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Question Bank

Uploaded by

ዳን ኤል
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
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Question Bank on Transmitters and Receivers, Noise and Pulse Modulation

AM Transmitters

1. What are the carrier frequency requirements in a radio transmitter? Explain


2. Draw the block diagram of AM transmitter using low level modulation. Explain the signifi-
cance of each block.
3. Draw a neat block diagram of an AM transmitter and explain each block.
4. Why feedback is used in the AM transmitter? Explain its uses. Discuss the effect of feedback
on the performance of AM.

AM Receivers:

1. Explain the Tuned Radio Frequency (TRF). List out the advantages and disadvantages of
TRF receivers.
2. What are the advantages of a superhetrodyne receiver as compared to a TRF receiver.
3. Draw the block diagrams of a superhetrodyne receiver and explain the function of each
block. With neat diagram, explain the general process of frequency changing in a super-
heterodyne receiver. What is the basic principle of super-heterodyne receiver?
4. Explain the principle of working of AGC in detail. Discuss the merits of delayed AGC as
compared with simple AGC.
5. Explain about image frequency and image frequency rejection of radio receiver. How is
image frequency rejection achieved?
6. Discuss the factors influencing the choice of Intermediate frequency for a radio receiver.
7. Explain the following terms
i) Sensitivity, ii) Selectivity iii) Image frequency and its rejection and iv) Fedility of a
superhetrodyne receiver.
9. In a broadcast super heterodyne receiver having an RF amplifier with Quality factor of the
antenna coupling circuit (at the input to the mixer) is 100. If the intermediate frequency is
455 kHz, calculate
i) The image frequency and its rejection ratio at 1000 kHz.
ii) The image frequency and its rejection ratio at 25 MHz.
10. What is tracking? What is the necessity of tracking in radio receivers? How is tracking
employed in super heterodyne receiver? Explain the three point tracking employed in radio
receiver.

FM Transmitters
1. Explain the working of the typical directly modulated FM transmitter with the help of neat
diagram.
2. Explain the concept of frequency stability in the FM transmitter.
3. Draw the reactance modulated FM transmitter and explain its operation.
4. a) With the neat block diagram explain phase modulated FM transmitter.
b) What is an AFC? Discuss with the help of block diagram.
FM Receivers:

1. Draw the block diagram of FM receiver and explain its working


2. Discuss the Threshold effect in FM demodulator.
3. Explain how frequency stability is achieved in FM transmitter.
4. Explain the need for pre-emphasis and de-emphasis in FM systems. How it is implemented
4. Explain the necessity for an amplitude limiter in an FM receiver.

Noise:

1. Find the input and output and signal to noise ratios for the coherent detector of DSB-SC
signal.
2. Explain the noise performance of SSB-SC receiver and prove its S/N ratio is unity.
3. Derive an expression for figure of merit for SSB-SC system.
4. Derive an expression for SNR at the output of envelope detector of a normal AM system.
5. Prove that the figure of merit of AM system for single tone modulation with 100%
modulation is 1/3.
6. Derive an expression for SNR at the output of FM demodulator in term of SNR at the
input
7. Prove that in an FM system, the output SNR, assuming sinusoidal modulation is given
S 3
by     2 , where  is modulation index for FM.
 N 0 2
8. What is threshold in FM? How pre-emphasis and de-emphasis are used to improve the
threshold? Discuss.

Pulse Modulation:

1. a) Explain the principle of PAM generation with a help of block diagram. Derive the
mathematical expressions.
b) With the help of circuit, explain the demodulation of PAM signals.
c) Distinguish between single polarity PAM and double polarity PAM.
2. Explain how PPM signals are generated. Draw the circuit of PPM demodulator and
explain the operation.
3. Explain the generation of PWM, with suitable circuit and waveforms. Describe the
demodulation of PWM.
4. Explain, how a PPM signal can be generated from PWM signal?
5. Plot the spectrum of PAM wave produced by the modulating signal m(t )  Am cos 2 f mt .
Assuming the modulating signal f m  0.25 Hz. Sampling period Ts  1 second and pulse
duration T  0.45 seconds.

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