DEBRE MARKOS

UNIVERSITY
INSTITUTE TECHNOLOGY

DEPARTMENT OF HYDRAULICS AND WATER

RESOURCES ENGINEERIG

Internship report

HOSTING COMPANY: West Hararghe Zone Water

Development and Energy office

DURATION OF INTERNSHIP: 1/6/2015-29/10/2015

Name : ABEL TADELE

Internship report

ID NO: NSR_0063_12 Submission date:13/6/2016 EC

DECLARATION

I declare this report is an original work of my own and written based on the experience I have
gained from four months of internship practice. I assure you that the report contains the actual
events and facts that, I have observed and performed during the period of the internship program.

ADVISOR APPROVAL PAGE

This is to certify that the internship report entitled Lega Arba Water Supply Project was prepared
by Abel Tadele under my guidance based on the regular reports that he had submitted.

I recommend this report to the faculty of Hydraulic and water resource engineering for
evaluation.

Advisor Name: - Mr.habetamu Sign: ……………………. Date: ……………...

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ACKNOWLEDGMENT

Firstly; I would like to thank all workers of the West Hararghe Zone Water Development and
Energy office. who involved me for four months in the internship period. Especially, I would like
to express my deepest gratitude to site engineer Mr. Dino (B, sc) for his sacrifice and great
support in sharing his knowledge relating the theoretical concept to practical real life.

My major thank is to Debre Markos University Institute of Technology as it is the key to my

future achievement and without it, I would not be able even to write this report which is talking
about my internship activities. I also significantly thank the university advisor Mr. Habetamu
who was assigned to give us the compulsory guidance.

Finally, I would like to give special thanks to my family and friends for their priceless advice and
different kinds of support.
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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

This internship program was conducted on the Lega Arba Water Supply Project from July to
November 2023 G.C. Lega Arba Water Supply Project is found in Oromia Regional State West
Hararghe Zone Water Development and Energy office in Gubba Qoricha Woreda Lega Arba
Kebele. The overall objective of this project is to design and implement a sustainable water
supply system for the community of Lega Arba Kebele to improve the quantity, quality, and
level of service. The lack of potable and clean water within a short distance is the main problem
for the construction of the Water supply project in this Kebele, so the construction of this project
increases the consumption rate of pure water for drinking and other purposes. This internship
program was carried out by an integrated approach like interviewing, observation on site, focus
group discussion, and participating in activities with co-workers on physical work.

The Lega Arba water supply project has different components like the construction of
Reservoirs, Waterpoint construction, Trench excavation, and Pipeline installation. So, it
familiarizes the students with fieldwork and compares what they are learning theoretically with
practical activities.

This internship program gave me great benefits by enabling me to observe and participate in
practical activities and communicate with the organization, co-workers, and community.
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Table content

DECLARATION...............................................................................................................................................i
ADVISOR APPROVAL PAGE...........................................................................................................................i
ACKNOWLEDGMENT...................................................................................................................................ii
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY................................................................................................................................iii
Table content..............................................................................................................................................iv
List of figures...............................................................................................................................................1
Chapter 1 ; INTRODUCTION.........................................................................................................................2
1.1 Background of the Hosting Company................................................................................................2
1.2 Objective of the Company.................................................................................................................3
1.3 Its Main Product and Service.............................................................................................................3
1.4 The End Users and Customers of the Company’s Products and Services...........................................3
1.5 Overall organization workflow...........................................................................................................4
1.6 Project description.............................................................................................................................5
1.6.1 Background of the Project..........................................................................................................5
1.6.2 Location and Climate Condition of the project area....................................................................5
1.6.3 Statement of the problem............................................................................................................6
1.6.4 Objective of The Project.............................................................................................................6
1.6.5 Scope of the project....................................................................................................................6
Chapter 2 ; overall internship experience....................................................................................................7
2.1 How I get in to the company..............................................................................................................7
2.2 Section of the company I have been working....................................................................................7
2.3 The Work Flow In The Section...........................................................................................................7
2.4 The work task or work piece I have been executing..........................................................................8
2.4.1 Site clearance..............................................................................................................................9
2.4.2 Excavation..................................................................................................................................9
2.4.3 Filling and compacting.............................................................................................................10
2.4.4 Hard rock placing.....................................................................................................................10
2.4.5 Lean concrete............................................................................................................................11
2.4.6 Reinforcement bars placing......................................................................................................12
2.4.7 Casting of the base slab............................................................................................................13
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2.4.8 Construction of The Wall..........................................................................................................14

