INTERNSHIP

REPORT
On
CONCRETE TECHNOLOGY

Topic :- Building concrete blocks using Eco-friendly materials

Specific Gravity Test:
1) Saw Dust
W1 = weight of pycometer empty = 0.434kg
W2 = weight of pycometer filled with saw dust(150gms) = 0.584Kg
W3 = weight of pycometer filled with saw dust (150gms) and water upto
brim = 1.88kg
W4 = weight of pycometer filled with water upto brim = 1.3kg

Specific gravity = W2-W1/(W2-W1)-(W3-W4)

= 0.584 – 0.434/(0.584 – 0.434)-(1.288-1.3)
= 0.925
2) Quarry Dust
W1 = weight of pycometer empty = 0.434kg
W2 = weight of pycometer filled with Quarry Dust (200gms) = 0.634Kg
W3 = weight of pycometer filled with Quarry dust (200gms) and water
upto brim = 0.970kg
W4 = weight of pycometer filled with water upto brim = 1.274kg

Specific gravity = W2-W1/(W2-W1)-(W3-W4)

= 0.634 – 0.434/(0.634 – 0.434)-(0.970-1.274)
= 0.396
3)Fly ash
W1 = weight of pycometer empty = 0.641kg
W2 = weight of pycometer filled with Fly Ash (100gms) = 0.741Kg
W3 = weight of pycometer filled with Fly Ash (100gms) and water upto
brim = 1.5715kg
W4 = weight of pycometer filled with water upto brim = 1.509kg

Specific gravity = W2-W1/(W2-W1)-(W3-W4)

= 0.741 – 0.641/(0.741 – 0.434)-(1.5715-1.509)
= 3.3
4). Rice Husk Ash
W1 = weight of pycometer empty = 0.409kg
W2 = weight of pycometer filled with Rice husk ash (100gms) = 0.509Kg
W3 = weight of pycometer filled with Rice husk ash (100gms) and water
upto brim = 1.461kg
W4 = weight of pycometer filled with water upto brim = 1.406kg

Specific gravity = W2-W1/(W2-W1)-(W3-W4)

= 0.509 – 0.409/(0.509 – 0.409)-(1.461-1.406)
= 2.22

5). Sand
W1 = weight of pycometer empty = 0.641kg
W2 = weight of pycometer filled with Sand (150gms) = 1.0465Kg
W3 = weight of pycometer filled with Sand (150gms) and water upto brim
= 1.7745kg
W4 = weight of pycometer filled with water upto brim = 1.509kg

Specific gravity = W2-W1/(W2-W1)-(W3-W4)

= 1.0465– 0.641/(1.0465– 0.641)-(1.7745-1.509)
= 2.896
6). Cement
W1 = weight of pycometer empty = 0.434kg
W2 = weight of pycometer filled with Cement (150gms) = 0.584Kg
W3 = weight of pycometer filled with Cement (150gms) and water upto
brim = 1.404kg
W4 = weight of pycometer filled with water upto brim = 1.296kg

Specific gravity = W2-W1/(W2-W1)-(W3-W4)

= 0.584 – 0.434/(0.584 – 0.434)-(1.404-1.296)
= 3.57
Bulk Density Test
1). Saw Dust
W1 =Weight of empty container = 2.960Kg
W3 =Weight of container filled with Saw dust = 3.440Kg
W4 =Weight of container filled with Saw dust with
compaction = 3.734Kg
W2 =Weight of container filled with water = 5.892Kg
Weight of water = W2-W1 =
Volume of mould = Weight of water/Density of water = weight of water
× 10^-3Kg/1000Kg/m^3
Volume of saw dust = 5.892Kg-2.960Kg/1000Kg/m^2 = 0.00286m^3
Bulk density = W3-W1/V = 3.440-2.960/0.00286
= 167.832

2). Sand
W1 =Weight of empty container = 2.960Kg
W3 =Weight of container filled with Sand = 7.470Kg
W4 =Weight of container filled with Sand with
compaction = 8.250Kg
W2 =Weight of container filled with water = 5.892Kg
Weight of water = W2-W1 =
Volume of mould = Weight of water/Density of water = weight of water
× 10^-3Kg/1000Kg/m^3
Volume of Sand = 5.892Kg-2.960Kg/1000Kg/m^2 = 0.00286m^3
Bulk density = W3-W1/V = 7.470-2.960/0.00286
= 1576.92Kg
 Sieve Analysis
1). Quarry Dust
Sample taken = 2Kg

Sieve Size Weight retained on each sieve

4.75mm 1.022Kg
2.36mm 0.320Kg
1.18mm 0.282Kg
0.6mm 0.166Kg
0.3mm 0.100Kg
0.15mm 0.070Kg
0.075mm 0.022Kg
Pan 0.026Kg

2). Sand
Sample taken = 1Kg

Sieve Size Weight retained on each sieve

10mm 0 gm
4.75mm 16gm
2.36mm 34.5gm
1.18mm 40gm
0.6mm 33.5gm
0.3mm 380gm
0.15mm 370gm
0.075mm 97gm
Pan 24gm

Water Absorption Test

1). Saw Dust

Weight of saturated saw dust with pan = 1.110Kg

Weight of oven dried saw dust with pan = 0.880Kg
 Water absorption = (1.110Kg-0.880Kg)×100/0.880Kg = 26.136%.

