List Of All Wars Fought By India After

Independence
After Independence, there were numerous attempts to curtail the sovereignty of our nation as well as to
lay claim on Indian territories. Most of these conflicts were against Pakistan, although China too has been
involved in armed conflict. The fact that India emerged victorious in all these campaigns except the 1962
Indo-Sino war is a testament to the bravery and capability of the Indian armed forces.

This article presents the list of all the wars India fought after its Independence :

 The First Kashmir War of 1947 – 48

 The Sino – Indian War of 1962
 The Indo – Pak War of 1965
 The Sino – Indian War of 1967
 The Indo – Pak War of 1971
 The Kargil War of 1999

 The First Indo-Pak War of 1947-48

 As a result of India and Pakistan’s territorial claims to Jammu and Kashmir. The 1947 Indian
Independence Act – Any Princely State that was once a part of the British Raj has the option of
remaining independent or joining one of India’s or Pakistan’s Dominions. Maharaja Hari Singh, a
Hindu prince from the Dogra dynasty, reigned over the Muslim majority of Kashmir (3/5th). Hari
Singh opted to remain independent and apart from both India’s and Pakistan’s dominions until
Pakistan invaded his region fiercely in an attempt to take it. He requested India’s assistance since
he was unable to retaliate. Nehru stated unequivocally that Indian forces would only fight the war
if Kashmir was proclaimed an Indian province. On October 2, 1948, the Maharaja made his final
decision to join India in order to preserve his people. On that day, a “Document of Accession” was
signed, formally transferring all of Kashmir to India, subject to a few restrictions imposed by Hari
Singh. Nehru and his cabinet intended for special Articles to be preserved under the Indian
Constitution, and Kashmir to be constituted a State of India with Autonomous Status, in order to
respect the King’s views.

 From October 1947 until December 1948, the conflict was waged (1 year 2 months).

 On January 1, 1949, the United Nations Security Council passed a ceasefire resolution, ending
the war. The ceasefire established the “ceasefire line” that divides Kashmir into Indian and
Pakistani-controlled sectors.

 The Second Indo-Pak War of 1965

 From April 8 to September 23, 1965, this conflict was fought (5 months 15 days).

 Although the UN’s strong pleas for a ceasefire (in the form of resolutions) brought the military
confrontations between India and Pakistan to a halt, no measures were done to ensure a long-
term peace. The Soviet Union acted as a mediator at the time.

 TASHKENT AGREEMENT CAME AS A RESULT OF THIS WAR.

 An India-Pakistan summit conference was conducted in Tashkent (the current capital of
Uzbekistan) in the southern portion of the Soviet Union on January 4, 1966, after more obstacles.
Premier Kosygin served as the mediator between Prime Minister Lal Bahadur Shastri of India and
President Ayub Khan of Pakistan. The summit ended on January 10 with the adoption of the
Tashkent Declaration on January 11. The leaders resolved, among other things, to settle
problems between the two nations amicably and without resorting to force in line with the United
Nations Charter. Withdraw the armed troops of the two nations to the positions they had at the
commencement of the conflict on August 5, 1965 no later than February 25, 1966; and Hold talks
between the two governments to resolve the disagreements.

 The Third Indo-Pak War of 1971

 Fought from the 3rd December to 16th of December in 1971, (14 days). It is also known as the
Bangladesh Liberation War. Prime Minister Indira Gandhi was considering expelling Pakistan’s
army and air force from southern Azad Kashmir and freeing the region. To deter India from
attacking West Pakistan, the US dispatched the Seventh Fleet to the Bay of Bengal. According to
international accounts, the conflict began with Operation Chenghiz Khan on December 3, 1971,
when Pakistan conducted pre-emptive air strikes on 11 Indian airbases. Pakistan signed a
“Document of Surrender” on December 16, 1971, making 93000 Paki soldiers prisoners of war.
Mukti Vahini, together with India’s military forces, defeated Pakistan.

 As part of Operation Python and Operation Trident, India effectively destroyed much of Karachi’s
base, as well as the PNS Ghazni, PNS Khyber, PNS Muhafiz, PNS Shah Jahan, and seven
gunboats. Along with some frigates, destroyers, and submarines, the INS Vikrant played a key
part in the conflict. The Indian Air Force quickly gained control of Dhaka after destroying a
Pakistani air base. The Pakistani military was further humiliated when India only released 90,000
(POWs) after the Simla Agreement was negotiated and signed on July 2, 1972.