2.4.9 Accessories of Reservoir...........................................................................................................14
2.4.10 Pipe Layout for The Distribution System................................................................................15
2.4.11 Pipe Fittings............................................................................................................................15
2.4.12 Excavation for Pipe Installation..............................................................................................15
2.5 Procedures I have been using while performing the work tasks.....................................................16
2.6 The challenges I have faced while performing my tasks..................................................................17
2.7 The measures I took to overcome the challenges...........................................................................17
Chapter 3 ; OVERALL BENEFITS FROM THE INTERNSHIP............................................................................18
3.1 In terms of improving practical skills...............................................................................................18
3.2 In Terms Of Upgrading Theoretical Knowledge...............................................................................18
3.3 In terms of improving interpersonal skills.......................................................................................19
3.4 In terms of improving team playing skill..........................................................................................19
3.5 In terms of leadership skills.............................................................................................................19
3.6 In Terms Of Understanding Work Ethics..........................................................................................20
3.7 In terms of entrepreneurship skill...................................................................................................20
Chapter 4 ; CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS...............................................................................21
5.1. Conclusions.....................................................................................................................................21
5.2. Recommendation...........................................................................................................................22
REFERENCE................................................................................................................................................23
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List of figures

Figure 1-1 organization of structure............................................................................................................4

Figure 1-2 location map of the project area.................................................................................................5
Figure 3-1: hard core placing.....................................................................................................................11
Figure 3-2 reinforcement of base slab.......................................................................................................12
Figure 3-3 Service Reservoir wall.............................................................................................................14
Figure 3-4 pipe layout...............................................................................................................................15
Figure 3-5 Excavation for Pipe Installation...............................................................................................16

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Chapter 1 ; INTRODUCTION

Clean drinking water is one of the basic needs of human beings. But millions, especially in
developing countries like Ethiopia, have low access to clean drinking water and sanitation,
leaving citizens exposed to water and water-related diseases. so the Lega Arba water supply
project is constructed by considering the problems of potable water in Gubba Qoricha Woreda,
lega Arba Kebele.

The project area is one of the rural Kebele with a shortage of fresh water for domestic use. In the
project area, safe water usage and sanitation facilities coverage are currently weak. According to
the Woreda health office, the major problems related to water and related diseases that frequently
occur in the study area are diarrheal disease, intestinal disease, typhoid fever, and trachoma
disease, which are directly related to the existing situation of lack of clean and adequate supply
of water.

1.1 Background of the Hosting Company

West Hararge Zone Water Development and Energy Office mainly works on water development
and construction works. those related to water construction will carry out the construction
professional duty to achieve the development action plan of the Oromia regional government in
the field of water resources development.

The office is a public institution that performs the professional task of implementing the Oromia
regional government’s development endeavors in water resource utilization.

Vision: In the next 40 years, the office aims to provide a safe water supply to all the local
districts and eliminate waterborne diseases. The office seeks to become a competitive country
both in Africa and internationally by promoting quality-based practices and new technologies in
construction.

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for users. It wants to satisfy all sections of society in rural and urban areas by providing safe and
healthy water in an easily accessible place and by providing water in sufficient quantity and
quality.

