DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE

RECORD NOTE
Record work submitted to the Bharathiar University in partial fulfillment of the requirement for
the Degree of

Master of Science in Computer Science

SNMV

(Shri Nehru MahaVidyalaya)

College of Art and Science (Affiliated to

Bharathiar University)

ShriGambhirmalBafna Nagar,

Malumachampatti, Coimbatore-641050.

April-2023
 DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE

This is to certify that it is a bonafide record work done by____________________

studying I Year M.Sc. Computer Science Reg.No. ___________________

Staff In-Charge Head of the Department

Submitted for: PRACTICAL III : DATA MINING USING R

Bharathiar University Practical Examination held on

Even semester (2022-2023)

Internal Examiner External Examiner

 CONTENTS

S.NO DATE PROGRAM TITLE PAGE STAF

F
NO SIG
N
1 Implement Apriori algorithm to extract association rule
of datamining.
2 Implement k-means clustering technique.

3 Implement any one Hierarchal Clustering.

4 Implement Classification algorithm.

5 Implement Decision Tree.

6 Linear Regression.

7 Data Visualization
Ex No.01 APRIORI ALGORITHM

DATE:

Aim:

To implement the apriori algorithm to extract the association rule using the R tool.

Algorithm:

STEP 1: Start the process.

STEP 2: Open the R tool.

STEP 3: Install the association rule package (rule).

STEP 4: Create a notepad with n number of transactions & save the fill with txt format.

STEP 5: Set the path of the notepad document.

STEP6: Then inspect the transactions to display a number of items.

STEP 7: Display the image for the data set.

STEP 8: Display rules parameter specifications.

STEP 9: Stop the process.

 PROGRAM:

>library("arules");
>library("arulesViz");
>patterns = random.patterns(nItems = 1000);
>summary(patterns);
>trans = random.transactions(nItems = 1000, nTrans = 1000, method = "agrawal", patterns = patterns);
>image(trans);
>data("AdultUCI");
>Adult = as(AdultUCI, "transactions");
>rules = apriori(Adult, parameter=list(support=0.01, confidence=0.5));
>rules;
>inspect(head(sort(rules, by="lift"),3));
>plot(rules);
>head(quality(rules));
>plot(rules, measure=c("support","lift"), shading="confidence");
>plot(rules, shading="order", control=list(main ="Two-key plot"));

OUTPUT
>sel = plot(rules, measure=c("support","lift"), shading="confidence", interactive=TRUE);
>subrules = rules[quality(rules)$confidence > 0.8];
>subrules

OUTPUT

>plot(subrules, method="matrix", measure="lift");

>plot(subrules, method="matrix", measure="lift", control=list(reorder=TRUE));
>plot(subrules, method="matrix3D", measure="lift");
>plot(subrules, method="matrix3D", measure="lift", control = list(reorder=TRUE));
>plot(subrules, method="matrix", measure=c("lift", "confidence"));
>plot(subrules, method="matrix", measure=c("lift","confidence"), control = list(reorder=TRUE));
>plot(rules, method="grouped");
>plot(rules, method="grouped", control=list(k=50));
>sel = plot(rules, method="grouped", interactive=TRUE);
>subrules2 = head(sort(rules, by="lift"), 30);
>plot(subrules2, method="graph");
>plot(subrules2, method="graph", control=list(type="items"));
>plot(subrules2, method="paracoord");
>plot(subrules2, method="paracoord", control=list(reorder=TRUE));
>oneRule = sample(rules, 1);
>inspect(oneRule);

OUTPUT
RESULT:

Thus the program is executed successfully and the output is verified

Ex No.02
K-MEANS CLUSTERING
DATE:

Aim:

To implement the linear Regression by using R tool.

Algorithm:

STEP 1: Start the process.

STEP 2: Open the R tool.

STEP 3: Open notepad and mark details and save the file as text document.

STEP 4: Prin the summary of the mark.

STEP 5: Plot the graph for the mark.

STEP 6: Plot the regression chart for x&y.

STEP 7: Stop the process.

