International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395 -0056

Volume: 04 Issue: 05 | May -2017 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072

Raspberry Pi Based Smart Toll Collection System

Prof. Chhaya Athavale1, Suraj Shinde2, Akshay Rajemane3, Nishant Mohite4
1Asst. Professor, Dept. of Electronics and Telecommunication, Sinhgad Academy of Engineering, Pune, India
2,3,4Student, Dept. of Electronics and Telecommunication, Sinhgad Academy of Engineering, Pune, India
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Abstract - This paper proposes the Raspberry based toll collection rights. It is difficult for government to determine
collection system for toll tax collection. Existing toll collection the termination of contract, paving the way for corruption.
systems in India make use of manual cash transactions. The Raspberry Pi based toll collection system works on the
Exponential growth in traffic is observed in past years. Manual client-server architecture. There is a centralised server
toll collection systems are major bottlenecks of high speed which stores database of users. A client Raspberry Pi at
commutation. This results in problems like longer queues, every toll booth is connected to the server via internet.
wastage of time and increased fuel consumption at toll booths. Raspberry Pi controls hardware i.e. displays, RFID reader,
This project implements an electronic toll collection system motor and simultaneously it communicates with the server
using Raspberry Pi and passive RFID tags. These electronic with the queries regarding user account. Due to this dual
booths automatically collect toll from user account role of Raspberry Pi, separate need of microcontroller is
corresponding to the RFID tag pasted on windshield of car. eliminated. This results in a cost effective implementation of
The toll is deducted from the user account each time it passes the system.
through a toll plaza. An RFID reader with high power and high
directional property is placed overhead for detecting the 2. LITERATURE SURVEY
passive tags pasted on windshield. On-site LCD screen displays
details about the toll deducted and remaining account Electronic toll collection was first implemented in 1986. After
balance. On successful transaction barricade is opened. that many electronic toll collection systems are implemented
Recharge facility for accounts having insufficient balance is with different techniques. Some of them are as follows:
provided on toll booths. This system addresses all issues like System proposed in [1] uses Wi-Fi for communication with
time wastage, fuel consumption and collection errors at one the Smartphone of user. This phone contains all necessary
go. Electronic system will also bring transparency in toll tax data related to the user registration. User is registered at toll
collection and stop corruption and tax evasion issues. booth automatically as he passes through. But in countries
with less Smartphone penetration, system may not work
Key Words: Raspberry Pi, RFID tag, Electronic Toll effectively.
Collection, VB Application, Client-Server Architecture
System proposed in [2] uses overhead camera to detect
number plate and uses it as the account number of the user.
1. INTRODUCTION Database is stored in central server. But deterioration of
number plates or duplicate numbers may introduce false
Toll tax collection systems in India are based on manual cash positives in the system.
transactions. The operator at the toll booth manually collects
System proposed in [3] uses NFC chips for detection of
toll amount according to vehicle type, in form cash bills. He
vehicle identity. The NFC chips are designed to work in the
hands the receipt for same. This modus operandi is time close vicinity of reader. If the distance between reader and
consuming. Due to such systems bottleneck is created in the chip is more than critical limit, system will not detect the
high speed highways. There are chances of error, time vehicle.
wastage, and longer queues leading to fuel wastage.
Considering the limitations of former systems, RFIDs stands
Suppose time taken by each vehicle on toll booth is 60 out with many advantages. RFID tags needs no battery as
seconds a day(approx.) then time taken in a complete year is they can work perfectly with the power transmitted by RFID
365 x 60 = 21900 sec = 6 hrs. Suppose 10000 vehicles pass reader. Unlike number plate physical wear and tear has no
through a particular toll booth in a single year, total of 60000 harm. Distance of tag from reader is no issue as high power
fuel hours are wasted. This is a substantial loss of natural radio waves can detect the tag up to sufficient distance.
resources. Unlike Wi-Fi it does not require any authentication hence
faster than system proposed in [1].
Transparency in toll collection systems is a major issue these
days. Contract for toll collection is in-force until the road More to this the raspberry pi based toll collection system
contractor reimburses the cost incurred for construction, provides a cost effective implementation as components are
maintenance and facilitation of the roads. But due to manual fairly inexpensive.
systems there is no definite way to determine total amount
collected till date. This leads to the misuse of the toll

© 2017, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 5.181 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 3318
 International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395 -0056
Volume: 04 Issue: 05 | May -2017 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072

3. SYSTEM DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION

Fig -1: System Block Diagram

Fig -2: Raspberry Pi Hardware Architecture
This system is implemented with following major
components: 3.2 RFID Reader