2). Quarry dust

Weight of saturated Quarry dust with pan = 1.372Kg

Weight of oven dried Quarry dust with pan = 1.248Kg

Water absorption = (1.372Kg-1.248Kg)×100/1.248Kg = 9.935%

Fineness of cement Test

Initial sample weight = 100gm
Sieve = 9µ
Shake = 15min
Residue ≥ 10%
Residue = 8.5gm
So, Weight greater than 10%.

Consistency of Cement
It is used to find the required percentage of water for a cement paste. It is
done by a Vicat Apparatus. The needle inserted should be between 5mm-
7mm from below the vicat mould.
Cement used = 400gm

Water added (in %) Water added (in ml) Result

35% 140ml 0mm
32% 128ml 0mm
31% 124ml 5.5mm
30% 120ml 9mm
Initial Setting Time of cement
Cement used = 500gm
Formula = 500gm + 0.85P; where P= percentage of water
= 500gm + 0.85 × 30% water
= 500gm + 25.5% water = 500gm cement + 127.5ml water
Time elapsed (in Penetration readings Time
mins)
0 mins 0mm 11:00am
10mins 0mm 11:10am
20mins 0mm 11:20am
30mins 1.5mm 11:30am
40mins 1.5mm 11:40am
50mins 2.5mm 11:50am
60mins 2.5mm 12:00pm
120mins 4mm 1:00pm
165mins 6mm 1:45pm

MORTAR MIX (1:3)

IS :2250 -1981 Code for preparation and use of masonry mortars
Volume of mortar = 0.07*0.07*0.07= 0.000343m^3
Mix ratio = 1:3
Dry volume = 0.00343* 1.33(1.25)
= 0.000456m^3
Cement quantity = Dry weight * cement ratio /sum of ratio
= 0.000456 * 1/1+3
Cement[IS:8112-1989] = 0.00011404m^3
Density of cement = 1440KG/m^3
Weight of cement = 1440 * 0.00011404 = 0.1642kg(164.2 gm)
NOW,
Cement /Sand = 1/3
Sand = cement * 3
Sand[IS:2116- 1980] = 0.00011404 * 3 = 0.0003421 m^3
Density of sand = 1920 KG/m^3
Weight of sand = 0.00034214*1920
= 0.657 kg (657.4 gm)
Assume w/c constant = 0.50 (Assuming severe condition)
Weight of water = weight of cement * w/c ratio
= 0.1642*0.50 = 0.0821 = 825 ml

# For each mix 6 samples are created

CONTROL MIX (MIX 0): For each sample
Cement = 165gm
Sand = 660 gm
Water = 82.5 ml
Cement replaced
MIX 1 : For each sample
Sand = 660 gm
Water = 82.5 ml
Cement = 50% = 82.5 gm
Fly ash(IS:3812 part 1 -1966) = 25 % = 37.7gm
Rice husk ash = 25% = 28.60 gm
MIX 2: For each sample
Sand = 660 gm
Water = 82.5 ml
 Cement = 50% = 82.5 gm
Fly ash = 20% = 30.5 gm
Rice Husk = 30% = 34.5 gm

MIX 3: For each sample

Sand = 618 gm
Water = 77.17 ml
Cement = 50% = 77.50 gm
Fly ash = 15 % = 21.40 gm
Rice husk = 35% = 32.47 gm
MIX 4: For each sample
Sand = 618 gm
Water 77.17ml
Cement = 50% = 77.50 gm
Fly ash = 30 % = 42.80 gm
Rice husk = 20 % = 21.65 gm
Sand replaced
MIX 5: For each sample
Cement = 155 gm
Water = 77.17 gm
Sand = 50% = 314 gm
Quarry dust = 25% = 135.40 gm
Saw dust = 25 % = 53.23 gm

MIX 6: For each sample

Cement = 155 gm
 Water = 77.17 gm
Sand = 50% = 314gm
Quarry Dust = 30% = 162.24 gm
Saw dust = 20% = 42.24 gm
MIX 7: For each sample
Cement =155gm
Water = 77.17 ml
Sand = 50% = 314 gm
Quarry dust = 40% = 216.64 gm
Saw dust = 10% = 21.29 gm
MIX 8 : For each sample
Cement = 155 gm
Water = 77.17 ml
Sand = 50 % = 314 gm
Quarry dust = 35% = 189.50 gm
Saw Dust = 15% = 31.94 gm
MIX 9 : For each sample
Cement = 142 gm
Water = 56.79 ml
Sand = 284 gm
Quarry dust = 25 % = 124.4 gm
Crumb rubber = 25% = 51.5gm
MIX 10: For each sample
Cement = 142 gm
Water = 56.79 ml
Sand = 284 gm
 Quarry dust = 30 % = 149.33 gm
Crumb rubber = 20% = 41. 27 gm

MIX 11 : For each sample

Cement = 142 gm
Water = 56.79 ml
Sand = 284 gm
Quarry dust = 20 % = 99.55 gm
Crumb rubber = 30 % = 61.90 gm
 CONCRTE MIX DESIGN
[IS:10262-1981] [IS:10262-2009]
IS 456-2000 has designated the concrete mixes into a number of
grades as M10, M15, M20, M25, M30, M35 and M40. In this
designation the letter M refers to the mix and the number refers to the
specified 28 day cube strength of mix in N/mm2 . The mixes of grades
M10, M15, M20 and M25 correspond approximately to the mix
proportions (1:3:6), (1:2:4), (1:1.5:3) and (1:1:2) respectively.
CUBES 0F dimension = 150mm X 150mm X 150mm
6 cubes of each mix
CONTROL MIX CONCRETE (C0):
Cement = 2.242KG
Sand = 2.622KG
Coarse Aggregate = 3.99KG
Water = 900.10 ml