PROGRAM:

> newiris <- iris

> newiris$Species <- NULL
> (kc <- kmeans(newiris, 3))

OUTPUT

K-means clustering with 3 clusters of sizes 33, 96, 21

Cluster means:
Sepal.Length Sepal.Width Petal.Length Petal.Width
1 5.175758 3.624242 1.472727 0.2727273
2 6.314583 2.895833 4.973958 1.7031250
3 4.738095 2.904762 1.790476 0.3523810

Clustering vector:
[1] 1 3 3 3 1 1 1 1 3 3 1 1 3 3 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 3 3 1 1 1 3 3 1 1 1 3 1 1
[38] 1 3 1 1 3 3 1 1 3 1 3 1 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 3 2 2 3 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
[75] 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 3 2 2 2 2 3 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
[112] 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
[149] 2 2

Within cluster sum of squares by cluster:

[1] 6.432121 118.651875 17.669524
(between_SS / total_SS = 79.0 %)

Available components:

[1] "cluster" "centers" "totss" "withinss" "tot.withinss"

[6] "betweenss" "size" "iter" "ifault"

> table(iris$Species, kc$cluster)

OUTPUT
1 2 3
setosa 33 0 17
versicolor 0 46 4
virginica 0 50 0

> plot(newiris[c("Sepal.Length", "Sepal.Width")], col=kc$cluster)

OUTPUT
> points(kc$centers[,c("Sepal.Length", "Sepal.Width")], col=1:3, pch=8, cex=2)
RESULT:

Thus the program is executed successfully and output is verified

Ex No.03
HIERARCHICAL CLUSTERING

DATE:

Aim:
To implement hierarchical clustering using R tool.

Algorithm:

STEP 1 Start the process.

STEP 2: Open the R tool.

STEP 3: Select is sample and cluster.

STEP 4: Plot the graph for hierarchical clustering.

STEP 5: Stop the process.

PROGRAM:

>hc=hclust(dist(mtcars),method=”ave”)
>plot(hc)
OUTPUT
RESULT:

Thus the program is executed successfully and the output is verified.

Ex No.04 CLASSIFICATION ALGORITHM

DATE:

Aim:

To implement the classification Algorithm KNN using the R tool.

Algorithm:

STEP 1: Start the process.

STEP 2: Open the R tool.

STEP 3: Call the library function mass.

STEP 4: Select the iris dataset.

STEP 5: Display the summary of fit.

STEP 6: Stop the process.

PROGRAM:

> library(e1071)
> local({pkg <- select.list(sort(.packages(all.available = TRUE)),graphics=TRUE)
+ if(nchar(pkg)) library(pkg, character.only=TRUE)})
> library(MASS)
> data(cats)
> model <- svm(Sex~., data = cats)
> print(model)

OUTPUT

Call:
svm(formula = Sex ~ ., data = cats)

Parameters:
SVM-Type: C-classification
SVM-Kernel: radial
cost: 1
gamma: 0.5

Number of Support Vectors: 84

> summary(model)

OUTPUT

Call:
svm(formula = Sex ~ ., data = cats)

Parameters:
SVM-Type: C-classification
SVM-Kernel: radial
cost: 1
gamma: 0.5

Number of Support Vectors: 84

( 39 45 )

Number of Classes: 2

Levels:
FM

> plot(model, cats)

OUTPUT
RESULT:

Thus the program is executed successfully and the output is verified.

Ex No.05
DECISION TREE
DATE:

Aim:

To implement the decision tree using R Tool.

Algorithm:

STEP 1: Start the process.

STEP 2: Open the R tool.

STEP 3: Call the library function part.

STEP 4: Print cp.

STEP 5: Plot the decision tree.

STEP 6: Print the summary.

STEP 7: Stop the process.

