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ICT UNIT 1-5 Tamil Revision Short Notes

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433 views

ICT UNIT 1-5 Tamil Revision Short Notes

Uploaded by

rakeeza
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Information Communication Technology Mr.T.

Mirukshan
BET Hons In Mechatronics – R
Advanced Level (University Of Sri Jayawardenapura)
Bachelor of Information Technology – R ,
Unit – 03
HNDIT
(University of Colombo school of computing)
Revision

vz;Kiwik
 ve;jnthU ngWkhdj;ijAk; Fwpg;gplj;jf;f jdpj;Jtkhd FwpaPLfs; my;yJ vz;
njhil vz;Kiwik vdg;gLk;.
Example:
 gjpd;k vz;Kiwik (mb 10)
Decimal={0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9}
 ,Ukvz; Kiwik (mb 2)
 vz;k vz;Kiwik (mb 8)
 gjpdWk vz;Kiwik (mb 16)

,Uk vz;Kiwik
 Most Significant Digit (MSD) and Least Significant Digit (LSD)
 jrk vz;nzhd;wpy; cau; ,lg;ngWkhdj;ij milAk; ,yf;fk; MSD (Most
Significant Digit) vdTk; Fiwe;j ,lg;ngWkhdj;ij milAk; ,yf;fk; LSD (Least
Significant Digit) vdTk; fUjg;gLk;.

Most Significant Bit (MSB) and Least Significant Bit (LSB)

 ,Uk vz;nzhd;wpy; cau; ,lg;ngWkhdj;ij milAk; gpl; MSB (Most Significant


Bit) vdTk; Fiwe;j ,lg;ngWkhdj;ij milAk; gpl; LSB (Least Significant Bit)
vdTk; fUjg;gLk;.

Note: Bit = 0,1


Nibble = 4 bits
1 Byte = 8 bits
1 Word = 16 bits
Double word = 32bits
10
1 Kilo byte(KB) = 1024(2 ) bytes = 8192 bits
10
1 Mega byte(MB) = 1024(2 ) KB
10
1 Giga byte (GB) = 1024(2 ) MB
10
1 Tera byte (TB) = 1024(2 ) GB

T.Mirukshan (BET Hons In Mechatronics – R (USJP) , BIT - R, HNDIT (UCSC))


077-0195989
vz;KiwikfSf;fpilapyhd khw;wPLfs;…

1. ,Uk gjpd;k khw;wPL


Eg :- 101111.1012
=10 1 1 1 1. 1 0 1
= 25 24 23 22 21 20 . 2-1 2-2 2-3
= (25x1)+(24x0)+(23x1)+(22x1)+(21x1)+(20x1).(2-1x1)+)(2-2 x0)+(2-3 x1)
= 32 + 0 + 8 + 4 + 2 + 1. (0.5) + 0 + (0.125)
= 47.625

2. vz;k gjpd;k khw;wPL


Eg :- 2478

3. gjpdWk gjpd;k khw;wPL

Eg :- 1AB16

T.Mirukshan (BET Hons In Mechatronics – R (USJP) , BIT - R, HNDIT (UCSC))


077-0195989
4. gjpd;k ,Uk khw;wPL
Eg :- 39.12510

0. 125 x 2
0. 250 x 2
39 = 100111 0. 500 x 2 0.125 = 001
1. 000

39.125 = 100111.001

T.Mirukshan (BET Hons In Mechatronics – R (USJP) , BIT - R, HNDIT (UCSC))


077-0195989
5. vz;k ,Uk khw;wPL
Eg :- 1758

6. gjpdWk ,Uk khw;wPL


Eg :- 1AB16

7. gjpd;k vz;k khw;wPL


Eg :- 67

8. Jtpj vz;k khw;wPL


Eg :- 10110102

9. gjpdWk vz;k khw;wPL


Eg : - A416
A 4

1010 0100 010 100 100 = 2448

10. Jtpj gjpdWk khw;wPL


Eg : - 1011010112

T.Mirukshan (BET Hons In Mechatronics – R (USJP) , BIT - R, HNDIT (UCSC))


077-0195989
11. vz;k gjpdWk khw;wPL
Eg : - 6548
6 5 4

110 101 100 0001 1010 1100 = 1AC16

12. gjpd;k gjpdWk khw;wPL


Eg : - 17010

fzpdp FwpKiwfs;…
BCD (Binary Coded Decimal)
 Can Represent 16 Characters (24)
 jrk vz;fis khj;jpuk; gpujpepjpj;Jtg;gLj;Jtjw;fhf
gad;gLj;jg;gLfpd;wJ.
 4 Digits  (0 - 15)  [0000 - 1001]
[0000 - 1001] = [0 - 9]  Valid Numbers
[1010 - 1111] = [10 - 15]  Non Valid Numbers
Eg :- 84 = 10000100BCD