1.2 Objective of the Company

The objective of the Company is to construct water-related structures, digging wells, etc. The
Office is to produce safe and appealing water for human consumption and improve the living
conditions of the habitat or people living in that area

Generally, the objectives of the Office are: to ensure continuity of the water supply for
consumers, to raise public awareness of the effective use of water resources with reliable
information, to carry out standardized studies, design and supervision activities of drinking water

to make the regional people beneficiary of potable to supply clean and safe water for drinking, to
reduce the burden on a woman in collecting water which involves traveling long distances and to
improve social well-being, enhance national economic performance, and ensure equitable
provision of adequate water and sanitation services to all users at affordable cost and on a
sustainable basis

1.3 Its Main Product and Service

The main products and services of The company include the design, and installation of
equipment for water supply service and distribution. It also Plays a vital role in the community

 Designing and constructing water projects to provide clean drinking water

 Repairing water supply structures that need maintenance

1.4 The End Users and Customers of the Company’s Products and Services
The following are the main customers of this company

 Districts and rural kebeles located in the west hararege zone

 Residents of the city and the zone
 Public and private institutions in the zone.

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1.5 Overall organization workflow

Current operational sectors of the West Hararghe Zone Water Development and Energy office

West hararghe zone water and

energy resource development office

Planning, Energy
Community Water supply and Water resource
monitoring and development
Participation sector sanitation sector magement sector
evaluation sector sector

Water supply Administration of Electro-

department head
project study and Mechanical Equipment
and secratary
design Schemes

Operation and Administration of

maintenance Water Schemes

Administration of
Water Quality and
Laboratories

Administration of
Machinery

Figure 1-1 organization of structure

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1.6 Project description

Project name : Lega arba water supply project

1.6.1 Background of the Project

The project area is found in the Oromia Region, West Hararge Zone of Gubba Qoricha woreda.
The site is 47 kilometers from Chiro Zone city to Funyan Ajo asphalt concrete road and 62
kilometers from Fanyan Ajo to Lega Arba district.

1.6.2 Location and Climate Condition of the project area

The proposed location for the well source is located at the geographic grid coordinates of
0987781N and 0684830N, and at the height of 1776 m. According to the metrological station of
Gubba Qoricha woreda. the maximum and the minimum mean temperature is 21.2 C and 14.8 C
respectively.

Figure 1-2 location map of the project area

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Source - from West Hararghe Zonal Water, Mineral & Energy Office project on Lega Arba water
supply project on 2023

1.6.3 Statement of the problem

Before around some years, there are not a lot of population. As a result, the water demand was
not so much consumed and needed. But now the population at the Lega Arba site very increased
as compared to before. So, the construction of a reservoir was very essential to answer the water
scarcity.

1.6.4 Objective of The Project

 General objective
The general objective of the project is to provide sufficient, and quality potable water
with fair price to satisfy customers' needs by complying with associated legal
requirements.
 Specific objective
 To make water supply service portable, permanent, and reliable by increasing the
capacity of the scheme correlated to the progressive demand
 To improve water supply and sanitation coverage of the Lega Arba village
 Supply safe, adequate, and potable water

1.6.5 Scope of the project

A water supply system capable of supplying a sufficient quantity of potable water is necessary
for a city or a town. To analyze as correctly as possible, the total demand of a particular
community, all demands must be considered. Some of the factors that affect the water demand
are climatic conditions, the size of the town, the culture of people, and industries, the cost of
water, the quantity of water, pressure in the distribution system, and the system of supply. The
project work is carried out in different sections such as reservoir construction, pipe installations,
construction of water points, and valve chambers.

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Chapter 2 ; overall internship experience

2.1 How I get in to the company

After I had received the request paper from Debre Markos University, I decided to request this
company because it is nearest to my home town. I went to their office located in Chiro Town in
the summertime of 2015 for about two months to get an acceptance but they were not willing to
accept me since they received full students I tried to gain acceptance by sending people who
were nearest to the company, finally they accepted me,

I have chosen the company because it has many years of experience in water supply service
construction and maintenance.

Then After I received the request paper from the HWRE engineering department. I sent it to the
project manager and he led me to the team leader of the construction work After the team leader
discussed it with the engineers in the company, he attached me to one of the site engineers

Finally, I started.

