PARIKSHIT TASK 1

DHRUV SARAOGI

Python Basics
EASY
1. Calculate the Area of a Circle
Write a Python program that calculates the area of a circle given its radius.

o Input:
5

o Output:
78.54
(Hint: Use the formula: πr²)

import math
pi=math.pi
a=int(input("Enter the radius of the circle: "))
area=pi*a**2
print("The area of the circle is: %.2f" %area)

2. Convert Celsius to Fahrenheit

Write a Python program that converts a temperature from Celsius to Fahrenheit.

o Input:
0

o Output:
32
(Hint: Use the formula: (C × 9/5) + 32)

celsius_temp = float(input("Enter temperature in Celsius: "))

fahrenheit_temp = (celsius_temp * 9/5) + 32
print(f"{celsius_temp} degrees Celsius is equal to {fahrenheit_temp}
degrees Fahrenheit.")

MEDIUM
3. Remove Duplicates from a List
Write a Python program that removes duplicate elements from a list of integers.

o Input:
[1, 2, 2, 3, 4, 4, 5]

o Output:
[1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
n=int(input("Enter the number of elements in the list: "))
list1=[]
for i in range(0,n):
x=int(input("Enter the element: "))
list1.append(x)
set1=set(list1)
list1=list(set1)
print("The list after removing duplicates is: ",list1)

4. Count Vowels in a String

Write a Python program to count the number of vowels (a, e, i, o, u) in a given string,
ignoring case.

o Input:
"Python Programming"

o Output:
4

n="aeiouAEIOU"
s=input("Enter a string:")
count=0
for i in s:
if i in n:
count+=1
print("Number of vowels in the string is:",count)

5. Find the Second Largest Number in a List

Write a Python program to find the second largest number in a list of integers.

o Input:
[12, 45, 67, 23, 89, 90]

o Output:
89

#find second largest number in a list

n=int(input("enter the number of elements in the list:"))
L=[]
for i in range(n):
L.append(int(input("enter the element:")))
L.sort()
print("second largest number in the list is:",L[-2])

6. Capitalize First Letter of Each Word

Write a Python program to capitalize the first letter of every word in a given sentence.

o Input:
"hello world from python"
 o Output:
"Hello World From Python"

n=input("Enter a string: ")

print(n.title())

7. Reverse a String
Write a Python program to reverse a given string.

o Input:
"Innovation"

o Output:
"noitavonnI"

n=input("Enter a string: ")

print(n[::-1])

HARD
8. Palindrome Check
Write a Python program to check if a given string is a palindrome (reads the same forward
and backward).

o Input:
"madam"

o Output:
True
n=input("Enter a string: ")
print(n[::-1]==n)

9. Find All Prime Numbers Below a Given Number

Write a Python program that returns all prime numbers less than a given number n.

o Input:
20

o Output:
[2, 3, 5, 7, 11, 13, 17, 19]

n=int(input("Enter a number: "))

prime=[]
count=0
for i in range(2,n):
for j in range(1,i+1):
if i%j==0:
count+=1
if count==2:
prime.append(i)
 count=0
print(prime)

10. Generate Fibonacci Sequence

Write a Python program to generate the first n numbers of the Fibonacci sequence.

 Input:
7

 Output:
[0, 1, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8]

n=int(input("Enter a number: "))

fibonacci=[]
num1 = 0
num2 = 1
next_number = num2
count = 1
while count <= n:
fibonacci.append(num1)
count += 1
num1, num2 = num2, next_number
next_number = num1 + num2
print(fibonacci)

11. Binary Search Algorithm

Write a Python program to implement the binary search algorithm for a sorted list of
integers.

 Input:
List: [1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, 13]
Target: 9

 Output:
Found at index 4

def binary_search(arr, target):

low = 0
high = len(arr) - 1
while low <= high:
mid = (low + high) // 2
if arr[mid] == target:
return mid
elif arr[mid] < target:
low = mid + 1
else:
high = mid - 1
return -1

n=int(input("Enter the number of elements in the list: "))

arr=[]
for i in range(n):
arr.append(int(input()))
t=int(input("Enter the element to be searched: "))
result = binary_search(arr, t)
if result != -1:
print("Element found at index",result)
else:
print("Element not found")

12. Calculate Factorial Using Recursion

Write a Python program to calculate the factorial of a given number using recursion.

 Input:
5

 Output:
120
def factorial(n):
if n==0:
return 1
else:
return n*factorial(n-1)

n=int(input("Enter a number: "))

print("Factorial of",n,"is",factorial(n))

13. Matrix Transposition

Write a Python program to find the transpose of a matrix (rows become columns and vice
versa).

