NAME : AHMAD NUR FAJRIN
NIM : 2269010432
MORPHOLOGY(MIDTEST)
Buatlah definsi dari masing-masing materi yang telah dipresentasikan berdasarkan
kata-kata anda sendiri in English beserta contohnya.
1. Bulding blocks of language refer to the basic forms that can form a language.
ex : Phonem
morpheme
word
phrase
sentence
2. Words as types mean the kinds of words in the sentence
words as tokens mean the same word in the sentence
ex : The Beautiful cat chased the beautiful hamster
5 types
2 tokens of word "the"
2 tokens of word "beautiful”
3. words with predictable meaning are composed of morphemes whose individual meaning
combine to create the word's overall meaning ex: unplug (un + plug)
non- words with predictable meaning
is something that is clearly larger
than a word (being composed of two or more words)
ex : I caught red-handed
4. kinds of morphemes :
a.roots are the basic word
ex: Cat
b. affix is a morpheme that cam change the meaning
ex: Un-
c. combining forms are two words that create one word
ex: photo + graphy
5.Identifying morphemes independently of meaning: This involves recognizing morphemes
based solely on their form and position within words, regardless of whether their meaning is
transparent or not. This is crucial for analyzing words with opaque or irregular morphology.
6.Word and grammar: lexemes, word forms, and grammatical words:A lexeme is an abstract
unit representing a dictionary entry (e.g., the lexeme "run" encompasses "runs," "ran,"
"running"). A word form is a specific grammatical realization of a lexeme (e.g., "runs," "ran,"
"running" are different word forms of the lexeme "run"). *Grammatical words* are words
primarily functioning to indicate grammatical relationships, often with little lexical meaning
(e.g., articles, prepositions, conjunctions).
7.Forms of adjectives: Adjectives modify nouns and can take various forms, including
comparative (e.g., "bigger") and superlative (e.g., "biggest") forms, as well as different
inflections to agree with the nouns they modify (in some languages).
8.Forms of pronouns and determiners: Pronouns replace nouns (e.g., "he," "she," "it," "they")
and have different forms depending on their grammatical function (subject, object,
possessive). Determiners specify nouns (e.g., "the," "a," "this," "my") and also have
variations in form.
9.Forms of verbs:Verbs express actions or states of being and have various forms to
indicate tense (past, present, future), aspect (ongoing, completed), mood (indicative,
subjunctive), and voice (active, passive). They also often have inflectional changes to agree
with their subjects.
10.Adverbs derived from adjectives:Many adverbs are formed by adding "-ly" (or equivalent
suffixes in other languages) to the end of adjectives (e.g., "quick" becomes "quickly"). This
process shows a morphological relationship between adjectives and adverbs.
