Building Information Modeling

An Example of 4D/5D Modeling

Jinyue Zhang @ University of Toronto
Agenda
• From 3D to 4D/5D
• Available approaches
• An overview of VICO Office
• An Example and key steps

An Example of 4D/5D Modeling 1

4D/5D modeling/simulation
• 3D spatial model as the basis
• 4D (3D+time) to simulate the construction sequence for
– Construction planning
– Constructability analysis

• 5D (3D+time+cost) to simulate and manage the cost

along the construction schedule

An Example of 4D/5D Modeling 2

Approach
• 3D spatial model as the basis
– Our approach: Autodesk Revit Architecture 2022
– Other BIM options: ArchiCAD, Bentley Systems OBD
– Non-BIM options: AutoCAD, 3DS max

• 4D (3D+time) to simulate the construction sequence

– Third party options: Microsoft Projects, Primavera, ConsturctSim
by Common Point, etc.
– Built in options: Navisworks Timeliner, Vico Office, etc.

• 5D (3D+time+cost) to simulate and manage the cost

along the construction schedule
– Our approach: Navisworks Manage
– Alternatives: Vico Office, RIB iTwo, Gloden 5D BIM, etc.

An Example of 4D/5D Modeling 3

Autodesk Revit
• The most popular BIM tool on the market
• Began with architectural building model but becoming a
more versatile solution
– Energy analysis, construction scheduling and planning, etc.
• Many tutorial videos available online

An Example of 4D/5D Modeling 4

Revit getting started

An Example of 4D/5D Modeling 5

 Today’s project: a small house

2nd Floor
1st Floor

Perspective Rendering
An Example of 4D/5D Modeling 6
VICO Office
• Create the project virtually before build it in reality
– An accurate building model to drive estimating and construction
planning
• Organized in modules
– VO client
– Constructability manager
– Takeoff manager
– Cost planner
– Cost explorer
– Schedule planner
– LBS manager
– Production controller

An Example of 4D/5D Modeling 7

VO Modules: VO Client
• The core of the VICO construction-oriented environment
– Contain quantity extraction algorithm for various 3D BIM model
formats
– Store model information in VICO database: 3D geometry,
element, properties, etc.
• Publish 3D models from major BIM authoring tools via
add-on
– Autodesk Revit Architecture, Structure, and MEP
– Tekla Structures
– ArchiCAD
• Import 3D models from CADDuct, SketchUp, 3D DWG,
and IFC files
• Manage model versions
• Include a powerful reporting engine
An Example of 4D/5D Modeling 8
VO Modules: Constructability Manager
• 3D models published to and activated in VO
• Define clash detection settings
• Review and prioritize the clashes
• Cloud and annotate problems
• Escalate issues and assign
• Issue a RFI or report for review

An Example of 4D/5D Modeling 9

VO Modules: Takeoff Manager
• Extract location-based quantities from BIM models
• Filter and classify model-based quantities
• Create construction-oriented quantity takeoffs
• Generate quantity takeoff reports

An Example of 4D/5D Modeling 10

 VO Modules: Cost Planner
• Gradually plan the cost

With all this information, we can fully define the

construction information of a building column – how
it is constructed (the methods) and the cost of this
column (the resources).

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An Example of 4D/5D Modeling 11

VO Modules: Cost Planner
• Recipe = ∑Method, example: concrete beam
– Reinforcing = 1 method
– Concreting = 1 method
– Panel formwork = 1 method

• Method = ∑Resource, example: concreting

– Concreting Labour (workforce) = 1 resource
– Concrete (material) = 1 resource
– Oscillating agitator (equipment) = 1 resource

• Recipe could be from standard library or be created by

user
• No more recipes/methods/resources in VO, replaced by
assemblies and components

An Example of 4D/5D Modeling 12

VO Modules: Cost Planner
• Gradually plan the cost

An Example of 4D/5D Modeling 13

VO Modules: Cost Explorer
• See the budget as a three-dimensional model
• Compare two or three budget options side-by-side
• Determine the key cost drivers

An Example of 4D/5D Modeling 14

VO Modules: LBS Manager
• Define location structures for the BIM model
• Define alternate location structures as required by trade-specific work
sequences
• Calculate quantities per location

An Example of 4D/5D Modeling 15

VO Modules: Schedule Planner
• Define the resources and tasks associated with each piece of material
• Schedule tasks with dependencies
• Optimize the schedule with flowline view

An Example of 4D/5D Modeling 16

VO Modules: 4D Manager
• 4D simulation
• Parse the schedule into weekly job tasks for the subcontractors
• Organize work crews by location

An Example of 4D/5D Modeling 17

VO Modules: Production Controller
• Track work put-in-place
• Compare the scheduled plan to the actual on-site crew progress
• Perform what-if scenarios
• Design solutions to handle the problem

An Example of 4D/5D Modeling 18

VICO 5D BIM for dummies

An Example of 4D/5D Modeling 19