2.2 Section of the company I have been working

I have been working for 4 months on the operation and maintenance Water supply project
section .one of the major sectors in West Hararghe Zone Water Development and Energy office

2.3 The Work Flow In The Section

Project manager: the person who manages and controls the overall activities of that
project. All the departments are responsible to the project manager and they should weekly
and monthly report their activity to him.
Activities which are responsible to The Project manager include:
 Manages the whole site work execution.
 Makes payment to subcontract workers.
 Approves material request.
 Analyses the work processes.

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Office engineer : the main responsibility of this staff is the preparation of weekly and monthly
reports of the activities on the project and reporting to the project manager and to head office.
Some of the things that should be included in the weekly and monthly reports are the expense of
the project, income gained on that week or month, profit gained. Some of the responsibilities of
the engineering service staff are:

 Preparation of direct cost

 Preparation of weekly and monthly expenses for
 Manpower
 Machine and equipment

Site Engineer:
 Prepares daily labour output report.
 Organizes the monthly reports to be sent to the Head office.
 Schedules weekly or monthly work implementation.
 Checks and reviews any sub-contract payments.
 Quantifies any materials on request etc.

Forman: there are three kinds of Forman according to their job specification. They are
 Construction Forman
 Labourers Forman

The tasks of construction Forman are Checking the whole work process, quantifying
some materials making requests, and reporting any challenges of work procedures and their
execution, etc. The task of laborer Forman is to control laborers in the project.

2.4 The work task or work piece I have been executing

During the overall internship period; I observed Site Work activities mainly on the construction
of the Service Reservoir

During this time there are many tasks in which I participate in the site work with my advisor Mr.
Dino. Those are: By participating in work with the site engineer, Forman, and others by asking
questions and answering the questions which are not clear during site work. During the site visit
the following activities are done;
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 Site cleaning
 Excavation
 Hard rock properly placing,
 placement of reinforcement bar,
 Casting of base slab
 Pipe alignment
 Trench excavation and pipe fitting.

2.4.1 Site clearance

 It is to remove unnecessary particles that are not suitable for construction
 It is surface cleaning of grass, trees, etc.
 It shall consist of removing all trees, other vegetation, rubbish, and the disposal of all
material resulting from the clearing and grubbing.

The goal of site clearing is to create a construction site conducive to the project

In our project, according to the direction of the engineer, about 20 cm deep site clearing work
has been done

During site clearance, we removed The topsoil of the surface because it contains plants that can
damage the foundation and are not strong enough to support the building. Also, We Did not use
plant roots and soil uprooted from topsoil to fill holes created during site clearing because

thesoil will settle into the holes at different levels and cause extensive cracks in the concrete
above the site..

2.4.2 Excavation
Excavation for setting foundation or slabs is done to remove weak materials with less bearing
capacity and reach sustainable strata if any or to make space for the insertion of selected (better)
materials. The excavation includes an area for working space.

In our project, we encountered loose soil and highly weathered materials, so it was completely
removed by using backhoes and hand tools such as shovels. As instructed by the Engineer

the excavated depth is 1 m on the lower level and 1.7 m on the higher level

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Excavation procedures
Before commencing an excavation the following stage was conducted.
 A survey was conducted to determine the depth and general area of the excavation
 Obtained permission from the local authority

During excavation, the following stage was conducted

 The engineer Prepared access or Equipment
 A 1-meter-deep area was dug by the worker using hand tools such as a shovels and
backhoe
 Disposed or removed unsuitable excavated materials approved by the Engineer. Like
boulders and rocks
 Excavated elevations and locations are re-checked at the end of the stage to ensure the
excavation face is finished at the required slope

2.4.3 Filling and compacting

 Filling and compacting foundation base with selected materials using the hand role for 20
cm
 Workers Cleared the inside area and
 Back filling around a foundation with approved selected materials from site well rammed
in layer of 15 cm
 Cart away surplus excavated materials from the site to a distance of 100 m

2.4.4 Hard rock placing

Hardcore material can be pieces of brick fragments or crushed stones, but crushed stone
fragments were selected in our project due to their availability at the project site and economic
value. The material is placed correctly and vertically

In our project, the depth of fill used was 35cm. an experienced mason has done the placing. The
hard core is well-rolled consolidated and blinded with gravel.

