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Assignment01

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asmabintaejaz3656
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PHY201: Waves & Optics

Assignment 1
August 29, 2024

1. Anyp complex number z = x + jy can be represented in x-y plane by a vector of length


r = x2 + y 2 , making an angle θ = tan−1 (y/x) with the x axis. Consider a complex number
z defined by z = z1 z2 , where z1 and z2 are also complex numbers. How is r related to r1 and
r2 ? How is θ related to θ1 and θ2 ?

2. (a) Given Euler’s formula ejθ = cos θ + j sin θ, find the exponential representations of cos θ
and sin θ. Display these relations geometrically via a vector diagram in x − −y plane.
(b) If z = Aejθ , deduce that dz = jzdθ, and find its geometrical representation.

3. Verify that x = A cos(kt)+B sin(kt) is a solution of the differential equation d2 x/dt2 = −k 2 x,


where A and B are arbitrary constants. Show that this solution can be written in the form
x = C cos(kt + α), and express C and α as functions of A and B.

4. A point moves on a circle at constant speed of 50 cm/sec. The period of one complete journey
around the circle is 6 seconds. At t = 0 the line to the point from the center of the circle
makes an angle 30◦ with the x axis.

(a) Find the equation of the x coordinate of the point in the form x(t) = A cos(ωt + α),
specifying the numerical values of A, ω and α.
(b) Find the values of x, dx/dt, and d2 x/dt2 at t = 2 seconds.

5. Express the following in the form Re[Aej(ωt+α) ]

(a) sin ωt + cos ωt,


(b) 2 sin ωt + 3 cos ωt,
(c) sin ωt − 3 cos(ωt − π/4) + cos ωt.

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