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1. No thinking capability
CHARACTERISTICS OF THE COMPUTER A computer has no capability to think and find
out the result based on its past experience as a
SPEED human being can do
- A computer is a very fast device. It can
perform in a few seconds. No feelings
- The amount of work that a human being can A computer has no feelings and no instincts
do. A computer does it in one minute. because they are life less machines. Computers
don’t possess the equivalent of a human.
ACCURACY
The accuracy of a computer is very high. In No manual job
particular, the computations of the computer. Human beings can perform certain types of
The error can occur in a computer but these are manual jobs. Such as running, eating, etc. but it
mainly due to human error rather than is not possible in case of a machine like a
technological weakness. computer.

DILLIGENCE ELEMENTS OF THE COMPUTER SYSTEM

Unlike human beings, computer is free from
tiredness, lack of concentration and can work 1. People - the most important part and
for hours without committing any errors. beneficiary of a computer system, generally
categorized as either end-users or developers
VERSATILITY
It is another term for flexible it is one of the 2. Procedures - are descriptions of how things
best things about computer. You can perform are done, i.e. manuals, documentations …
different task such as creating exam,
calculations, editing picture etc. Computer can 3. Data/Information - raw facts (data) and
perform many tasks by a series of logical steps. processed data (information) that are used to
produce the desired result
POWER OF REMEMBERING
Unlike human computer can store and recall 4. Hardware - the physical element of a
vast amount of information or data because of computer system categorized according to the
its storage devices. The information is recalled basic operations they perform: input,
will be as accurate as the day it was first processing, output, storage and
entered in the computer. communications.

LIMITATIONS OF THE COMPUTER 5. Software - provides the step by step

Reliability of programs instructions that tell the computer what to do.
Computer does what it is program. If the Generally software is divided into system
program given is not design properly then the software and application software.
result may be wrong. The computer won’t be
able to ascertain the correctness of the result. 6. Communications - refers to the electronic
transfer of data from one place to another.
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TYPES OF COMPUTER Minicomputer

COMPUTER – is a programmable machine that A midsized computer in size and power
receives input, stores and manipulates data, minicomputer lie between workstation and
and provides output in a useful format. mainframes in general, a mini computer is a
multi processing system capable of supporting
4 TYPES OF COMPUTER from 4 to 200 users simultaneously.
 Micro computer Example: IBM’s AS/400e
 Mini computer
 Mainframe computer
 Super computer

Micro computer
- A computer design for an individual.
- It uses Micro processor technology to input,
manipulate, store and output data.
Main frame Computer
- A more common term for personal computer
A very large expensive computer capable of
or PC.
supporting hundreds or even thousands of
- Business use personal computers for word
users simultaneously.
processing, accounting, desktop publishing, and
Example : IBM 3090, Amdahl 5890
for running spreadsheet and data base
management application

Super computer
The fastest type of computer is the most
Two Classifications of micro computers
expensive among all the types of computer.
1. Personal computer or PC - have become
Other use of super computer includes animated
widely popular with people of all lifestyle
graphics, dynamic calculation. Nuclear energy
because they are powerful, affordable and easy
research and petroleum explorations.
to use personal computers are of various size
and design
2. Portable computer - includes laptops or net
books and tablet computer. They are small
enough to move easily from one place to
another and they can operate on
EXAMPLE NEC EARTH SIMULATOR IBM ASCIC
batteries .portable computer are popular with
WHITE Area of computer : 4 tennis court,3
people who likes to travel and need computing
floors Rmax 35.86 billion calculations/sEC
power on the go.
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POSITIVE AND NEGATIVE IMPACTS OF

COMPUTER
POSITIVE

POSITIVE
1. Positive Effects on Learning
2. Positive Effects on Social Behavior
POSITIVE EFFECTS OF COMPUTERS ON OUR
PERSONAL LIFE
 Reconnecting with friends
NEGATIVE
 Easier/faster communication
 Catalog Pictures
 Games
 Access to information
 Training online
 Job work faster
 More affiant
 Easier access to information
 Meetings at a company are reduced
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 Manage payroll, accounts receivable, - Device used to enter information into a

taxes computer or deliver processed data to a human
 Control inventory or another machine.
- Are ‘Non-essential’ piece of hardware that
NEGATIVE plug into the computer externally
1. Negative effect on physical health - They are called ‘non-essential’ because a
2. Vision problems computer can operate without them
3. Physical Health Issues  Keyboards: Input - used for entering
NEGATIVE EFFECTS ON OUR PERSONAL LIFE text and commands into a computer.
 Spend more time on computer than  Mouse: Input - used for controlling the
your family cursor and selecting items on the
 Addiction-less interaction with people screen.
 Faster communication may not be  CRT monitor/Cathode Ray Tube:
better communication Output - displays visual information
 Identity Theft from the computer.
NEGATIVE EFFECTS ON YOUR PROFESSIONAL  LCD monitor/Liquid Crystal Display:
LIFE Output - displays visual information
 Working from home limits your from the computer.
interaction with colleagues  Scanner: Input - used to convert
 Negative effects computer have in your physical documents or images into
academic life digital format.
 Less interaction with classmates  Printer (Laser/Inkjet): Output - used to
produce physical copies of digital
documents or images.
 Headphones: Output - used for listening
to audio output from the computer.
 Microphones: Input - used for capturing
audio input such as voice or sound.
 Joysticks: Input - used for controlling
movements or actions in gaming or
simulation applications.
 Speakers: Output - used for producing
audio output from the computer.
 Webcam: Input - used for capturing
video input, often for video
conferencing or recording.
 USB/Universal Serial Bus: Storage- a
standard interface used for connecting
various devices to a computer.
 USB ports: Input - physical connectors
on a computer or device used for
PERIPHERAL DEVICES connecting USB devices.
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A speaker gives you sound output from your

