Data Visualization

>>Data visualization is a graphical representation of information and data

>>By using visual elements like charts graphs and maps data visualization tools provides
an accessible way to see and understand trends outlets and patterns in data

Example
1) for analyzing government budget
2) population density calculation

Importance of data visualization

1) Enhanced comprehension : visualizations simplify complex data reading in its
understanding

2) Effective communication : visual representations are universally understood facilitating

communication

3) Quick identification of patterns : visualizations expedite pattern recognition and

transporting

4) Interactive exploration : user can interact with visual

5) Support for decision making

6) Improved recall :

7) Story feeling

8) Error detection

9) Timely response :

10) Efficient reporting

Types of data visualization

Column chart : it consists of vertical bars representing the values of different categories it
is used to compare different items or show a comparisons of items over time

Line chart : it is used to show trends over time it is particularly effective for displaying data
that changes continuously over time
Pie chart : it is used to show the composition of something where individual paths make up
the whole is the circular chart divided into slice to the illustrate numerical proportion

Bar chart : it is similar to column chart users horizontal bars to represent the values of
different categories

Bubble chart : similar to scatter plot a bubbles up add a third variable represented by the
size of a bubbles it is useful for visualizing relationships between the three variables

Heat map

Waterfall chart

Radar chart

Area chart

Histogram

Dashboard
Types of data visualization tool that provides visual representation of key performance
indicator (KPI) and the important matrices in a single easy to read interface

Data visualization techniques

Audience : understanding the audience is crucial as it determines the choice of
visualization techniques the complexity of the data displayed and how insides are
communicated

Goal : a clear and logical narrative should be established to convey the relevant content
type and set clear goals for the infographic

Context : the use of colors can be encouraged depending on the context for example red
could indicate a decrease in profit growth while green could show an increase

Tools : utilizing tools can make the charts initiative and easy to read some popular data
visualization tools include power BI and Google charts
Data visualization tools
Tableau : table is a powerful data visualization tool that allows user to create interactive
dashboards reports and charts

Power BI : power BI is a business analytics service by Microsoft that provides interactive

visualization and business intelligence capabilities with an interface

Google charts : Google charts is a free data visualization tools that allows user to create a
wide range of charts including line bar pie and scattered charts

D3 .JS : it is a JavaScript library that allows user to create dynamic and Interactive Data
visualizations on the web

Qlink view : it is a business intelligence and data visualization tools that allows user to
create interactive dashboards and reports

Disdvantages
>> misleading interpretation >> complexity >> subjectivity
>> data overload >> privacy concerns >> resource intensive
>> contacts limitations >> compatibility issues

Advantages
>> clarity >> efficiency >> memorability >> accessibility
>> interactivity >> error identification >> big data handling >> consistency

visualization foundation
Defining clear objectives : before creating a visualization it is important to establish it's
purpose for example a bar chart may be used to compare sales figures for different
products

Emphasizing comparisons : highlighting comparisons is crucial in visualizations utilizing

techniques that make comparison easy is essential

Keep it sample : keeping things simple is important in visualization too much stuff in
visualization can make it hard to understand

Comprehensive labeling
Carefull color labeling : using colors carefully is important for example in a heat map
showing customer satisfaction scores range of colours can indicate different satisfaction
levels and exclude legend can help people understand

Select right visualization tool

Selecting appropriate visual representation

Including interactive elements

Continuous learning

Accessibility

Introduction to power BI
>>>Full form power business intelligence
>>>Developed by Microsoft
>>>Allows user to visualize and share insights from their organizations data

Features of power BI
Data connectivity : power BI allows user to connect a wide range of data sources including
excel spreadsheets cloud based services for example we can connect to a is SQL Server
database to retrieve data for analysis

Data transformation : power BI provides a data preparation tool called power query that
allows user to transform and shape the data for example we can use power query to clean
and filter data merge data from multiple sources

