Processing

Multibeam Echosounder

1. PURPOSE

The objective of this document is to outline the methodology and responsibilities of personnel
involved in processing of multibeam data.

2. SCOPE
This procedure shall cover the processing sequence for multibeam echosounder data. There was
several software that has been utilised for multibeam data processing such as Qinsy (Survey
Manager and Validator), Qimera, FMGT, Global Mapper, Trimble Terramodel, Beamworx Autoclean,
Track Processing, Microsoft Excel.
Processing
Multibeam Echosounder
3. PROCEDURE

QIMERA SOFTWARE MULTIBEAM SURVEY PROCESSING

Processing
Multibeam Echosounder

FLOWCHART

PROCEDURE

1. Create Project Workspace

- Launch QPS Qimera and start by creating a new project.

2. Import Raw Sonar data

Processing
Multibeam Echosounder

- Add the raw sonar data files by clicking Add Files and selecting the .db file format.
Import the raw data, ensuring that the Auto Detect Vessel Configuration option is enabled.

- The multibeam survey dataset will be displayed in the Raw Sonar Files layer.

3. Apply Tide Data

- Tide data plays a crucial role in multibeam survey processing as it directly impacts the accuracy
of depth measurements. Tide corrections help adjust for the vertical movement of water,
ensuring that the final depth values are referenced to a consistent datum.

a) Creating Predicted Tide

Processing
Multibeam Echosounder
- Click on Tide Data Manager is located within the Survey Manager.

- Create a New Tide Definition File

- Rename the Tide Definition file and update the Station Name, Station ID, and Data Type fields.
Enter the Tidal Harmonic Constants values, then click Finish.

- Next, create a new Tide Data file.

Processing
Multibeam Echosounder

- Create the Tide Data file, ensuring the Data Type is set to Manual Data. Specify the Start Date
and End Date, with the interval time typically set to 10 minutes.

b) Using Observed Tide

- Open the tideinfo.txt file using Microsoft Excel.

Processing
Multibeam Echosounder
- Highlight Column A in Microsoft Excel, then go to Data > Text to Columns. Select Delimited,
then check both Tab and Comma as delimiters. Click Finish, and the data will be separated into
columns accordingly.

- Highlight all columns except for B, C, and Q, then delete them. This will leave only the columns
containing Date, Time, and Tide data in the tide data file.

- Import the tide file by clicking Source > Add Tide Files.
Processing
Multibeam Echosounder

- Add the station, rename it as needed, and select the appropriate tide type
(Predicted or Observed).

- Check the tide data by opening the Time Series Editor for the Tide Layer.
Processing
Multibeam Echosounder

4. Edit Processing Settings

- Right-click on the MBES Raw Sonar Data and select Edit Processing
Settings.

- This is the Processing Settings Editor window, where you can adjust the
parameter settings.

a) Sound Velocity

- The Sound Velocity Processing Settings Editor allows you to configure

the sound velocity profile used in the processing of multibeam sonar data.
Processing
Multibeam Echosounder

- This is the example of sound speed data, typically used in multibeam

processing. This table shows the depth in meters and the corresponding
sound speed in meters per second at various depths.

- For every raw sonar data file, the sound speed data typically needs to be
applied at each specific location and time of measurement. Here's an
example of how sound speed data might be structured for each raw sonar
data, considering different depth and time variations across a survey.
Processing
Multibeam Echosounder

- Go through each file to check for any discrepancies by using the Time Series
Editor. In the editor, review the sound speed data for consistency and
accuracy. If necessary, change the sound speed to Surface Sound Speed to
correct any issues or inconsistencies in the data.

Sound Velocity Data Spike

- To delete the spike in the data, select the icon for spike
removal, then click on the spike you want to delete. This will remove the
unwanted data point from the time series.
Processing
Multibeam Echosounder

- The selected data will be highlighted in red. To combine the line again after
removing the spike, click the icon to smooth the line and
restore the data continuity.

- The joined data will be highlighted in green. To complete the process, click on
the icon to finalize the changes, then click Save to apply
and save the adjustments.

b) Position, Motion, and Heading

- The Position, Motion, and Heading Settings Editor is used to configure

the parameters related to the positioning system, motion sensors, and
heading data during multibeam sonar processing. These settings ensure that
the raw sonar data is accurately referenced to the correct position,
orientation, and motion of the survey platform.

