Republic of the Philippines

Department of
Education

8 Zest for Progress

Z Peal of artnership

Mathematics
Quarter 3 - Module 7:
Prove Statements on Triangle Congruence

Name of Learner: ___________________________

Grade & Section: ___________________________
Name of School: ___________________________
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 What I Need to Know

LEARNING COMPETENCY
In this module, you will be able to prove statements on triangle
congruence. (M8GEIIIh-1)

What I Know
Directions: Find out how much you already know about this lesson. Write only the
letter of the correct answer on the space provided. Take note of the items that you
were not able to answer correctly and find out the right answer as you go through this
module.
For items 1-5: Complete the proof.
A. CO ≅ CO E. Given
B. ASA F. Transitive Property
C. SAS G. Reflexive Property
D. ∠ BCO ≅ ∠ ACO H. CO bisects ∠ ACB

In ∆ ABC , let O be a point in AB such that CO bisects ∠ ACB. If AC ≅ BC , prove that

∆ ACO ≅ ∆ BCO .

Statements Reasons
1. AC ≅ BC 1. _____________
2. ______________ 2. Given
3. ______________ 3. Definition of angle bisector
4. CO ≅ CO 4. __________________
5. ∆ ACO ≅ ∆ BCO 5. _________________

______6. Jancent knows that AB≅ XY and BC ≅ YZ . What other information must he know
to prove that ∆ ABC ≅ ∆ XYZ by SAS postulate?
A. ∠ B≅ ∠ Y C. ∠ C ≅ ∠ Z
B. ∠ A ≅ ∠ X D. ∠ C ≅ ∠ X
______7. Supply the missing reasons from the proof shown below.
Given: AB≅ AC , ∠ BAD ≅ ∠CAD A
Prove: AD bisects BC
Statements Reason
(
(

1. AB≅ AC 1.Given
A.
2. ∠ BAD ≅ ∠CAD 2.Given B.
3. AD ≅ AD 3.Reflexive Property C.
B D C
4. ∆ BAD ≅ ∆ CAD 4. ? 1
5. BD ≅ CD 5. ?
6. AD bisects BC 6.Def. of segment bisector
 A. ASA; CPCTC C. SSS; Reflexive Property
B. SAS; Reflexive Property D. SAS; CPCTC
______8. If SE ≅ JO , ED ≅ OY and SD≅ JY . Can you prove that ∆ SED ≅ ∆ JOY ? Explain.
A. yes, by ASA C. No
B. yes, by SSS D. yes, by AAS
______9. What property of congruence is illustrated in the statement? If AB≅ DE and
EF ≅ DE , then AB≅ EF ?
A. Symmetric B. Transitive C. Reflexive D. Multiplication
______10. What is the definition of CPCTC?
A. Corresponding Parts of Congruent Triangles Are Congruent
B. Congruent Parts of Corresponding Triangles Are Congruent
C. Corresponding Parts of Corresponding Triangles Are Congruent
D. Corresponding Parts of Congruent Triangles Are Corresponding

Impressive! You were able to finish answering the

pre-test. You may ask your facilitator/guardian to check
your work. Congratulations and keep learning!

What’s In
When triangles are congruent, one triangle can be moved (through one, or
more, rigid motions) to coincide with the other triangle. All corresponding sides and
angles will be congruent.

REMINDER: There are five ordered combinations to prove triangles

congruent: SSS, SAS, ASA, AAS, and HL (for right triangles).

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 The good news is that when proving triangles congruent, it is not necessary to
prove all six facts to show congruency. There are certain ordered combinations of
these facts that are sufficient to prove triangles congruent. These combinations
guarantee that, given these facts, it will be possible to draw triangles which will take
on only one shape (be unique), thus insuring congruency.

Previously, you learned that when two triangles are congruent, all its
corresponding sides and angles are congruent. You also learned the six facts
which is always true.
Now, try to answer the given questions by applying the concepts you have
learned in the previous lessons on radicals.

Directions: Read the questions carefully. Write the letter of your answer on the space
before the number.

