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1. _Define Res-WPS Office

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8 views3 pages

1. _Define Res-WPS Office

Uploaded by

kimgayas72
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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### 1.

**Define Resistance**

Resistance is the opposition to the flow of electric current in a material. It determines how much current
will flow through a conductor when a voltage is applied. Resistance is measured in ohms (Ω), and it
depends on the material's properties, length, and cross-sectional area.

### 2. **What is a Resistor and How It Affects the Circuit**

A resistor is a passive electrical component that introduces a specific amount of resistance into a circuit.
It is used to control the flow of electric current and adjust signal levels, divide voltages, or limit current
to protect other components. In a circuit, resistors reduce the amount of current that flows and
dissipate energy in the form of heat.

### 3. **Types of Resistors**

There are several types of resistors, categorized by their construction and functionality:

- **Fixed Resistors**: Provide a constant resistance value.

- Carbon Film Resistors

- Metal Film Resistors

- Wire-Wound Resistors

- Thin Film Resistors

- **Variable Resistors**: Allow for adjustment of resistance value.

- Potentiometers

- Rheostats

- **Special Resistors**:

- Thermistors: Temperature-dependent resistors.

- Light-Dependent Resistors (LDR): Change resistance based on light exposure.

- Varistors: Voltage-dependent resistors.


### 4. **The Resistor Color Code Chart**

The resistor color code chart helps determine the value of a resistor based on the colored bands printed
on it. Each color corresponds to a digit and multiplier:

| **Color** | **1st Band** | **2nd Band** | **Multiplier** | **Tolerance** |

|-------------|--------------|--------------|----------------|----------------|

| Black |0 |0 | x1 | |

| Brown |1 |1 | x10 | ±1% |

| Red |2 |2 | x100 | ±2% |

| Orange |3 |3 | x1,000 | |

| Yellow |4 |4 | x10,000 | |

| Green |5 |5 | x100,000 | ±0.5% |

| Blue |6 |6 | x1,000,000 | ±0.25% |

| Violet |7 |7 | x10,000,000 | ±0.1% |

| Gray |8 |8 | | ±0.05% |

| White |9 |9 | | |

| Gold | | | x0.1 | ±5% |

| Silver | | | x0.01 | ±10% |

| No color | | | | ±20% |

### 5. **How to Determine the Value of a Resistor Based on the 4 Color Code**

To calculate the resistance value using the 4-band color code, follow these steps:

1. **Identify the colors of the first two bands**: These give you the first two digits of the resistance
value.

2. **Determine the multiplier** (third band): Multiply the two-digit number from the first two bands by
this value.
3. **Identify the tolerance** (fourth band): This indicates the accuracy of the resistor's value.

**Example**:

If the color bands are **Red, Violet, Yellow, Gold**:

- Red = 2 (1st digit)

- Violet = 7 (2nd digit)

- Yellow = x10,000 (multiplier)

- Gold = ±5% (tolerance)

The resistor's value is:

- 27 x 10,000 = 270,000 ohms (or 270 kΩ) with a ±5% tolerance.

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