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Procedure for Hard-Core placing

During Hard-Core placement
 Workers Placed the stones vertically on the area of the hardcore after reshaping by stone
hammer
 They Placed the small and crashed stones between the more giant stones to save concrete
that filled the gap between them

Hardcore filling has three main benefits:

1. it Prevent upcoming moisture from reaching the foundation slab,
2. it raises the height of the base slab to the surface Provide a level,
3. it creates a strong and workable surface for the foundation slab.

Figure 2-3: hard core placing

2.4.5 Lean concrete

Lean Concrete is used

 to Fill the gap (space) b/n each core,

 to have equal concrete cover for the floor reinforcement bars.
 to Make the floor smooth or leveled and
 to protect the seepage of water from the ground.

In our project, we cast 50 mm thick Lean concrete over hard-core with Grade C-15 concrete with
a minimum cement 150kg/m3 mix ratio (1:3:6)

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2.4.6 Reinforcement bars placing

Reinforcement steel is used to resist tensile strength because concrete is weak in tensile strength
and strong in compressive strength this helps the structure's durability, rigidity, etc.

When all of the reinforcement bars have been cut as per the required length and all of the bars
are tied with wire. Therefore, the remaining operation was placing the reinforcement bar
properly on the floor of lean concrete.

In our project the Bottom surface is reinforced with a 10mm bar at 15 c/c cm in both ways, the
top base surface is reinforced with a 10mm bar at 20cm c/c and the distance between the top and
bottom Reinforcement is 20cm

Reinforcement bar placement Procedure

 Workers Placed the bottom and top reinforcement bars in both ways and tide by wire
 Then Placed vertical and horizontal reinforcement bars
 Checked No. of bars arrangement

Figure 2-4 reinforcement of base slab

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2.4.7 Casting of the base slab

A base slab is a structure that carries loads that come mainly from the water inside and a load of
the structure above it, so it needs to be reinforced and strengthened enough to sustain the loads

Main Stages of casting base slab

A. Concrete mixing

The process of mixing cement, water, fine aggregate, and coarse aggregate in suitable proportion
is known as the mixing of concrete. This process should ensure uniform color, consistency, and
homogeneity of the concrete. Segregation should not take place during the process of mixing. On
our site, the mixing process is done by concrete mixer machine

B. Concrete filling

Concrete filling refers to the proper distribution of concrete in the structure. on our project
Casting 25 cm thick Base slab in Grade C-25 reinforced concrete with minimum cement
360kg/m3 and a 1:11/2:3 mix ratio

C. Concrete compaction

The objective of compaction is to achieve maximum density by removing air voids from the
concrete. We compact the concrete using a machine-like vibrator.

D. Leveling of concrete

After the concrete is placed and compacted concrete is leveled by using strait edge timber

E. Curing of concrete

Curing is a controlled process of keeping the newly laid concrete just enough to dry out without
shrinking and cracking or is the process through which the concrete becomes hard and strong.

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2.4.8 Construction of The Wall

The wall was circular with a thickness of 250mm and it was made from reinforcement and
concrete.

Figure 2-5 Service Reservoir wall

2.4.9 Accessories of Reservoir

Accessories of the Reservoir Are systems that make the reservoir functional these include inlet
pipe, outlet pipe, washout pipe, overflow pipe, and manhole.
 Inlet Pipe: Provide at the upper level of the reservoir, used for entry of water
 Outlet Pipe: Provide at the bottom of the reservoir used for the lift of water.
 Wash-out pipe: provided at the floor of the reservoir used to remove water and clean the
reservoir.
 Overflow pipe: it is located above the floor of the reservoir it extends the interfamily up
to the freeboard.
 Vent Pipe: Provide at the top of the reservoir used for free circulation of air.
 Water level indicator: Used to indicate water level.
 Ladder: used to clamp to the reservoir for inspection.
 Manhole: Used to enter man for inspection.
 Valve chambers: are provided usually for gate valves, air release valves, and drain/flush
valves.

