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10-25-24 Lecture Study Tool

Cellular neurobiology biol 313

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dmeyers
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7 views

10-25-24 Lecture Study Tool

Cellular neurobiology biol 313

Uploaded by

dmeyers
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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10/25/24 Lecture Study Tool

For Exam 3 BIOL 313


Long Term Potentiation Review
➢ Can ______ the strength of a _______ synapse, causing more ________ to be released by the
_______ cell
➢ Postsynaptically, it can lead to more _______________ being put into the membrane
➢ It also makes __________________ more likely to open.
➢ LTP only happens if the postsynaptic cell has an _____ -gated glutamate receptor.
■ When this receptor is open, it passes ______ in and ____ out
■ The influx of this ____ is what triggers these changes
■ NMDA-gated channel only opens when its neuron is ___________.
● Why? ________.
Long Term Potentiation Review
➢ Can enhance the strength of a glutaminergic synapse, causing more glutamate to be released
by the presynaptic cell
➢ Postsynaptically, it can lead to more glutamate-binding receptor channels being put into the
membrane
➢ It also makes K and AMPA channels more likely to open.
➢ LTP only happens if the postsynaptic cell has an NMDA-gated glutamate receptor.
■ When this receptor is open, it passes Na+ and Ca++ in and K+ out
■ The influx of this extra Ca++ is what triggers these changes
■ NMDA-gated channel only opens when its neuron is strongly depolarized
● Why? Because you need a strong depolarization to kick Mg++ out that plugs the
channel
Molecular Based Learning

❖ ___________ - also known as ____________ →two unrelated stimuli


become related
➢ ________ - react to bell w/ preparation to eat (salivation)
■ ________ Stimulus - Bell
■ _________ Stimulus - Food
❖ In the sea slug, the ______ stimulus was touching their siphon gently. The
________ stimulus was an unpleasant shock to their tail.
❖ Gradually, when their siphon was touched gently, they would
_________________________.
➢ Siphon normally has a ____ synapse to the gill
Molecular Based Learning

❖ Classical conditioning - also known as associative learning →two unrelated


stimuli become related
➢ Pavlov’s Dogs - react to bell w/ preparation to eat (salivation)
■ Conditioned Stimulus (CS) - Bell
■ Unconditioned Stimulus (US) - Food
❖ In the sea slug, the conditioned stimulus was touching their siphon gently.
The unconditioned stimulus was an unpleasant shock to their tail.
❖ Gradually, when their siphon was touched gently, they would respond to a
shock without the presence of a shock.
➢ Siphon normally has a mild synapse to the gill
Classical Conditioning continued…
❖ Training will ______the synaptic strength between the______ and the __________so that every
time the siphon is touched, the gill is withdrawn.
Classical Conditioning continued…
❖ Training will enhance the synaptic strength between the siphon sensory neuron and the gill
motor neuron so that every time the siphon is touched, the gill is withdrawn.
Before Training - Siphon
normally has a mild synapse to
the gill.

Tail Sensory Neuron sends


info to facilitating
interneuron.

Touch to siphon
- activates Siphon sensory neuron
siphon sensory Synapses w/ Gill Motor
neuron, which Siphon Sensory neuron is Neuron, releases
depolarizes receiving info from facilitating glutamate when
interneuron via serotonin. depolarized
Before Training
→ Touch
Siphon and…
Before Training Activate siphon
This opens V-gated
→ Touch sensory neuron,
channels, which let
Siphon and… which
in some Ca++
depolarizes.

Adenyl Calmodulin Ca++ activates


cyclase activates
calmodulin
makes cAMP adenyl cyclase
During Training,
Tail Receives a
Shock, paired with
the touch to
siphon and…
During Training, Tail sensory Facilitating Serotonin acts via a
Tail Receives a neuron sends input Interneuron releases G-protein mediated
Shock, paired with to facilitating serotonin onto the cascade to make
interneuron siphon sensory cAMP
the siphon touch neuron
and…

We now have 2
Phosphorylates tracks to make
Action Potential K+ channels in Activates
Sticks around longer cAMP (this one and
the siphon protein the track “before
in the siphon sensory sensory
neuron, so… kinase A training” huge
terminal and which… increase in cAMP
closes them,
so…

Ca++ is coming in
through v-gated …which closes More glutamate This
channels, leading to
more activation of
K+ channels is released onto enhances the
PKA the gill motor effect!
neuron

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