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Lecture 05-Single phase system

Chemical engineering note

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12 views

Lecture 05-Single phase system

Chemical engineering note

Uploaded by

maeuprobargyi
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Principles of Chemical Engineering

Topic 05
Single Phase Systems

Lek Wantha, Ph.D.


School of Chemical Engineering,
Suranaree University of Technology
Contact: [email protected]
1
Single Phase Systems
➢ The excellent sources of the physical properties (e.g., density,
vapor pressure, solubility etc.) are the following:
➢ Perry’s Chemical Engineers' Handbook
➢ CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Engineering
➢ TRC Database in Chemistry and Engineering
➢ T.E. Daubert and R.P. Danner, Physical and Thermodynamic
Properties of Pure Chemicals: Data Compilation
➢ Yaws’ Database from Knovel online database
https://app.knovel.com/web/index.v
➢ Yaws’ Handbook from Knovel online database
https://app.knovel.com/web/index.v
➢ National Institute of Standards and Technology,USA,
https://webbook.nist.gov/chemistry/fluid/

2
Liquid and Solid Density of a Mixture
➢ Incompressible solids or liquids is that the temperature and
pressure do not cause significant change it’s density.
➢ The density of a mixture can be estimated in two ways.
➢ First
1 1
2

➢ Second 2

➢ Eq. (1) work best for


mixtures with similar
molecular structure
(e.g. straight-chain
Hydrocarbon)

3
Ideal Gas or Perfect Gas
➢A gas at a certain temperature and pressure might behave
ideally, and at a different temperature and pressure not behave
ideally.
➢ A gas behaves ideally if its state can be described by the ideal gas
equation:
3

4
Ideal Gas or Perfect Gas
➢ 1 mol of an ideal gas at 0 C and 1 atm occupies 22.415 liters
➢ Gas constant R has units of (pressure x volume)/(mole x
temperature) or (energy )/(mole x temperature)
➢ Ideal gas equation works well under some conditions-at above
about 0 C and pressure below about 1 atm.
➢ Error in the estimated value

➢ An error of no more than 1%.

5
Ideal Gas or Perfect Gas

➢ ഥ is the average molecular weight


𝑀

6
Standard temperature and pressure
➢ Ideal gas equation based on standard temperature and pressure:

➢ The standard conditions most commonly used are shown in


Table 5.2-1

7
Example 1.

8
Example 2.

Initial state Final state

9
Example 3.

10
Ideal Gas Mixtures

➢ Partial pressure of gas A in the gas mixture:

➢ Mole fraction of gas A in the gas mixture:

➢ Moreover, since yA + yB +  = 1.


10

➢ This is Dalton’s law: the partial pressures of the components of


an ideal gas mixture add up to the total pressure.
11
Ideal Gas Mixtures

11
Example 4.

13
Example 4.

14
Example 4.

Input – Output + Generation – Consumption = Accumulation

15
Example 4.
Input – Output + Generation – Consumption = Accumulation

16

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