- Use the Tab Window to select and prioritize the data sources for Position,
Motion, and Heading.

o Position Source Priorities: This section defines the order of

importance for the positioning systems (e.g., GPS, DGPS, RTK GPS).

o Motion Source Priorities: This section determines the priority for

motion sensors (e.g., IMU or MRU) that provide roll, pitch, and heave
data.
Processing
Multibeam Echosounder
o Heading Source Priorities: This section allows the selection of the
preferred heading data source (e.g., gyrocompass, magnetometer).
The system with the highest priority is used to determine the vessel's
heading during the survey.

c) Vertical Referencing

- Vertical referencing refers to the process of adjusting depth measurements

so that they are referenced to a consistent vertical datum. This is essential for
ensuring that the depth data is accurate and comparable, regardless of the
varying tide conditions, water levels, or survey reference systems.

- Use this Tab Window to verify whether the tide data has been applied to the
MBES (Multibeam Echo Sounder) dataset.
Processing
Multibeam Echosounder

- This window allows users to check the status of tide corrections and confirm if
they have been successfully integrated into the raw multibeam data.

d) Blocking

- This window will be used to set the filters for processing the multibeam sonar
data. The Angle filter is applied to trim the outer beams of the data in order
to improve the overlap between the nearby survey lines. The setting required
to set for angle to -75° for the minimum and 63° for the maximum.
Processing
Multibeam Echosounder
- In addition, tick the boxes for Brightness Fail and Collinearity Fail to apply
filters. These settings are aimed to improve the quality the dataset by
focusing on reliable, well-overlapping data and also removing problematic
data.

- After the processing parameter setting has been configured, click Apply and
then select Yes to process all these change settings.

5. Vessel Configuration

- Vessel configuration need to check all vessel offset, patch test values that has
been configured during acquisition and uncertainty settings. In order to
ensure the accurate positioning, double check the vessel offsets, patch test
values, and uncertainty settings that have been configured during acquisition
process.

- Right click on MBES data set in the project and then select Edit Vessel
Configuration.

- This is the MBES Starboard Transducer offset values that need to be

verified after updated the Patch Test Calibration and Verification Survey.
Processing
Multibeam Echosounder
The Roll (°), Pitch (°), Heading (°) value must adjusted to reflect the results of
the calibration survey.

6. Create Dynamic Surface

- Dynamic Surface refers to the real-time application of surface models that

have been updated dynamically as the new data is processed.

- Choose Raw Sonar file > Dynamic Surface > Create Dynamic Surface >
Assign name and the size of the cell. Assign the name of the dynamic surface
and bin size is 1 meter.
Processing
Multibeam Echosounder

- Dynamic Surface result:

7. Wobble Analysis Tool

- The Wobble Analysis Tool inside Qimera allows you to dynamically adjust
the echosounder and/or motion sensor configuration in a trial and-error
method to isolate causes of integration errors resulting in so-called "wobbles"
in the sounding footprint results.

- Highlight all the Raw Sonar Data, then navigate the Tools and click the
Wobble Analysis Tool. This enable the adjustments to be made and the
changing effects to observed in real-time which help to correct wobbles and
inaccuracies.
Processing
Multibeam Echosounder

- On the Wobble Analysis Control dock, change the setting for Along Track (-
8.000 m) and Across Track (-4.000 m). Edit the Range for the setting from -
10.000 m until 10.000 m.

- This will allow for the analysis of potential wobbles along both track and
across track.

- Click Save and Apply the wobble analysis value, Select All > Save.
Processing
Multibeam Echosounder

8. Cleaning Data

- For cleaning data, filtering includes 5 preset spline filter profiles, ranging from
very weak to very strong. The Very Strong Spline preset is much more
aggressive in removing soundings.

- The Swath Editor and Slice Editor can be used. Both of these editors can
assist us to identify the and remove the noise and outliers.

a) Filtering

- Highlight the Raw Sonar data then Right Click and select Run Sounding
Filters on Files. Choose the Filter Profile into Very Strong Spline and set
the filter to Area. The filter helps to remove the noise until there is no
obvious noise/spike on the data.
Processing
Multibeam Echosounder

b) Swath Editor

- The first option that can be used is Swath Editor. This tool can modify
soundings straight from a particular processed raw sonar file using the Swath
Editor.

- Any related Dynamic Surface will be automatically updated by the saved

edits after editing is finished. Choose a processed raw sonar file from the
project to begin.

- The noise can still appear after the filtering; however, we can still remove it
using swath editor.

- To use the Swath Editor, highlight the line and then Click Tools > Launch
Swath Editor.
Processing
Multibeam Echosounder

- To start cleaning the data, click this icon to select the data
and delete the noise/spike. The selected data will be highlighted in red
indicated that it has been marked for removal.