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2.4.10 Pipe Layout for The Distribution System

Distribution pipes are used to deliver water to consumers with appropriate quality, quantity, and
pressure.in our project area, we use galvanized iron pipe (GIP).

Figure 2-6 pipe layout

2.4.11 Pipe Fittings

 Reducer: is a type of fitting that is used to connect reducer pipe (at reducing flow point)
 Coupling: this is a type of fitting that is used to connect the pipe with the pipe.
 Union: is a type of fitting which is used to connect pipe with pipe for easy maintenance.
 An elbow: is a type of fitting that is used to divert the direction of an aligned pipe to a
vertical or horizontal direction.
 Plug: this is a type of fitting that is used to stop distribution.
 T-shape: used to distribute water in two different directions from the main.
 Gate valves: are controls of the water through the pipe and fixed in main lines.

2.4.12 Excavation for Pipe Installation

In order to install the pipe, excavation must be required. Since all excavation in this project has
been performed by physical laborers.

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Figure 2-7 Excavation for Pipe Installation

2.5 Procedures I have been using while performing the work tasks
From the suggestion of the host company supervisor, I work on the site visiting for a week. My
supervisor was the project execution team leader. So he attached me to one of the project site
engineers to experience on-site work with the engineer

As an assistant site Engineer on Site, like

 To observe the activity of each worker

 To check the daily labor is done correctly
 Confirming accurate measurement

I followed the following Procedures As a starting point for performing certain tasks

 I tried to ask things that were not clear to me.

 I read the construction document.
 I tried to complete my tasks on time and show my work to my supervisor. He then
checked it and corrected the mistakes which I had.

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2.6 The challenges I have faced while performing my tasks

 The site was extremely far away from my home
 I was new to the local construction terms they use at the site but eventually, I know
almost all the terms in the sit
 The weather was cold and rainy, hence everyone who worked there had to wear cotton
clothes
 Lack of construction safety wears.
 There was no computer access to write a daily report
 lack of potable water.

2.7 The measures I took to overcome the challenges

 To solve the transport problem of the company I use transportation for myself.
 I asked the contracture and site engineers for their consultation on what I saw on site. to
understand local construction terms
 I wear tarpaulin to solve the problem of the weather
 by meticulousness, the problem of safety wear was dispelled. With meticulousness and
carefully
 I was using different materials like softcopy and hard copy to write a daily report
 I had used bought highland water to solve the lack of potable water

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Chapter 3 ; OVERALL BENEFITS FROM THE INTERNSHIP

Internship plays an important role in applying practically what we have known about theoretical
knowledge. It helps also to develop practical experience and know-how in all water supply and
other Important project works and also acquire lots of skills

3.1 In terms of improving practical skills

The practical skills I get by directly participating in the project are the following:

 How to execute site works.

 How to fix vertical and horizontal reinforcement
 How to construct a reservoir
 How to check construction material
 How to measure amounts of construction material

3.2 In Terms Of Upgrading Theoretical Knowledge.

The internship program allows me to apply my theoretical knowledge and acquire practical
skills. During this period, I observed practical applications of courses we took and this gave me a
clearer understanding of courses learned earlier. I got more of all the theoretical knowledge I got
from university to be more confidential like

 mixing of concrete,
 placing of reinforcement,
 site operation, solving problems, and so on.

orally theoretical knowledge can be obtained by asking and having discussions with workers of
the project. Such as

 Site engineers
 Skilled & unskilled Forman’s
 Daily workers

NB;-this orally gained theoretical knowledge is documented in my notebook to remember it

more.
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3.3 In terms of improving interpersonal skills

To improve interpersonal skills one should fulfill the following things

 avoiding judging and criticizing others rather have a reasonable discussion with
them
 one should listen to his colleague's thoughts and express his ideas positively show
a willingness to listen to others during discussion
 before communicating with others one must understand the willingness of the
others
 avoid imposing others to accept your ideas because it leads to conflict
 While communicating with others one must be open & honest in expressing ideas