______1. If ∆ ABC ≅ ∆≝¿ , which segment is congruent to AB?

A. BC B. AC C. DE D. EB

______2. If ∆ ∑ ≅ ∆ PRO , which angle is congruent to ∠ M ?

A. ∠ S B. ∠ P C. ∠ R D. ∠ O

______3. If ∆ TIN ≅ ∆ CAN , then ∆ NAC is congruent to ___?

A. ∆ ITN B. ∆ NIT C. ∆ TNI D. ∆ ∫ ¿

______4. Miguel knows that in ∆ MIG and ∆ JAN , MI ≅ JA , IG ≅ AN , and MG ≅ JN . Which

postulate or theorem can he use to prove the triangles congruent?
A. ASA B. AAS C. SAS D. SSS

______5. In ∆ DOS , what side is included between ∠ D and ∠ O ?

A. DO B. DS C. SD D. SO

What’s New
Tips for Preparing Congruent Triangle Proofs:
When working with congruent triangles, remember to:
1. Start by marking the given information on your diagram (using hash marks,
arcs, etc.).
2. Remember your definitions! If the given information contains definitions, be sure
to use them as they are "hints" to the solution.
3. Look for any parts that your triangles may "share". These common parts will
automatically be one set of congruent parts.
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4. If you are missing needed pieces to prove the triangles congruent, examine the
diagram to see what else you may already know about the figure.
5. If you are trying to prove specific "parts" of the triangles are congruent, find a set of
triangles that contains these parts and prove those triangles congruent.
6. If the triangles you need are overlapping, try drawing the two triangles separately.
It may give you a better look at the known information.
7. Keep in mind that there may be more than one way to solve the problem.

A proof is like a big "puzzle" waiting to be solved. Look carefully at the "puzzle" and
use all of your geometrical strategies to arrive at a solution.

Some of the more common theorems, properties, and definitions used with
congruent triangles:
1. Reflexive Property - when a quantity is equal (or congruent) to itself. Used for
shared parts.
2. Transitive Property - if two quantities are equal (=) to the same quantity, they
are equal (=) to each other.
3. Angle Bisector - a ray in the interior of an angle creating two congruent
angles.
4. Segment Bisector - a line, segment or ray that divides the segment into two
congruent parts.
5. Midpoint of Segment - a point on the segment creating two congruent
segments.
6. Median of a Triangle - a segment from any vertex of a triangle (Δ) to the
midpoint of the opposite side.
7. Altitude of a Triangle - a segment from any vertex of a triangle (Δ)
perpendicular to the line containing the opposite side.
8. Vertical angles are congruent. These are the angles in the corners of an X.
9. Right angles are congruent.
10. If two angles form a linear pair, they are supplementary.
11. Points that lie on a perpendicular bisector of a segment are equidistant from
the ends of the segment.
12. If two parallel lines are cut by a transversal, the alternate interior angles are
congruent.

What is It
AC ≅ DF
Example 1: Given:
∠ BAC ≅ ∠ EDF
∠ BCA ≅ ∠ EFD

Prove: ∆ ABC ≅ ∆≝¿

Proof for Example 1

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 Given: AC ≅ DF
∠ BAC ≅ ∠ EDF
∠ BCA ≅ ∠ EFD

Prove: ∆ ABC ≅ ∆≝¿

Statements Reasons
1. AC ≅ DF Given
∠ BAC ≅ ∠ EDF
∠ BCA ≅ ∠ EFD
2. ∆ ABC ≅ ∆≝¿ ASA- If two angles and the included side of one
triangle are congruent to the corresponding parts in
another triangle, the triangles are congruent.

Example 2:

Given: AE≅ BD
AC ≅ EC
BC ≅ DC

Prove: ∆ ABC ≅ ∆ EDC

Notice that there seems to be missing information. You are

expected to "find" the additional information by observing the vertical

angles at C. (Use SAS for this example.)

Proof for Example 2

Given: AE≅ BD
AC ≅ EC
BC ≅ DC
Prove: ∆ ABC ≅ ∆ EDC
Statements Reasons
1. AE≅ BD Given
AC ≅ EC
BC ≅ DC
2. ∠ BCA ≅ ∠ DCE Vertical angles are congruent.
3. ∆ ABC ≅ ∆ EDC SAS- If two sides and the included angle of one
triangle are congruent to the corresponding parts in
another triangle, the triangles are congruent.

Example 3:
Given: AC bisects ∠ BCD
BC ≅ DC

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 Prove: ∆ ABC ≅ ∆ ADC

fact that the angle bisector will result in ∠1 being congruent to ∠2. In
This example contains a "definition". You need to apply the

addition, the two triangles "share" side AC . Use SAS for this example.)

