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Physics Notes

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2 views2 pages

Physics Notes

Uploaded by

mdhazbro
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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ELECTRIC CHARGES AND FIELDS

 Electrostatics deals with the study of forces, fields and


potentials arising from static charges.

Electric Charge

 If two glass rods rubbed with wool or silk cloth are


brought close to each other, they repel each other.

 Like charges repel, unlike charges attract 


Polarity of charge

 By convention, the charge on glass rod or cat’s fur


is called positive and that on plastic rod or silk is
termed negative.

 Gold-leaf electroscope can be used to detect


charge on a body.

Conductors and Insulators

 Conductors allow electricity to pass through them


easily. Insulators do not allow electricity to pass
through them easily.

Basic Properties of Electric Charge

 Additivity of charges:
o Total charge of a system with charges q1, q2,
q3, …, qn is q1 + q2+ q3 + … + qn

 Charge is conserved:
o Total charge of the isolated system is always
conserved.

 Quantization of charge:
o q = ne ; n  No. of electrons ; e  Charge on
1 electron
o e = 1.6 x 10-19 C ; -1C = 6 x 1018 electrons
Coulomb’s Law

1 q1 q2
 F= 4 π ε o r2

 q1, q2  Charges ; r  Distance between charges

1
 4 π εo = 9 x 109 Nm2/C2; εo = 8.8 x 10-12

Force Between Multiple Charges

 F1 = F12 + F13 + F14

 Do vector sum of force due to each charge on q1.

Electric Field

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