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MD2 Flywheels

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ROSE DIANE PILARES
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9 views3 pages

MD2 Flywheels

Uploaded by

ROSE DIANE PILARES
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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MACHINE DESIGN 2 Notes

Rose Diane
FLYWHEELS
Mean Speed
𝑁1+𝑁2
𝑁= 2
Mean Angular Speed
2π𝑁 ω1+ω2
ω= 60
= 2
Coefficient of Fluctuation of Speed
𝑁1−𝑁2 ω1−ω2 𝑣1−𝑣2 2(𝑁1−𝑁2) 2(ω1−ω2) 2(𝑣1−𝑣2)
𝐶𝑠 = 𝑁
= ω
= 𝑣
= 𝑁1+𝑁2
= ω1+ω2
= 𝑣1+𝑣2
Coefficient of Steadiness
1 𝑁 ω 𝑣
𝑚 = 𝐶 = 𝑁 −𝑁 = ω1−ω2
= 𝑣1−𝑣2
𝑠 1 2
Turning Moment Diagram

1. Turning Moment Diagram for SIngle Cylinder Double Acting Steam Engine

2. Turning Moment Diagram for a Four Stroke Internal Combustion Engine

3. Turning Moment Diagram for a Multi-Cylinder Engine

Coefficient of Fluctuation of Energy, 𝐶𝐸


∆𝐸
𝐶𝐸 = 𝑊𝑑𝑜𝑛𝑒/𝑐𝑦𝑐𝑙𝑒
Work Done/cycle
𝑊𝑑𝑜𝑛𝑒/𝑐𝑦𝑐𝑙𝑒 = 𝑇𝑚𝑒𝑎𝑛 𝑥 θ
Where θ = 2π, for steam engines and two stroke internal combustion engines
= 4π, for four stroke internal combustion engines

60𝑃
𝑊𝑑𝑜𝑛𝑒/𝑐𝑦𝑐𝑙𝑒 = 𝑛
Where 𝑛 = 𝑛𝑢𝑚𝑏𝑒𝑟 𝑜𝑓 𝑤𝑜𝑟𝑘𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑠𝑡𝑟𝑜𝑘𝑒𝑠 𝑝𝑒𝑟 𝑚𝑖𝑛𝑢𝑡𝑒
= 𝑁, for steam engines and two stroke internal combustion engines
= 𝑁/2, for four stroke internal combustion engines
Mean Torque
60𝑃 𝑃
𝑇𝑚𝑒𝑎𝑛 = 2π𝑁
= ω
π𝐷𝑁
𝑣= 60
ENERGY STORED
Mass Moment of Inertia
2
𝐼 = 𝑚𝑘
Kinetic Energy
1 2 1 2 1 2 2
𝐾𝐸 = 2
𝑚𝑣 = 2
𝐼ω = 2
𝑚𝑘 ω
Maximum Fluctuation of Energy
∆𝐸 = 𝐸1 − 𝐸2
∆𝐸 = 𝐼ω(ω1 − ω2)
2
∆𝐸 = 𝐼ω 𝐶𝑠
2 2
∆𝐸 = 𝑚𝑘 ω 𝐶𝑠
∆𝐸 = 2(𝐾𝐸)𝐶𝑠
2 2
∆𝐸 = 𝑚𝑅 ω 𝐶𝑠 , 𝑣 = ω𝑅
2
∆𝐸 = 𝑚𝑣 𝐶𝑠
PUNCHING A HOLE
Energy Required to Punch
1
𝐸1 = 2
𝐹𝑠𝑡
Energy Supplied by the Motor
θ2−θ1
𝐸2 = 𝐸1( 2π
)
Balance Energy
θ2−θ1 θ2−θ1 𝑡 𝑡
∆𝐸 = 𝐸1(1 − 2π
), 2π
= 2𝑠
= 4𝑟
𝑡
∆𝐸 = 𝐸1(1 − 2𝑠
)
𝑡
∆𝐸 = 𝐸1(1 − 4𝑟
)
Power Needed to Punch a Hole
𝐸𝑛𝑒𝑟𝑔𝑦
𝑃 = 𝑇𝑖𝑚𝑒
ℎ𝑜𝑙𝑒𝑠
𝑃 = 𝐸1( 𝑠𝑒𝑐 )
CONSTRUCTION OF FLYWHEEL
𝑚𝐹 = 𝑚𝑅 + 𝑚𝐴𝐻
2 2
𝑃 = 2ρ𝐴𝑅 ω
𝐹𝑡 = 2𝑃 = 2σ𝐴
Density
Cast iron = 7260 kg/m3
Cast steel = 7800 kg/m3
Mass of Flywheel
𝑚 = 𝑉ρ = 2π𝑅𝐴ρ = π𝐷𝐴ρ
Area of Rim
𝑏
𝐴 = 𝑏𝑡 , 𝑡
=2
STRESSES IN A FLYWHEEL RIM
1. Tensile stress due to centrifugal
2 2 2
σ𝑡 = ρ𝑅 ω = ρ𝑣
2. Tensile bending stress caused by the restraint of the arms
2 3
19.74 ρω 𝑅
σ𝑏 = 2
𝑛𝑡
STRESSES IN FLYWHEEL ARMS
1. Tensile stress due to centrifugal
3
σ𝑡𝑎 = 4 σ𝑡
2. Bending stress due to torque
𝑇 π 2
σ𝑏𝑎 = 𝑅𝑛𝑍 (𝑅 − 𝑟) ; 𝑍= 32
𝑏1(𝑎1)

DESIGN OF SHAFT, HUB AND KEY


𝑑𝑠
τ𝑚𝑎𝑥 = 𝐿𝑤τ( 2
)

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