Visualization : power BI provides a wide range of visualization options including charts

graphs maps and tables for example we can create a bar chart to visualize sales by
product category

mobile access : power BI provides mobile apps for iOS Android and windows devices
allowing user to access their reports and dashboards on the go for example we can weave
a sales dashboard on our smartphone while traveling

Custom visualization : custom power BI allows user to create and use custom visualization
from the power BI marketplace for example we can add a custom visualization that
displays geographical data in a unique way such as a custom map visualization

natural language queries

collaboration

real time data streaming

Variants of power BI
power BI desktop :

power BI premium

power BI embedded

power BI pro

power BI mobile

power BI report server

visualization elements in power BI

datasets : data sets in power BI are collections of data from various sources such as files
databases online services and other data repositories

shared datasets : shared data sets are standardized and trusted data sources created by
experts with an organization

reports : reports in power BI consist of one or more visualization and insights generated
from a data set

dashboards : dashboards are interactive high level weaves and that consolidate multiple
visualization reports off widgets in a single screen

template apps : template apps are predesigned app templates available in a power BI
marketplace this enable user to quickly connect their data sources

advantages
user friendly interface

data connectivity

data modeling
free version availability

disadvantages
learning curve

data refresh limitations

limited NLD

cost

different types charts in power BI

bar chart

line chart

donut chart

bubble chart

Area chart

chart maps

column chart

pie chart

ribbon chart

installing power BI desktop

download the installer

run the installer

welcome screen

license terms

installation location

start menu folder

desktop shortcut

installation progress

completion

creating charts in power BI

power BI architecture and data access

power BI desktop : this is a free application that runs on a local computer and serves as the
primary authoring and publishing tool for power BI reports it allows user to connect
transform and visualize their data

power BI service : this is a cloud based service that pause the published reports and
dashboards

power BI gateway : they are used to keep data fresh by syncing on premises data to the
power BI service without the need to move the data permanently to the cloud

power BI report server : this is an on premises report server where power BI reports are
published after being created in power BI desktop

power BI mobile apps : these are applications for iOS and Android devices that allows user
to access and interact with their power BI reports

data sources : power BI can connect to a wide range of data sources including files such as
excel databases like SQL cloud services like Azure

power BI workflow
connecting to data sources

import mode

direct query mode

data transformation and modeling

report creation
publishing reports

sharing and collaboration

data refresh

access reports and dashboards

spatial data
type of data that has spatial or geographic component
example city maps blueprints visualization

Techniques of spatial data

map visualization

field map visualization

Synoplic panel visualization

bubble chart visualization

scatter plot visualization

tree maps

custom visuals

geospatial data
it is a subset of spatial data especially involves information that accurately describes
locations on the Earth's surface
example satellite imagery GPS data etc

visualization techniques for geospatial data in power BI

ArcGIS maps for power BI

shape map visuals

geocoding and address mapping

drill down capabilities in maps

tool tips with geographic details

visualization techniques for time oriented data in power BI

line charts

bar charts

area charts

stacked area charts

glant chart

timeline charts

bullet graph

heat maps

multivariate data

refers to data sets that contain more than two variables or attributes
example health data financial data

visualization techniques for multivariate data

scattered charts

bubble charts

line charts with multiple axes

Stacked bar

heat maps

waterfall chart

radow charts

tree maps

combo charts
custom visuals from the power BI marketplace

trees graphs and network

hierarchical structure that represent relationships between data paint in a branching
structure

->techniques
tree map

drill down charts

org charts

graphs
representation of data points and their relationships

->techniques
network chart

forced directed graph

Chord diagram

networks
representation of interconnected data points

->techniques
Network chart

Arc diagram

Sankey diagram
Text and document visualization
used to analyze and visualize unstructured textual data such as document articles social
media posts
it is also known for numerical and categorical data visualization

Visualization techniques
Word cloud

Key phase extraction

Sentiment analysis

Document similarly

Text analytics dashboard

Histogram for text length or frequency

Network diagram for topic modeling

Table and matrix for detailed text analysis

Slice for text filtering

Time series analysis for text data

Box and whisker plots for sentiment distribution