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6 views

Ex52HOTS

Uploaded by

anoushka.16082007
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPS, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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This original learning content is created by

Uma for Altius Foundation

Altius Foundation permits you to use this content under Creative Commons license
HOTS
Example 1: A vertical stick 10 cm casts a shadow 8 cm long. At the same time, a tower casts
a shadow 30 m long. Find the height of the tower.
Solution:
A
Let us understand the given statements.
Length of the stick be DE = 10 cm
Length of the shadow of the stick EC = 8 cm Tower
h cm
Let the height of the tower AB = h cm. D
Length of the shadow of the tower BC = 30 m 10 cm
Note: Let us have the height of the tower Stick
in cm now and then convert into m C
B E 8 cm
Convert 30 m into cm 3000
30 cm
m
1 m = 100 cm BC = 3000 cm
∴ 30 m = 30 x 100 = 3000 cm
We can see two right triangles. AA Similarity criterion - If two angles of one
∠ABC = ∠DEC =
90° triangle are respectively equal to two angles
of another triangle, then the two triangles are
similar, because the third angle in both
In ∆ABC and ∆DEC, ∠ACB = ∠DCE = Common angle triangles must be equal.

Two angles of ∆ABC and two angles in ∆DEC are equal,


so by AA similarity the third angle must be equal in both triangles, ∠A = ∠D

Continued.
Continuation. We need to find the height(h) of the tower in cm first and then convert into
m.
Writing in symbolic form ∆ABC ∼DEC A
Recall, if three angles of one triangle are
respectively equal to three angles of another Tower
triangle, then their corresponding sides are
proportional (in the same ratio) h cm
37.5 cm D
∆ABC ∼DEC, the corresponding sides are
10 cm
proportional, by solving the ratios,
Stick
we can find the length of AB, i.e., C
AB BC B 3000 cm E 8 cm

Replace AB = h cm DE EC
DE = 10 cm ,BC = 3000 cm h 3000
EC = 8 cm

10 8 5
3000 10
h
8 4
15000
h ⇒ h = 3750 cm
4
Convert 3750 cm into m, 3750
divide by 100 since 1 m = 100 cm h ⇒ h = 37.5 m
100

Ans: Height of the tower = 37.5 m


Example 2: A boy of height 120 cm is walking away from the base of a lamp post at a
speed of 1.8 m/s. If the lamp post is 4.2 m above the ground.
Find the length of his shadow after 4 seconds.
Solution:
A
Let AB be the lamp post.
Height of AB from the ground = 4.2 m.
Let CD be the position of the boy after walking
4 seconds at 1.8 m/s away from the lamp post.
C
Given, height of the boy CD = 120 cm. 4.2 m
Let the length of the shadow be DE. 120 cm
1.2m
Convert 120 cm into m.
1 m = 100 cm CD = 1.2m B D E
∴ 120 cm = 120 ÷ 100 =1.2 m
7.2 m xm

BD will be the distance covered in 4 seconds at the speed of 1.8 m/s.


Recall, Distance = Speed x time
Replace Speed = 1.8 m/s BD = 1.8 x 4
Time = 4 sec
BD = 7.2 m
We need to find the length of shadow DE after 4 seconds.
Let us assume DE = x m

We get two right triangles, ∆ABC and ∆CDE Continued.


Continuation. In ∆ABC and ∆CDE, A
∠ABC = ∠CDE =
90°
∠AEB = ∠CED = Common angle
Two angles of ∆ABC and two angles in ∆DEC are C
equal, so by AA similarity, the third angle must 4.2 m
be equal in both triangles, ∠A = ∠C 1.2m
Writing in symbolic form ∆ABE ∼ CDE
B D E
Recall, if three angles of one triangle are respectively equal to 7.2 m 2.88
x m
three angles of another triangle, then their corresponding sides m
are proportional (in the same ratio) AA Similarity criterion - If two angles of
∆ABE ∼CDE, the corresponding sides are proportional, one triangle are respectively equal to two
angles of another triangle, then the two
by solving the ratios, we can find the length of DE, i.e.,
triangles are similar, because the third
Note: BE = BD + DE AB BE angle in both triangles must be equal.

∴ BE = 7.2 + x CD DE
Replace AB = 4.2m , CD = 1.2 m
4.2 7.2  x 3.5x – x = 7.2

BE = 7.2 + x ,DE = x m 1.2 x Divide both sides 2.88
2.5x = 7.2
7.2  x by 2.5
3 .5 
x 7.2 72
2.5 2.5
  2.88
3.5x = 7.2 + x 2.5 25 x = 2.88 m
DE = 2.88m
Ans: Length of the boy’s shadow after walking 4 seconds = 2.88 m
Try these

1. A vertical stick 30 m long casts a shadow 15 m long on the ground.


At the same time, a tower casts a shadow 75 m long on the ground.
Find the height of the tower (in meters).

2. A boy of 95 cm is walking away from the base of a lamp post at a speed of 1.5 m/s.
If the lamp post is 3.8 m above the ground, find the length of the shadow after 5 seconds.

Note: Do not go to the next slide till you finish these sums.
Answers

1. A vertical stick 30 m long casts a shadow 15 m long on the ground.


At the same time, a tower casts a shadow 75 m long on the ground.
Find the height of the tower (in meters).

Ans: Height of the tower = 150 m

2. A boy of 95 cm is walking away from the base of a lamp post at a speed of 1.5 m/s.
If the lamp post is 3.8 m above the ground, find the length of the shadow after 5 seconds.

Ans: Length of the shadow after 5 seconds = 2.5 m

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