 Half of Pakistan’s navy, a quarter of its air force, and a third of its army were destroyed.

 Both China and the United States backed Pakistan politically and financially, while our old
partner, the Soviet Union, publicly backed India and rejected the United States’ UNSC resolution
calling for a cease-fire between India and Pakistan.

 The Indo-China War of 1962

 The Indo-China War lasted from October 20 to November 21, 1962.

 The controversy dates back to the “McMahon Line” being drawn. The Simla Convention, which
took place at Simla from 1913 to 1914 and was attended by Britain (represented by Sir Henry
McMahon), China, and Tibet, established this boundary. The McMahon Line is not recognized by
China since the Chinese Kuomintang government, which was in power at the time, did not sign
the treaty; nonetheless, India believes it to be the boundary. As a result, the Indian state of
Arunachal Pradesh (with an area of 83,743 km2) and China’s Aksai Chin (with an area of 37,555
km2) in northeastern Kashmir have become disputed territory.

 The McMahon Line is reported to have enlarged British India’s territory in this area (now AP
State) northward and pushed its border out 60 miles (100 kilometers) towards Tibet. Tawang
became part of British India as a result of this expansion. In addition, the Trans-Karakoram Tract
(5,800 km2) in northern Kashmir is a contested territory between India and China. In other words,
Pakistan handed authority of this territory to China by the Sino-Pakistan Agreement of March 2,
1963, under the proviso that the transfer would only be effective until the Kashmir conflict was
resolved. On the same day, India registered complaints with both governments, claiming the area
as Indian territory.
 The Fourth Indo-Pak War of 1999 / Kargil War

 Militant infiltrations were first discovered in Kargil.

 Due to the harsh weather conditions, it was usual practice for Indian and Pakistani forces to leave
forward stations during this period. In the spring, the same positions would be filled again. In a
move to retake Kashmir this spring, the Pakistan Army took Indian installations as well.

 As a reaction to Pakistan’s Operation Badr, the Army launched Operation Vijay. Operation Safed
Sagar was initiated by the Indian Air Force to assist the ground forces. In the history of the Indian
Armed Forces, this conflict saw the first large-scale deployment of air power. Our Army recruited
2,00,000 Indian troops and several thousand from India’s paramilitary forces, as planned by
several commanders led by Army Chief General Ved Prakash Malik.

 Intruders were discovered to be firmly entrenched, and artillery strikes had had only limited
effects. The Air Force was required in remote places. On May 30, 1999, the IAF’s No. 7 Squadron
deployed Mirage 2000 aircraft. No. 7 Squadron of the Indian Air Force flew for three days and
killed infiltrators at Muntho Dhalo, Tiger Hill, Points 4388 and 5140. The enemy’s logistical and
resupply capabilities in the Batalik sector were damaged by these attacks. Tiger Hill was well-
defended and guarded by the IAF. The Israelis sent the Indian military 100 laser-guided bomb
kits, which the Air Force opted to deploy to retaliate against the Pakistani bunkers. Aircraft flew to
a height of 10,000 feet above ground level, well outside the range of MANPADs (man-portable
air-defense systems), resulting in greater bomb drop accuracy.

 11 July 1999: Indian soldiers retake critical Batalik positions. Prime Minister Atal Bihari
Vajpayee calls Operation Vijay and Safed Sagar a success on July 14, 1999. The Indian
administration has outlined the parameters for negotiations with Pakistan. The Kargil
conflict officially ended on July 26, 1999. Pakistani regular and irregular forces would be
completely withdrawn from India, according to the Indian Army.
Wars before India’s Independence
1. The Battle of Buxar was fought between 22 and 23 October 1764, between the forces under the
command of the British East India Company, led by Hector Munro, and the combined armies of Mir
Qasim, Nawab of Bengal till 1764; the Nawab of Awadh, Shuja-ud-Daula; and the Mughal Emperor, Shah
Alam II.[3] The battle was fought at Buxar, a "strong fortified town" within the territory of Bihar, located on
the banks of the Ganga river about 130 kilometres (81 mi) west of Patna; it was a challenging victory for
the British East India Company. The war was brought to an end by the Treaty of Allahabad in 1765.