PERIPHERALS ARE COMMONLY DIVIDED INTO computer. Some speakers are built into the
THREE KINDS: INPUT DEVICES, OUTPUT computer and some are separate.
DEVICES, AND STORAGE DEVICES (WHICH
PARTAKE OF THE CHARACTERISTICS OF THE Headphones
FIRST TWO). AN INPUT DEVICE CONVERTS Headphones give sound output from the
INCOMING DATA AND INSTRUCTIONS INTO A computer. They are similar to speakers, except
PATTERN OF ELECTRICAL SIGNALS IN BINARY they are worn on the ears so only one person
CODE THAT ARE COMPREHENSIBLE TO A can hear the output at a time.
DIGITAL COMPUTER.
Input

Output Input devices

- Use to input/enter the data /information or
Output device instructions into the computer.
- Use to Display the result of the process data
/information and command. Camera
Most cameras like this are used during live
Output can be displayed: conversations. The camera transmits a picture
On screen, printed out, in the form of graphics, from one computer to another, or can be used
or voice or sound output. to record a short video.

Monitor Keyboard
A monitor is the screen on which words, The keyboard is a way to input letters or
numbers, and graphics can be seen. The numbers into different applications or
monitor is the most common output device. programs. A keyboard also has special keys that
help operate the computer.
Projector
A projector is an output device that can take Mouse
images from a computer and display them on a The mouse is used to open and close files,
screen, wall or another surface. The surface navigate web sites, and click on a lot of
projected onto is usually large, flat and lightly commands (to tell the computer what to do)
colored. when using different applications.

Printer Drawing Tablet

A printer prints whatever is on the monitor A drawing tablet is similar to a white board,
onto paper. Printers can print words, numbers, except you use a special pen to write on it and
or pictures. it's connected to the computer. Then the word
or image you draw can be saved on the
Speaker computer.

Microphone
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A microphone is used to record sound. The extracting data files and objects. Storage
sound is then saved as a sound file on the devices can hold and store information both
computer. temporarily and permanently. They may be
internal or external to a computer.
Scanner
A scanner is used to copy pictures or other Hard disk drive (HDD) - hard disk, hard drive, or
things and save them as files on the computer. fixed disk is an electro-mechanical data storage
device that stores and retrieves digital data.
Disk Drive
A disk drive can hold a CD or a floppy disk. It The floppy disk drive - also known as diskette, is
reads the information on the disk so that the a removable magnetic storage medium that
computer can use it. allows recording of data. IBM first introduced it
as a 8-in diskette in 1971
Joystick
A joystick is used to move the cursor from place Tape drive - is a data storage device that reads
to place, and to click on various items in and writes data on a magnetic tape. Magnetic
programs. A joystick is used mostly for tape data storage is typically used for offline
computer games. data storage.

Touch Screen Memory cards - typically range in size from 8 to

A touch screen is a computer screen or other 512 MB, but new cards are capable of storing
screen that you can touch with your finger to upwards of 8 GB of data. Commonly used for
enter information. Examples of touch screens storing photos in digital cameras and for storing
include a smart board, a microwave, a and transferring programs and data between
dishwasher, or an ATM at a bank. handheld computers

Bar Code Scanner SD card - short for Secure Digital card, is a type
A bar code scanner scans a little label that has a of removable memory card used to read and
bar code on it. The information is then saved on write large quantities of data in a wide variety
the computer. Bar code scanners are used in of mobile electronics, cameras, smart devices
libraries a lot.
Sim card - also known as subscriber identity
Machines that let you enter data are input module or subscriber identification module
devices (SIM), is an integrated circuit running a card
Machines that show you the data in a form you operating system.
can understand are output devices. Allows subscribers to use their mobile devices
to receive calls, send SMS messages, or connect
to mobile internet services. apply to both
iPhones and Android phones

A storage device is any type of computing A USB flash drive - also known as a USB stick,
hardware that is used for storing, porting or USB thumb drive or pen drive - is a plug-and-
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play portable storage device that uses flash

memory.

External hard drive - is a piece of equipment

that can be connected to your computer to
increase its storage space. Unlike the hard drive
that's installed in your computer, an external
hard drive is portable and can also be used to
store files from multiple devices.

Compact Disk - Some compact disks can be

used to put information on. This is called
burning information to a CD.