ASCII (American Standard Code for Information Interchange)


 Can Represent 128 Characters (27) – 7Bits
 ,yf;fq;fs;, Mq;fpy vOj;Jf;fs; kw;Wk; tpNrl FwpaPLfs;
vd;gtw;iw gpujpepjpj;Jtg;gLj;Jtjw;fhf gad;gLj;jg;gLfpd;wJ.
 Use – Keyboard
Eg :- A – 65 - 1000001
a – 97 - 1100001

EBCDIC (Extended Binary Coded Decimal Interchange Code)


 Can Represent 256 Characters (28) – 8Bits
 ,yf;fq;fs;, Mq;fpy vOj;Jf;fs;> tpNrl FwpaPLfs; kw;Wk;
fl;Lg;ghl;L tupAUf;fs; vd;gtw;iw gpujpepjpj;Jtg;gLj;Jtjw;fhf
gad;gLj;jg;gLfpd;wJ.

T.Mirukshan (BET Hons In Mechatronics – R (USJP) , BIT - R, HNDIT (UCSC))


077-0195989
Unicode (Universal code)
 Can Represent 65536 Characters (216) – 8Bits
 ntt;NtW nkhopfspy; cs;s vOj;Jf;fis gpujpepjpj;Jtg;gLj;j
gad;gLj;jg;gLfpd;wJ.

vz;fSf;fpilapyhd fzpj nra;iffs;

gpl; mbg;gilapyhd ju;ff


; r; nra;iffs;

Bitwise NOT (~) Bitwise OR (|)


0 0 0
0 1
0 1 1
1 0 1 0 1
1 1 1

Bitwise AND (&)


Bitwise XOR (^)
0 0 0
0 0 0
0 1 0
0 1 1 Same input - 0
1 0 0
1 0 1 Different input - 1
1 1 1
1 1 0

T.Mirukshan (BET Hons In Mechatronics – R (USJP) , BIT - R, HNDIT (UCSC))


077-0195989
Fwpaplg;gl;l vz;fs; (Signed Numbers)

Fwp gUkd; Kiw (Sign Magnitude)

0  (+) MSB – Sign (+ / -)


1  (-) 7 bits - value

Example:
+55 = 00110111  MSB 0
-55 = 10110111  MSB 1

xd;wpd; epug;gp Kiw (One’s complement)


(-) 1’s complement
01
10

Example : 10 , (-10)

01. 10 One’s Complement…


= 00001010

02. (-10) One’s Complement….


= + 10  00001010 (8bits)
= (-10)  11110101

,uz;bd; epug;gp Kiw (Two’s complement)


Example:
(-25) Two’s Complement….
25  (8bits) = 00011001
25  (1’s complement) = 11100110
+ 1
25  (1’s complement) 11100111

T.Mirukshan (BET Hons In Mechatronics – R (USJP) , BIT - R, HNDIT (UCSC))


077-0195989
1’s ,2’s complement fspd; fzpjr; nra;iffs;

 1’s complement Kiwapy; vz;fisf; $l;ly;


Example :
01) 8 – 3 = ??
8 = 00001000
3 = 00000011
(1’s complement) 3 = 11111100

00001000
+11111100
End carry 100000100
+ 1
00000101  +5

 2’s complement Kiwapy; vz;fisf; $l;ly;


Example :
01) 25 – 10 =??

25 = 00011001
10 = 00001010
(1’s ) 10 = 11110101
(2’s) 10 = 11110101 + 1 = 11110110

00011001
+ 11110110
Discard 1 00001111  (+15)

00001111 => +15

T.Mirukshan (BET Hons In Mechatronics – R (USJP) , BIT - R, HNDIT (UCSC))


077-0195989
ePSk; jrkjhd vz;fs; (Floating point)

Example : -10.625
1) -10.625 = 1010.1012
2) 1.010101 X 23
3) 2k-1 -1
= 28-1 -1
= 27 – 1
= 128 – 1
= 127
4) 127 + 3 = 130
5) 130 = 100000102
6) 32bit…..
1 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Exponent Mantissa
Sign

T.Mirukshan (BET Hons In Mechatronics – R (USJP) , BIT - R, HNDIT (UCSC))


077-0195989
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