Noise Data

- Go through every slice of the dataset until every swath is clean from
noise/spike.

c) Slice Editor
Processing
Multibeam Echosounder
- The second option that can be used is Slice Editor. The Slice Editor allows
for editing the soundings of the surface in a 2D projected widget.

- The Slice Editor uses any of the area selection modes but is primarily used
with the Fixed Slice Select or Free Slice Select.

- Click the Scroll Slice Select or Rectangular Select to select the

area.

Noise Data
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Multibeam Echosounder

- Click this icon and remove the unwanted noise or spike on

the selected area. The selected data will be highlighted in red colour for
deletion.

- The data has been cleaned will appear as below image.

Processing
Multibeam Echosounder

Noise Data

9. Dynamic Surface Shifting (Vertical Shifting)

- This step involves the adjustment and refinement of seafloor or surface

models derived from sonar data to account for various factors that can
influence data accuracy.

- This refinement process is crucial in hydrographic surveys, underwater

mapping, and other geospatial analyses because it helps to produce high-
quality, reliable models for navigation, environmental monitoring, and other
applications.

a) Static Vertical Shift

- Create the dynamic surface for each line before perform the static shift tool.
This tool will compute a static (constant) vertical shift between two surfaces.
Processing
Multibeam Echosounder
- This tool computes an average vertical offset between two surfaces using the
statistical data generated by a traditional surface difference, but only using
one value for the whole surface. Click Tools > Dynamic Surface Shifts > Static
Vertical Shift Tool.

- Choose the dynamic surface to shift and reference surface and then click on
“Calculate Optimal Shift” to get the average vertical shift value to apply. Click
on Save Shift.
Processing
Multibeam Echosounder

- To check whether the value has been applied is through Processing

Settings Editor and go to Shifts. Then select Review Shifts to verify the
applied values and to ensure that all necessary adjustments have been
correctly implemented.

b) Varying Shift

- Create the dynamic surface for each line before perform the static shift tool.
This tool will compute a continuously varying vertical shift between two
surfaces.

- This tool computes a time-varying vertical offset between two surfaces using
the statistical data generated by a traditional surface difference.

- Click Tools > Dynamic Surface Shifts > Static Vertical Shift Tool.
Processing
Multibeam Echosounder

- Choose the dynamic surface to shift and reference surface and then click on
“Calculate Varying Shift” to get the varying vertical shift value to apply. Click
on Save Shift.

10. Generate THU/TVU

- Both THU and TVU were used to quantify the uncertainties in vertical
measurements, helping to ensure the processed data follows the require
standards for accuracy and reliability.

- This process will create two static surfaces; one for THU and another for TVU.
The units are the same as the THU and TVU of a beam, project units (ft/m)
scaled to 95% confidence interval.
Processing
Multibeam Echosounder
- To import the finalize data in QPD format, click on the Source tab and select
Add Processed Point File.

- Click on ‘Add Files’ > Navigate to the DTM folder in the Qimera Project >
Select the QPD files.

- This is the QPD files that have been added.

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Multibeam Echosounder

- Compile all line into one dynamic surface. After Finish, the THU and TVU layer
will be created. Click Dynamic Surface > Create THU and TVU Layers.

- After finish processing, it will automatically create another surface in Sd

Object. It will create two file which is one for THU and one for TVU.
Processing
Multibeam Echosounder

11. Export Floating Image

- To export the Geotiff image of the area that also have the Z value, click on
the Export tab > click Dynamic Surface > click Export to Surface.

- Select the ‘Export Floating Point GeoTIFF Grid’. Named the file and Click
‘Save’.
Processing
Multibeam Echosounder

- The image can be viewed by using Global Mapper. Cross check the water
depth, geodetic projection.
Processing
Multibeam Echosounder
QIMERA SOFTWARE PATCH TEST CALIBRATION PROCESSING

1. Create Project Workspace

- Launch QPS Qimera and start by creating a new project.

Processing
Multibeam Echosounder
2. Import Raw Sonar data

- Add the raw sonar data files by clicking Add Files and selecting the .db file format.
Import the raw data, ensuring that the Auto Detect Vessel Configuration option is enabled.

- The multibeam survey dataset will be displayed in the Raw Sonar Files layer.
Processing
Multibeam Echosounder
3. Apply Tide Data

- Tide data plays a crucial role in multibeam survey processing as it directly impacts the accuracy
of depth measurements. Tide corrections help adjust for the vertical movement of water,
ensuring that the final depth values are referenced to a consistent datum.

c) Creating Predicted Tide

- Click on Tide Data Manager is located within the Survey Manager.