3.4 In terms of improving team playing skill

Teamwork plays a great role in our construction project. The overall activities of the project are
operated by coordinating different professional skilled persons. This helps to execute the work
properly & to the proposed project in the expected period. In addition, strong coordination
among workers creates a great initiation to work hard. I have been closely working with different
professional, skilled, & unskilled foramen of the project. This helps me to know more about the
general condition of the project. Nevertheless, in team works minor conflicts may be happened.
So to avoid them the workers should be open, honest, & ethically mature.

3.5 In terms of leadership skills

Good leadership is basic for every construction industry to manage every operation of their
project the construction industry requires not only pure technical knowledge but also human
power, material, capital& financial management. good management overcomes expected
problems happening between colleagues during the construction process every construction
industry management needs all-round leaders who are project managers to facilitate quality of
work.to facilitate good management a manager should;-

 Respect all workers whatever they are.

 Sharing authority for all groups to maintain quality & speed of work.

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 Understand and listen to the ideas of workers by openly discussing with them.
 Making workers responsible for every operation, they do.

3.6 In Terms Of Understanding Work Ethics.

All disciplines need ethical practices, and HWR engineering works have written or unwritten
ethics. It starts from time management to proper subordination to the leader. Needless to say,
sincere concerns and suggestions of the lower level workers should be respected particularly
those with long years of experience. Violation of ethical conduct can result in loss of materials,
breakage of machinery, loss of coordination, and even in some unfortunate circumstances loss of
human life. The latter can be an intentional or accidental breach of construction ethics Some of
the work ethics one has to consider are the following;

 Punctuality
 Confidence
 Respect for work
 Responsibility
 Honesty
 Integrity
 Accountability
 Impartiality
 Transparency
 Safety

3.7 In terms of entrepreneurship skill

Entrepreneurship is a means of trying to create your work. The construction industry requires
many types of machinery and labor to engage oneself in this industry. Since the cost of
machinery and projects is so huge, one has to organize himself well to do the work in good
quality and to have a well-organized construction company. However, management skill is a
decisive factor in teamwork.

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Chapter 4 ; CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS

5.1. Conclusions

This internship program provides a bridge between theoretical and Practical life. During the past
months, I have been able to see different theoretical and practical aspects of water supply
projects. Different materials are used for both construction and water distribution system
Excavation of the proposed project is undertaken to build the foundation of the service reservoir
with the size of footing 1mx1m and backfill of the excavated surface is taken by compacting by
hand role to level the excavated ground surface.

The service reservoir is circular and has, a floor slab, wall, top flat slab, and structural
components, like an outlet, inlet, washout, air vessel valves, etc. Different types of pipe materials
are used for distribution systems and different materials are used for construction purposes.

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5.2. Recommendation

Based on the four-month stay in the company for the internship program, I would like to forward
the following recommendations:

 During the time of excavation of the trench and foundation of the reservoir does not have
a soil test since it must experiment with soil tests.
 Some local people disagree with site managers on their farmland. I advise; that the
company creates awareness among local people about the use of or the importance of the
project..
 If there is a shortage of transportation services, I recommend; that the company increase
the number of services or change the
 The society around the project area will need special advice to protect springs, reservoirs,
pipes, and others from damage.

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REFERENCE

1) Bekamo, M. M. (2021). Location and accessibility of Lega Arba villege. Chiro.

2) Mr. Yilma, A. (2022). Water demand of Lega Arba villege. Chiro.
3) Office, W. Z. (2022). Population of Guba Qoricha town. Chiro.
4) Oromia Water, M. a. (2021). Study and Design document of Lega Arba RWSS project.
Finfinne.
5) W/H Zonal Water, M. a. (2020). Wash Integrated rural water supply project study and
design report . Chiro.
6) Yilma, M. A. (2022). Water demand of Lega Arba villege . Chiro.

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