GROUP MEMBERS

№ NAME ID
1. MPANO UWIMANA BERTIN 28416
2. GENO AVUKA PRISCA 28202
3. JOSEPH P GBANAH 27835
4. MURENZI DAN 28234
5. NKURUNZIZA FIACRE 27881
6. SHEMA VINCENT 27998
7. SHYAKA CHRIS 27889
8. NDONG MAINGOUA MICHEL THIERRY ALVINE’S 28151
1. Calculation of the general GPA and major GPA for a student
transcript. This student would not be on probation.
I. Assumptions:
• Grading scale: AUCA uses a 0-20 scale.
• Passing grade: 10 or above.
• Major courses: 60% of total credits.

Sample Transcript (Over 8 Semesters):

Semester Course Code Course Title Credits Grade (0-20)

1 CSC101 Introduction to Computer Science 3 16

1 MAT101 Calculus 4 14

2 ENG101 English Composition 3 12

2 CSC102 Data Structures 3 15

3 ECO201 Principles of Accounting 3 12

3 CSC201 Object-Oriented Programming 4 17

4 MAT201 Linear Algebra 4 13

4 CSC202 Algorithms 3 16

5 CSC301 Software Engineering 3 18

5 MGT301 Management Theory 3 14

6 CSC302 Database Systems 4 17

6 PHY101 Physics 3 12
Semester Course Code Course Title Credits Grade (0-20)

7 CSC401 Artificial Intelligence 4 19

8 CSC402 Computer Networks 4 18

Example for Semester 1:

• (CSC101): 16×3=4816 × 3 = 48
• (MAT101): 14×4=5614 × 4 = 56
• Total Grade Points: 48+56=10448 + 56 = 104
• Total Credits: 3+4=73 + 4 = 7

• Semester Average: 104÷7=14.86104 \div 7 = 14.86 II. General GPA (Over 8

Semesters):
o Sum of grade points for all courses:
 (16×3)+(14×4)+(12×3)+(15×3)+(12×3)+(17×4)+(13×4)+(16×3)+(18×3)+(14×
3)+(17×4)+(12×3)+(19×4)+(18×4)(16 × 3) + (14 × 4) + (12 × 3) + (15 × 3) +
(12 × 3) + (17 × 4) + (13 × 4) + (16 × 3) + (18 × 3) + (14 × 3) + (17 × 4) + (12
× 3) + (19 × 4) + (18 × 4)

 Total Grade Points: 760

• Total Credits: 4848

• General GPA: 760÷48=15.83760 \div 48 = 15.83 III. Major GPA Calculation
(60% Major Courses):
• Extract only the courses related to the major (e.g., CSC101, CSC102,
CSC201, etc.).
• Repeat the same weighted average process:
 Total grade points for major courses =
(16×3)+(15×3)+(17×4)+(16×3)+(18×3)+(17×4)+(19×4)+(18×4)=489(16 × 3)
+ (15 × 3) + (17 × 4) + (16 × 3) + (18 × 3) + (17 × 4) + (19 × 4) + (18 × 4) =
489
 Total credits for major courses = 2828
  Major GPA: 489÷28=17.46489 \div 28 = 17.46 Final
Result:
 General GPA: 15.83
• Major GPA: 17.46

This student would not be on probation, as both the general GPA and major GPA are well
above the passing threshold.

2. Calculation of the general GPA and major GPA for a student

transcript. This student is on probation.
Assumptions:

• Grading scale: AUCA uses a 0-20 scale.

• Passing grade: 10 or above.
• Probation status: GPA is below 10.
• Major courses: 60% of total credits.

Sample Transcript (Over 4 Semesters):

Semester Course Code Course Title Credits Grade (0-20)

1 CSC101 Introduction to Computer Science 3 8

1 MAT101 Calculus 4 7

2 ENG101 English Composition 3 9

2 CSC102 Data Structures 3 10

3 ECO201 Principles of Accounting 3 8

3 CSC201 Object-Oriented Programming 4 9

4 MAT201 Linear Algebra 4 6

4 CSC202 Algorithms 3 10

Example for Semester 1:

• (CSC101): 8×3=248 × 3 = 24
 • (MAT101): 7×4=287 × 4 = 28
• Total Grade Points: 24+28=5224 + 28 = 52
• Total Credits: 3+4=73 + 4 = 7
• Semester 1 Average: 52÷7=7.4352 \div 7 = 7.43