- Create a New Tide Definition File

- Rename the Tide Definition file and update the Station Name, Station ID, and Data Type fields.
Enter the Tidal Harmonic Constants values, then click Finish.
Processing
Multibeam Echosounder

- Next, create a new Tide Data file.

- Create the Tide Data file, ensuring the Data Type is set to Manual Data. Specify the Start Date
and End Date, with the interval time typically set to 10 minutes.
Processing
Multibeam Echosounder

d) Using Observed Tide

- Open the tideinfo.txt file using Microsoft Excel.

- Highlight Column A in Microsoft Excel, then go to Data > Text to Columns. Select Delimited,
then check both Tab and Comma as delimiters. Click Finish, and the data will be separated into
columns accordingly.
Processing
Multibeam Echosounder

- Highlight all columns except for B, C, and Q, then delete them. This will leave only the columns
containing Date, Time, and Tide data in the tide data file.

- Import the tide file by clicking Source > Add Tide Files.
Processing
Multibeam Echosounder
- Add the station, rename it as needed, and select the appropriate tide type (Predicted or
Observed).

- Check the tide data by opening the Time Series Editor for the Tide Layer.

4. Edit Processing Settings

- Right-click on the MBES Raw Sonar Data and select Edit Processing Settings.
Processing
Multibeam Echosounder

- This is the Processing Settings Editor window, where you can adjust the parameter settings.

a) Sound Velocity

- The Sound Velocity Processing Settings Editor allows you to configure the sound velocity profile
used in the processing of multibeam sonar data.
Processing
Multibeam Echosounder

- This is the example of sound speed data, typically used in multibeam

processing. This table shows the depth in meters and the corresponding
sound speed in meters per second at various depths.
Processing
Multibeam Echosounder
- For every raw sonar data file, the sound speed data typically needs to be
applied at each specific location and time of measurement. Here's an
example of how sound speed data might be structured for each raw sonar
data, considering different depth and time variations across a survey.

- Go through each file to check for any discrepancies by using the Time Series
Editor. In the editor, review the sound speed data for consistency and
accuracy. If necessary, change the sound speed to Surface Sound Speed to
correct any issues or inconsistencies in the data.

Sound Velocity Data Spike

Processing
Multibeam Echosounder
- To delete the spike in the data, select the icon for spike
removal, then click on the spike you want to delete. This will remove the
unwanted data point from the time series.

- The selected data will be highlighted in red. To combine the line again after
removing the spike, click the icon to smooth the line and
restore the data continuity.

- The joined data will be highlighted in green. To complete the process, click on
the icon to finalize the changes, then click Save to apply
and save the adjustments.

b) Position, Motion, and Heading

- The Position, Motion, and Heading Settings Editor is used to configure

the parameters related to the positioning system, motion sensors, and
heading data during multibeam sonar processing. These settings ensure that
Processing
Multibeam Echosounder
the raw sonar data is accurately referenced to the correct position,
orientation, and motion of the survey platform.

- Use the Tab Window to select and prioritize the data sources for Position,
Motion, and Heading.

o Position Source Priorities: This section defines the order of

importance for the positioning systems (e.g., GPS, DGPS, RTK GPS).

o Motion Source Priorities: This section determines the priority for

motion sensors (e.g., IMU or MRU) that provide roll, pitch, and heave
data.

o Heading Source Priorities: This section allows the selection of the

preferred heading data source (e.g., gyrocompass, magnetometer).
The system with the highest priority is used to determine the vessel's
heading during the survey.

c) Vertical Referencing
Processing
Multibeam Echosounder
- Vertical referencing refers to the process of adjusting depth measurements
so that they are referenced to a consistent vertical datum. This is essential for
ensuring that the depth data is accurate and comparable, regardless of the
varying tide conditions, water levels, or survey reference systems.

- Use this Tab Window to verify whether the tide data has been applied to the
MBES (Multibeam Echo Sounder) dataset.

- This window allows users to check the status of tide corrections and confirm if
they have been successfully integrated into the raw multibeam data.

d) Blocking

- This window will be used to set the filters for processing the multibeam sonar data. The Angle
filter is applied to trim the outer beams of the data in order to improve the overlap between the
nearby survey lines. The setting required to set for angle to -75° for the minimum and 63° for the
maximum.
Processing
Multibeam Echosounder

- In addition, tick the boxes for Brightness Fail and Collinearity Fail to apply filters. These settings
are aimed to improve the quality the dataset by focusing on reliable, well-overlapping data and
also removing problematic data.

- After the processing parameter setting has been configured, click Apply and then select Yes to
process all these change settings.