 Input:
[[1, 2, 3], [4, 5, 6]]

 Output:
[[1, 4], [2, 5], [3, 6]]

import numpy as np
n=int(input("Enter the size of the matrix(rows)"))
m=int(input("Enter the size of the matrix(columns)"))
matrix=np.zeros((n,m),dtype='int64')
mt=np.zeros((m,n),dtype='int64')
for i in range(0,n):
for j in range(0,m):
matrix[i][j]=int(input())
print(matrix)
for i in range(m):
for j in range(n):
mt[i][j]=matrix[j][i]
print(mt)

14. Longest Word in a Sentence

Write a Python program to find the longest word in a given sentence.
  Input:
"Exploration of Python programming"

 Output:
"Exploration"
n=input("enter a string")
s=n.split(" ")
max=0
word=""
for i in s:
if len(i)>max:
max=len(i)
word=i
print(word)

15. Check for Balanced Parentheses

Write a Python program to check if a given string containing parentheses is balanced or not.

 Input:
"(())"

 Output:
True

 Input:
"(()"

 Output:
False

n=input("enter a string")
count =0
for chr in n:
if chr=="(":
count+=1
elif chr==")":
count-=1
if count == 0:
print(True)
else:
print(False)
 Pandas and Numpy

EASY
1. Create a NumPy Array

Write a Python program to create a NumPy array with values ranging from 1 to 10.

o Input: None

o Output:

o array([1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10])

import numpy as np
a=np.arange(1,11)
print(a)

2. Select a Column from a DataFrame

Given the DataFrame below, write a Pandas program to select the Name column.

o Input:

Python

df = pd.DataFrame({

'Name': ['Alice', 'Bob', 'Charlie'], 'Age': [25,

30, 35],

'City': ['New York', 'Los Angeles', 'Chicago']

})

o Output:

o 0 Alice

o 1 Bob

o Name: Name, dtype: object

import pandas as pd
df = pd.DataFrame({'Name': ['Alice', 'Bob', 'Charlie'], 'Age': [25, 30,
35],
'City': ['New York', 'Los Angeles', 'Chicago']})
print(df['Name'])
 3. Create a DataFrame from a Dictionary

Write a Python program to create a Pandas DataFrame from the dictionary below.

o Input:

Python

data = {'A': [1, 2, 3], 'B': [4, 5, 6], 'C': [7, 8, 9]}

o Output:

o ABC

o 0147

o 1258

o 2369

data = {'A': [1, 2, 3], 'B': [4, 5, 6], 'C': [7, 8, 9]}
df = pd.DataFrame (data)
print(df)

MEDIUM
4. Find the Mean of a NumPy Array

Write a Python program to find the mean of a given NumPy array.

o Input:

o array([10, 20, 30, 40, 50])

o Output:

o 30.0

import numpy as np
a=np.array([10,20,30,40,50])

print(a.sum()/len(a))

5. Filter Rows by Condition in Pandas

Given the DataFrame below, write a Pandas program to filter rows where the Age is greater than 30.
 o Input:

Python

df = pd.DataFrame({

'Name': ['Alice', 'Bob', 'Charlie'], 'Age': [25,

30, 35],

'City': ['New York', 'Los Angeles', 'Chicago']

})

o Output:

o Name Age City

2 Charlie 35 Chicago
o
import pandas as pd
df = pd.DataFrame({
'Name': ['Alice', 'Bob', 'Charlie'],
'Age': [25, 30, 35],
'City': ['New York', 'Los Angeles', 'Chicago']
})
print(df[df['Age']>30])

6. Generate a Random NumPy Array

Write a Python program to generate a 3x3 matrix of random values between 0 and 1 using NumPy.

o Input: None

o Output: (Values may vary)

o array([[0.329, 0.957, 0.604],

o [0.158, 0.940, 0.136],

o [0.410, 0.234, 0.732]])

import numpy as np
a=np.random.random((3,3))

print(a)

7. Calculate the Sum of Each Column in a DataFrame

Given the DataFrame below, write a Pandas program to calculate the sum of each column.

o Input:
Python

df = pd.DataFrame({ 'A': [1,

2, 3],

'B': [4, 5, 6],

'C': [7, 8, 9]

})

o Output:

o A 6

o B 15

o C 24

o dtype: int64

data = {'A': [1, 2, 3], 'B': [4, 5, 6], 'C': [7, 8, 9]}
df = pd.DataFrame (data)
df.sum()

8. Replace Missing Values in a DataFrame

Write a Pandas program to replace missing values (NaN) in the DataFrame with the mean of the
respective column.

o Input:

Python

df = pd.DataFrame({ 'A': [1,

np.nan, 3],

'B': [4, 5, np.nan],

'C': [7, 8, 9]