Proof for Example 3

Given: AC bisects ∠ BCD
BC ≅ DC

Prove: ∆ ABC ≅ ∆ ADC

Statements Reasons
1. AC bisects ∠ BCD Given
BC ≅ DC

2. ∠ BCA ≅ ∠ DCA Bisector forms two congruent angles.

3. BC ≅ DC Reflexive Property
4. ∆ ABC ≅ ∆ ADC SAS- If two sides and the included angle of one
triangle are congruent to the corresponding parts in
another triangle, the triangles are congruent.

Example 4:

Given: isosceles ∆ ABC (base AC )

altitude BD
Prove: AD ≅ CD

tells you that BD ⊥ AC and that ∠BDC and ∠BDA are right angles. The
The isosceles definition tells you that BA ≅ BC . The altitude definition

triangles share side BD. The sides you need are contained in ΔABD and
ΔCBD. Use "corresponding parts of congruent triangles are congruent".
(Use HL for the congruent triangles in this example).

Proof for Example 4

Given: isosceles ∆ ABC (base AC )
altitude BD
Prove: AD ≅ CD

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 Statements Reasons
1. isosceles ∆ ABC Given
(base AC )
altitude BD

2. BA ≅ BC An isosceles triangle has two congruent sides.

3. BD ⊥ AC Altitude of a triangle is line segment from any vertex
perpendicular to line containing the opposite side.
4. ∠ BDA , ∠ BDC rt. Perpendicular lines form right angles.
∠s
5. ∆ BDA , ∆ BDC rt. ∆ s A right triangle contains a right angle.
6. BD ≅ BD Reflexive Property
7. ∆ ABC ≅ ∆ ADC HL- If the hypotenuse and leg of one right triangle
are congruent to the corresponding parts of another
right triangle, the right triangles are congruent.
8. AD ≅ CD CPCTC- Corresponding parts of congruent triangles
are congruent.
ACTIVITY 1: FILL ME UP!
What’s More

Directions: Fill in the blanks. Use the words inside the box to complete the
statements and reasons in proving the triangle congruence.

Alternate Interior Angles Theorem BC ∥ AD Given

AC ≅ AC BC ≅ DA

Write a proof.
Given: BC ≅ DA , BC ∥ AD
Prove: ∆ ABC ≅ ∆CDA

Statements Reasons
1. Given
2. BC ∥ AD
3. ∠ BCA ≅ ∠ DAC
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4. Reflexive Property
 What I Have Learned
ACTIVITY 2: MATCH ME

Directions: Match the Statements in Column A with the right Reasons in

Column B to prove the following. Write your answer on the space
provided before the number.

Given: BC ≅ AD , BC ∥ AD
Prove: ∠ B≅ ∠ D

Statements Reasons

1. BC ≅ AD , BC ∥ AD A. Reflexive Property
2. ∠ BCA ≅ ∠ DAC B. SAS Postulate
3. AC ≅ AC C. CPCTC
4. ∆ BCA ≅ ∆ DAC D. Given
5. ∠ B≅ ∠ D E. Parallel – Alternate
Interior

What I Can Do
ACTIVITY 3: IS IT TRUE?
Directions: Each statement has corresponding reasons. Write True if the
reason for each statement is true, otherwise write False.

Given: ∠ NER ≅ ∠NVR

RN bisects∠ ERV
Prove: ∆ ENR ≅ ∆ VNR

Statements Reasons True/False

1. ∠ NER ≅ ∠NVR Given

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 2. RN bisects∠ ERV Transitive Property

3. ∠ NER ≅ ∠NVR SAS Postulate

4. RN ≅ RN Reflexive Property

5. ∆ ENR ≅ ∆ VNR
AAS Congruence Theorem

Assessment
Directions: Read each item carefully. Write the letter of your answer on the space
before the number.

______1. Justify the last two steps of the proof.

Given: RS ≅ UT and RT ≅ US
Prove:∆ RST ≅ ∆ UTS

Proof:

1. RS ≅ UT 1. Given
2. RT ≅ US 2. Given
3. ST ≅ TS 3. ______
4. ∆ RST ≅ ∆ UTS 4. ______

A. Symmetric Property of ≅ ; SSS C. Reflexive Property of ≅ ; SSS

B. Reflexive Property of ≅ ; SAS D. Symmetric Property of ≅ ; SAS

_____2. Supply the missing reasons to complete the proof. Q S

Given:∠ Q ≅ ∠ T and QR ≅ TR
R
Prove: PR ≅ SR

P T

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 A. ASA; Substitution C. AAS; CPCTC
B. SAS; CPCTC D. ASA; CPCTC

_____3. Supply the reasons missing from the proof shown below.

Given: AB≅ AC , :∠ BAD ≅ ∠CAD

Prove: AD bisects BC
A
(
(

B D C

A. ASA; CPCTC C. SSS; Reflexive Property

B. SAS; Reflexive Property D. SAS; CPCTC
_______4. Use the information in the figure. Tell why AC ≅ AC and ∠ BCA ≅ ∠ DAC .