 Raspberry pi model 3 B A Radio Frequency Identification system consists of an

 RFID Reader antenna or coil, a transceiver and a transponder
 DC Motor Driver L293D electronically programmed with unique information. RFID
tag consists of a microchip connected to an antenna, which is
 16x2 Character LCD Display
constructed of a small coil of wires. Data is stored in the IC
and transmitted through the antenna to a reader. Most RFID
3.1 Raspberry Pi Model 3 B tags contain at least two parts. One is an integrated circuit for
The Raspberry Pi 3 is the third generation Raspberry Pi storing and processing information, modulating and
single board computer. it is based on a 1.2GHz 64-bit quad- demodulating a (RF) signal, and other specialized functions.
core ARMv8 CPU. It has Inbuilt 802.11n Wireless LAN and
Bluetooth 4.1. Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) makes it efficient
to use with battery operated devices. It has1 GB RAM. 4 USB
ports makes it efficient to connect external hardware. 40
GPIO pins with TTL output. They have current source or
sinking ability up to 16mA. Ethernet port makes it easy to
connect with network. VideoCore 4 3D graphics core support
Full HDMI output along with Combined 3.5mm audio jack and
composite video. This makes it back compatible with older
TV systems. Camera interface (CSI) and Display interface
(DSI) ports are provided to direct interfacing of camera and
camera and display. Micro SD card works as secondary
storage of the computer.
Comparatively low capacity hardware is used in Raspberry Fig -3: RFID Transmitter and Receiver
Pi. Hence a lighter version of desktop Linux is used. It has
only essential libraries and software to support functioning of The second is an antenna for receiving and transmitting the
the Raspberry Pi. This system is makes use of latest raspbian signal. A reader is basically a radio frequency (RF)
Jessie OS. transmitter and receiver, controlled by a microprocessor. It
works on a 5V supply. Typical power consumption is less
than 50mA. The reader, using an attached antenna, captures
data from tags, then passes the data to Raspberry Pi.
The number contained in RFID tag is of 11 digits in HEX
format. This number is sent via either serial interrupt or
Wiegand protocol.

© 2017, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 5.181 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 3319
 International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395 -0056
Volume: 04 Issue: 05 | May -2017 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072

3.3 L239D Motor Driver hex command byte 0x80 will be used to signify that the
display RAM address 00h is chosen. Data bus is 8 bit wide.
L293D motor driver can drive two DC motors simultaneously.
L293D IC is a dual H-bridge driver IC. Single H-bridge is able
to drive a dc motor in both directions. L293D IC is a current
amplifier IC as the output from the sensor is not sufficient to
drive motors itself so L293D is used for this purpose. L293D
has 16 pins, having two enables pins. This pins should always
be high to enable both the H-bridges.
Features
Fig -5: 16x2 character LCD display
 L293 and L293D variants
 Wide Supply-Voltage Range: 4.5 V to 36 V
Liquid Crystal Display also called as LCD is very helpful in
 Separate Input-Logic Supply debugging purpose. The LCD controller is HITACHI 44780
 Internal ESD Protection which provides a simple interface between the controller 1& dot
 Thermal Shutdown matrix. These LCD's are very simple to interface with the
 High-Noise-Immunity Inputs raspberry Pi. They are cost effective.
4. SYSTEM WORKING

When the vehicle passes through the toll plaza the RFID tag is
detected by the RFID receiver placed overhead.This reader is
constantly emitting RF waves at 125KHz. As soon as the tag
comes In field of receiver the tag number is detected and sent to
Raspberry Pi via serial interface. The LCD will display card
detection message and number of card.
If sufficient balance is present in corresponding user account then
stipulated amount will be deducted. This amount depends upon
type of vehicle. The motor driver will open the gate for 30
seconds and the vehicle will pass through the toll booth. In case
of insufficient balance in user account the user will have to pay
toll manually with some penalty.the user can recharge his account
from the toll booth itself. Penalty will encourage the user to keep
sufficient balance in account. New user can also be registered at
the toll booth.
5. RESULTS
Fig -4: L293D pin Diagram Server is running on a windows application created with the
Visual Basic 6. All necessary functions are implemented in
Chart-1: L293D Logic Table this application. It gives comprehensive control of the
system from server.
Input 1 Input 2 Motor Direction
1 0 Clock-wise
0 1 Anti clockwise
0 0 Idle
1 1 Idle

3.3 16x2 LCD Display

The display contains two internal single byte registers, one
for commands (when RS=0) and the other for characters to
be displayed on the display (when RS=1). It consists of a
user-programmable RAM area (the CGRAM) that can be
programmed to display desired character , formed by using a Fig -6: Server application-main screen
5x7dot matrix. To select between these two data areas, the

© 2017, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 5.181 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 3320
 International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395 -0056
Volume: 04 Issue: 05 | May -2017 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072

8. FUTURE SCOPE

Currently system uses prepaid mode. This can be changed to

postpaid. For the prepaid system online recharge system can
be implemented. Cameras can be used for more stable
system in case of RFID failure. System for stolen vehicle
detection can be implemented with little change in software.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

We thank our teachers for their support and encouragement

for this work. We would especially thank Prof. Chhaya
Fig -7: Server application-user management screen Athavale for her guidance and support throughout the
process and always being there for help.

REFERENCES

[1] Shital Ladkat “M-toll using Wi-Fi technology” IRJET

Volume: 03 Issue: 04 | April-2016
[2] Veera venkatesh “Smart Traffic Control System for
Emergency Vehicle Clearance” IJIRCCE Vol. 3, Issue 8,
August 2015
[3] S B Shinde “Toll automation system using NFC” JETIR
January 2016, Volume 3, Issue 1
[4] R H Chaudhary “A model for the benefits of electronic
toll collection System” Theses and dissertation

Fig -8: Hardware Interfacing

6. ADVANTAGES

 RFID system is better than systems mentioned in

[1][2][3] . RFID tag is much faster than any other
system.
 No fuel wastage.
 No traffic jams at toll booths.
 Transparency in toll collection.
 Low infrastructure costs.

7. CONCLUSION

Issues like long queues are completely eliminated by

implementation of the system. This system saves time and
fuel. Transparency in toll collection is increased as reports
are stored digitally. Need for manpower is reduced on a large
scale. User will get proper information of his account on the
toll booth display. Skipping of toll will be avoided. Therefore,
the Raspberry Pi based Automatic Toll Collection System
using GSM will eliminate many issues of the toll plaza at one
go. This system will ensure faster commutation on highways.

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