})
o Output:

o A BC

o 0 1.0 4.0 7

o 1 2.0 5.0 8

o 2 3.0 4.5 9
import pandas as pd
import numpy as np
df = pd.DataFrame({
'A': [1, np.nan, 3],
'B': [4, 5, np.nan],
'C': [7, 8, 9]
})

df ['A'].fillna (df['A'].mean(), )
df ['B'].fillna (df['B'].mean(), )
df ['C'].fillna (df['C'].mean(), )
df

HARD
9. Find the Dot Product of Two NumPy Arrays

Write a Python program to calculate the dot product of two NumPy arrays.

o Input:

Python

array_1 = np.array([1, 2, 3])

array_2 = np.array([4, 5, 6])

o Output:

o 32

import numpy as np
array_1 = np.array([1, 2, 3])
array_2 = np.array([4, 5, 6])
a=np.dot(array_1,array_2)

print(a)

10. Group By and Aggregate in Pandas

Given the DataFrame below, write a Pandas program to group by the City column and calculate the
mean Age for each city.

 Input:

Python

df = pd.DataFrame({
 'Name': ['Alice', 'Bob', 'Charlie', 'David'], 'Age': [25, 30,

35, 40],

'City': ['New York', 'Los Angeles', 'Chicago', 'New York']

})

 Output:

 Age

 City

 Chicago 35.0

 Los Angeles 30.0

 New York 32.5

import pandas as pd
df = pd.DataFrame({
'Name': ['Alice', 'Bob', 'Charlie', 'David'],
'Age': [25, 30, 35, 40],
'City': ['New York', 'Los Angeles', 'Chicago', 'New York']
})
result = df.groupby('City')['Age'].mean()
print(result)

11. Apply a Function to a DataFrame Column

Write a Python program to apply a custom function to the Age column of the DataFrame below to
convert the ages from years to months.

 Input:

Python

df = pd.DataFrame({

'Name': ['Alice', 'Bob', 'Charlie'], 'Age': [25,

30, 35]

})

def years_to_months(age):

return age * 12

 Output:

 Name Age

 0 Alice 300
  1 Bob 360

 2 Charlie 420
import pandas as pd
df = pd.DataFrame({
'Name': ['Alice', 'Bob', 'Charlie'],
'Age': [25, 30, 35]
})
def years_to_months(age):
return age * 12
df['Age'] = df['Age'].apply(years_to_months)
print(df)

12. Concatenate DataFrames

Write a Pandas program to concatenate the two DataFrames below.

 Input:

Python

df1 = pd.DataFrame({'A': [1, 2], 'B': [3, 4]})

df2 = pd.DataFrame({'A': [5, 6], 'B': [7, 8]})

 Output:

 AB

 013

 124

 057

 168
import pandas as pd
df1 = pd.DataFrame({'A': [1, 2], 'B': [3, 4]})
df2 = pd.DataFrame({'A': [5, 6], 'B': [7, 8]})
df3 = pd.concat([df1, df2])
print(df3)

13. Find the Eigenvalues and Eigenvectors

Write a Python program to find the eigenvalues and eigenvectors of a 2x2 matrix using NumPy.

 Input:

Python

matrix = np.array([[4, 2], [1, 3]])

 Output:

 Eigenvalues: [5.236, 1.764]

  Eigenvectors:

 [[ 0.894, -0.707],

 [ 0.447, 0.707]]

import numpy as np
matrix = np.array([[4, 2], [1, 3]])
u,v=np.linalg.eig(matrix)

print("Eigenvalues of the said matrix",u)

print("Eigenvectors of the said matrix",v)

14. Reshape a NumPy Array

Write a Python program to reshape a 1D NumPy array into a 3x3 matrix.

 Input:

Python

array = np.array([1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9])

 Output:

 array([[1, 2, 3],

 [4, 5, 6],

 [7, 8, 9]])
import numpy as np
array = np.array([1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9])
a = array.reshape(3, 3)

print(a)

15. Pivot a DataFrame

Given the DataFrame below, write a Pandas program to pivot the DataFrame so that the Name column
becomes the index, and the Subject column values become columns with the corresponding Score.

 Input:

Python

df = pd.DataFrame({

'Name': ['Alice', 'Bob', 'Alice', 'Bob'],

'Subject': ['Math', 'Math', 'Science', 'Science'], 'Score':

[85, 78, 92, 81]

})
  Output:

 Math Science

 Name

 Alice 85 92

 Bob 78 81

import pandas as pd
df = pd.DataFrame({
'Name': ['Alice', 'Bob', 'Alice', 'Bob'],
'Subject': ['Math', 'Math', 'Science', 'Science'], 'Score': [85, 78,
92, 81]
})
pivot_df = df.pivot(index='Name', columns='Subject', values='Score')
print(pivot_df)