A. Reflexive Property, Given A B

B. Transitive Property, Reflexive Property
C. Given, Reflexive Property
D. Reflexive Property, Transitive Property

D C
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______5. State whether ∆ ABC∧∆ AED are congruent. Justify your answer.
a. yes, by either SSS or SAS
b. yes, by SSS only 7 7
c. yes, by SAS only
d. No; there is not enough information to conclude
that the triangles are congruent.

______6. From the information in the diagram, can you

prove ∆ FDG ≅ ∆ FDB? Explain
Statements Reasons
A. yes, by ASA

2. ∠B ≅ ∠E
C. DE
1. AB≅ 1. Given yes, by
SAS 2. Given
3. BC ≅ EF 3. Given
B. yes, ∆ ABC ≅ ∆≝¿ 4. _______ by AAA
D. no

______7. Supply the missing reasons to complete the

proof.
Given: AC ≅ DB , ∠ ACD ≅ ∠ BDC
Prove: ∠ A ≅ ∠ B

A. ASA Congruence Postulate; CPCTC

B. SSS Congruence Postulate; CPCTC
C. SAS Congruence Postulate; CPCTC
D. AAS Congruence Postulate; CPCTC

______8. Justify the step of the proof.

∠B ≅ ∠E
Given: AB≅ DE

BC ≅ EF
Prove: ∆ ABC ≅ ∆≝¿

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 A. ASA Congruence Postulate
B. SAS Congruence Postulate
C. ASA Congruence Postulate
D. AAS Congruence Postulate

For items 9 to 10

A. CO ≅ CO D. ∠BCO ≅∠ACO
Complete the proof. Choose the letter of the correct answer to fill the blank.
B. Given C. SAS

In ∆ABC, let O be a point in AB such that CO bisects ∠ACB, if AC ≅ BC. Prove

that ∆ACO ≅ ∆BCO.

Proof:
Statements Reasons

1. AC ≅ BC
2. CO bisects ∠ACB
Given
Given

4. CO ≅ CO
3. _(9)____________ Definition of angle bisector

5. ∆ACD ≅ ∆BCO
Reflexive Property of Congruence
_(10)____________

Additional Activities
ACTIVITY 4: LET’S HAVE A COUNTDOWN! 3-2-1

3 things I learned in this

lesson

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 2 things that interests me

1 application of what I learned

in this lesson

Rubrics:

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 Criteria 10 Points 8 Points 6 Points Total

Correct All answers 4 to 3 Only 2 to 1

Responses are correct. answers are answers are
(40%) correct. correct.

Develop Shows 100% Shows 75% Shows only

Critical mastery mastery 50%
Thinking level of the level of the mastery
Skill lesson. lesson. level of the
(50%) lesson

Behavior Answer the Answer the Answer the

(10%) questions questions questions
with with with-out
confidence confidence confidence
and value but did not and not
honesty. value valuing
honesty. honesty.

TOTAL

References

Abuzo, Emmanuel P., Merden L. Bryant, Jem Boy B. Cabrella, Belen P. Caldez, et.al.
Mathematics – Grade 8 Learner’s Module. DepEd – IMCS. 2013.

MathBitsNotebook. “Tips for Preparing Congruent Triangle Proofs” Accessed

November 24, 2020. https://mathbitsnotebook.com

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 Development Team

Writer Reygie M. Marcelino

Palomoc National High School

Editor/QA: Ressme M. Bulay-og

Eugenio E. Balasabas
Mary Jane I. Yeban

Reviewer: Gina I. Lihao

EPS-Mathematics

Illustrator:
Layout Artist:
Management Evelyn F. Importante
Team: OIC-CID Chief EPS

Jerry c. Bokingkito
OIC-Assistant SDS

Aurelio A. Santisas
OIC- Assistant SDS

Jenelyn A. Aleman, CESO IV

OIC- Schools Division Superintendent

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