2. General GPA (Over 4 Semesters):

• Sum of grade points for all courses:

• (8×3)+(7×4)+(9×3)+(10×3)+(8×3)+(9×4)+(6×4)+(10×3)(8 × 3) + (7 × 4) + (9
× 3) + (10 × 3) + (8 × 3) + (9 × 4) + (6 × 4) + (10 × 3)
• Total Grade Points: 214

• Total Credits: 2727

• General GPA: 214÷27=7.93214

3. Major GPA Calculation (60% Major Courses):

• Extract only the courses related to the major (e.g., CSC101, CSC102, CSC201,
CSC202).
• Repeat the same weighted average process:

• Total grade points for major courses = (8×3)+(10×3)+(9×4)+(10×3)=100(8 × 3) +

(10 × 3) + (9 × 4) + (10 × 3) = 100
• Total credits for major courses = 1313
• Major GPA: 100÷13=7.69100 \div 13 = 7.69

Final Result:

• General GPA: 7.93 (below 10, hence in probation)

• Major GPA: 7.69 (also below 10)

The student in this scenario is on probation as both the general GPA and the major GPA are
below the threshold of 10.

3. How AUCA library operates and some recommendations for

improvement.
Library Operations:
• Information Access: Provides books, journals, and digital resources.
• Study Areas: Offers quiet and group study spaces.
Technology Services: Provides computers, printers, and Wi-Fi access.
• Research Support: Helps students with research tools and materials.
• Library Services: Issues, returns, and reserves books and assists in resource navigation.
Problems Identified:

• Limited Resources: Outdated or insufficient materials.

• Technology Issues: Slow or outdated computers and weak internet.
• Crowding: Inadequate seating or study spaces during peak times.
• Limited Library Hours: Inconvenient for students, especially during exams.
• Staff Shortage: Limited staff leading to slower services.
Recommendations for Improvement:
• Expand Digital Access: Increase e-book and journal subscriptions.
• Upgrade Technology: Improve computers and internet service.
• Increase Study Space: Add more seating or group areas.
• Extend Hours: Keep the library open longer, especially during exams.
• Train Students: Offer workshops on research tools and library databases.
• Collect Feedback: Use student feedback to address concerns and improve services.

4.Topic of research: Traffic Congestion in Kigali

• General Research Question:
How does traffic congestion affect daily commutes in Kigali?

• General Research Objective:

To identify the causes of traffic congestion in Kigali and suggest solutions to reduce it.

• Research Hypothesis:
Using better traffic management systems can reduce congestion and improve traffic
flow in Kigali.
 • Population of Research:
The population would include daily commuters, public transport drivers, and traffic
officers in Kigali.
• Sample Size:
A sample size of 100 participants, including 50 daily commuters, 30 public transport
drivers, and 20 traffic officers, would be selected for surveys and interviews.

• Project Idea from ICT Specialization:

Create an AI-powered traffic management system that monitors traffic patterns in
realtime, predicts congestion points, and suggests alternative routes to drivers. This
system could also optimize traffic light timings to ease congestion in busy areas.

5. Academic writing at AUCA

In research projects and academic writing at AUCA, various reference styles are used
depending on the requirements of the faculty or department. The most common reference
styles include APA (American Psychological Association) and Turabian, which are both
mentioned in the AUCA research manual.
Comparison of APA and Turabian Styles: I.

APA Style:

• Commonly used in social sciences.

• In-text citations follow the author-date format: (Author, Year).
• The reference list is arranged alphabetically by the author's last name.
• Example of a book citation: Smith, J. (2020). Understanding research. Academic
Press.

I. Turabian Style:

• Used in history, arts, and other humanities.

• In-text citations can either use footnotes/endnotes or the author-date style
(similar to APA but with variations in formatting).
• References can be structured in a bibliography (footnotes style) or a reference
list (author-date style).
o Example of a footnote citation for a book: John Smith, Understanding Research
(Academic Press, 2020), 10.
Similarities:
• Both APA and Turabian allow in-text citations and detailed references at the end of the
document.
They both emphasize proper citation to avoid plagiarism and give credit to original
authors.
Differences:

• APA mainly uses an author-date citation system, while Turabian offers both
footnote/endnote and author-date options.
• Turabian is more flexible, especially in the humanities, with more complex sources like
archival documents and interviews.
• The formatting of titles, capitalization, and punctuation also differs slightly.