PROGRAM:

> library(rpart)
> fit <- rpart(Kyphosis ~ Age + Number + Start, data = kyphosis)
> fit2 <- rpart(Kyphosis ~ Age + Number + Start, data = kyphosis,
+ parms = list(prior = c(.65,.35), split = "information"))
>
> fit3 <- rpart(Kyphosis ~ Age + Number + Start, data = kyphosis,
+ control = rpart.control(cp = 0.05))
> par(mfrow = c(1,2), xpd = NA)
> plot(fit)

OUTPUT

>text(fit, use.n = TRUE)

OUTPUT

> plot(fit2)
> text(fit2, use.n = TRUE)
RESULT:
Thus the program is executed successfully and the output is verified.
Ex No.06
LINEAR REGRESSION

DATE:

Aim:

To implement the linear Regression by using R tool

Algorithm:

STEP 1: Start the process.

STEP 2: Open the R tool.

STEP 3: Open the notepad and mark details and save the file as a text document.

STEP 4: Print the summary of the mark.

STEP 5: Plot the graph for the mark.

STEP 6: Plot the regression chart for x & y.

STEP 7: Stop the process.

PROGRAM:

> x <- c(1,2,3,4,5,6)

> y <- x^2
> print(y)

OUTPUT
[1] 1 4 9 16 25 36

> mean(y)

OUTPUT

[1] 15.16667

> var(y)

OUTPUT

[1] 178.9667

> lm_1 <- lm(y ~ x)

> "y = B0 + (B1 * x)"

OUTPUT

[1] "y = B0 + (B1 * x)"

> print(lm_1)

OUTPUT

Call:
lm(formula = y ~ x)
Coefficients:
(Intercept) x
-9.333 7.000

> summary(lm_1)

OUTPUT

Call:
lm(formula = y ~ x)
Residuals:
1 2 3 4 5 6
3.3333 -0.6667 -2.6667 -2.6667 -0.6667 3.3333

Coefficients:
Estimate Std. Error t value Pr(>|t|)
(Intercept) -9.3333 2.8441 -3.282 0.030453 *
x 7.0000 0.7303 9.585 0.000662 ***
---
Signif. codes: 0 ‘***’ 0.001 ‘**’ 0.01 ‘*’ 0.05 ‘.’ 0.1 ‘ ’ 1
Residual standard error: 3.055 on 4 degrees of freedom
Multiple R-squared: 0.9583, Adjusted R-squared: 0.9478
F-statistic: 91.87 on 1 and 4 DF, p-value: 0.000662

> par(mfrow=c(2, 2))

> plot(lm_1)

OUTPUT
RESULT:

Thus the program is executed successfully and the output is verified.

Ex No.07
DATA VISUALIZATIONS
DATE:

Aim:

To implement the data visualization using R tool.

Algorithm:

STEP 1: Start the process.

STEP 2: Open the R tool.

STEP 3: Give the value for slices.

STEP 4: Enter the labels.

STEP 5: Specify the slices.

STEP 6: Use a different color for different labels.

STEP 7: Display the pie chart.

STEP 8: Stop the process.

PROGRAM:

Line Chart

>plot(AirPassengers,type="l")

OUTPUT

Bar Chart
>barplot(iris$Petal.Length) #Creating simple Bar Graph
OUTPUT

Box Plot

>boxplot(iris$Petal.Length~iris$Species)
OUTPUT

data(iris)
par(mfrow=c(2,2))
boxplot(iris$Sepal.Length,col="red")
boxplot(iris$Sepal.Length~iris$Species,col="red")
boxplot(iris$Sepal.Length~iris$Species,col=heat.colors(3))
boxplot(iris$Sepal.Length~iris$Species,col=topo.colors(3))
OUTPUT

Scatter Plot
plot(x=iris$Petal.Length) #Simple Scatter Plot
plot(x=iris$Petal.Length,y=iris$Species) #Multivariate Scatter Plot

Pie chart
>pie(table(iris$Species))
OUTPUT

1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0

6 7
iris$Petal.Length

iris$Species
5
4
3
1 2

0 50 100 150 1 2 3 4 5 6 7

Index iris$Petal.Length

setosa

versicolor

virginica
RESULT:

Thus the program is executed successfully and the output is verified.