computer Engineering
Wakas, Bocaue, Bulacan
2020-Present

Senior High School

Jesus Is Lord Colleges Foundation Inc.,
Wakas, Bocaue, Bulacan
2019-2020

SKILLS
Programming Languages (C++ and Java)
Circuit Design and Analysis
Hardware Design
Microsoft Office Application
SEMINARS ATTENDED
Mobile Application Development Using
React Native December 2, 2022
Research Capacity Building December 10, 2022
SAP- Systems, Applications, and Products
in Data Processing- Training w/
Certification April 11, 2023
SAP Business 1 Training April 2023
Work Immersion | Panginay Unida Christian School, Inc. 2020

WORK EXPERIENCE
Store Keeper June 2018 - present

PERSONAL PROFILE
Religion : Catholic
Citizenship : Filipino
Spoken Language : English & Tagalog

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71