5. Create Dynamic Surface

- Dynamic Surface refers to the real-time application of surface models that have been updated
dynamically as the new data is processed.
Processing
Multibeam Echosounder
- Choose Raw Sonar file > Dynamic Surface > Create Dynamic Surface > Assign name and the size
of the cell. Assign the name of the dynamic surface and bin size is 1 meter.

- Dynamic Surface result:

6. Wobble Analysis Tool

- The Wobble Analysis Tool inside Qimera allows you to dynamically adjust the echosounder
and/or motion sensor configuration in a trial and-error method to isolate causes of integration
errors resulting in so-called "wobbles" in the sounding footprint results.
Processing
Multibeam Echosounder
- Highlight all the Raw Sonar Data, then navigate the Tools and click the Wobble Analysis Tool.
This enable the adjustments to be made and the changing effects to observed in real-time which
help to correct wobbles and inaccuracies.

- On the Wobble Analysis Control dock, change the setting for Along Track (-8.000 m) and Across
Track (-4.000 m). Edit the Range for the setting from -10.000 m until 10.000 m.

- This will allow for the analysis of potential wobbles along both track and across track.

- Click Save and Apply the wobble analysis value, Select All > Save.
Processing
Multibeam Echosounder

7. Patch Test Tool

- Patch test operations are done using the prioritized position and motion system.

- In order establish angular offsets or position latency for secondary systems, must re-prioritize
these as the primary sensor for the patch test Raw Sonar Files using the Processing Settings
dialog and then run the patch test session again.

- This will not overwrite the offsets established for the original primary sensors.

- This will be the Patch Test Control Window. The selection area for the plot test is automatically
configured on start-up. It will also automatically change when you select one of the
precomputed Manual Selection Sets contains the Roll, Pitch, and Heading.
Processing
Multibeam Echosounder

- Click on the icon to launch the auto-solve routine. And then to save the calibration, click
the icon once satisfied with the calibration.

- Sometimes, the Auto Solve calibration still has the gap for both lines selected. To solve this gap
problem, use the slider on the Patch Test Control Window until there is no
gap.

- After the adjustment result:

Processing
Multibeam Echosounder

- Repeat the step above for every offsets. Then, the cumulative offsets value can be viewed inside
this Patch Test Control Window.

- Save the Patch Test and apply offsets for all the line data. Click Auto Process after Save and Exit
the Patch Test.
Processing
Multibeam Echosounder

8. Vessel Configuration

- Vessel configuration need to check all vessel offset, patch test values that has been configured
during acquisition and uncertainty settings. In order to ensure the accurate positioning, double
check the vessel offsets, patch test values, and uncertainty settings that have been configured
during acquisition process.

- Right click on MBES data set in the project and then select Edit Vessel Configuration.

- This is the MBES Starboard Transducer offset values that need to be verified after updated the
Patch Test Calibration and Verification Survey. The Roll (°), Pitch (°), Heading (°) value must
adjusted to reflect the results of the calibration survey.
Processing
Multibeam Echosounder

9. Cleaning Data

- For cleaning data, filtering includes 5 preset spline filter profiles, ranging from very weak to very
strong. The Very Strong Spline preset is much more aggressive in removing soundings.

- The Swath Editor and Slice Editor can be used. Both of these editors can assist us to identify the
and remove the noise and outliers.

a) Filtering

- Highlight the Raw Sonar data then Right Click and select Run Sounding Filters on Files. Choose
the Filter Profile into Very Strong Spline and set the filter to Area. The filter helps to remove the
noise until there is no obvious noise/spike on the data.

b) Swath Editor

- The first option that can be used is Swath Editor. This tool can modify soundings straight from a
particular processed raw sonar file using the Swath Editor.
Processing
Multibeam Echosounder
- Any related Dynamic Surface will be automatically updated by the saved edits after editing is
finished. Choose a processed raw sonar file from the project to begin.

- The noise can still appear after the filtering; however, we can still remove it using swath editor.

- To use the Swath Editor, highlight the line and then Click Tools > Launch Swath Editor.

- To start cleaning the data, click this icon to select the data and delete the
noise/spike. The selected data will be highlighted in red indicated that it has been marked for
removal.

Noise Data

- Go through every slice of the dataset until every swath is clean from noise/spike.

c) Slice Editor

- The second option that can be used is Slice Editor. The Slice Editor allows for editing the
soundings of the surface in a 2D projected widget.

- The Slice Editor uses any of the area selection modes but is primarily used with the Fixed Slice
Select or Free Slice Select.
Processing
Multibeam Echosounder
- Click the Scroll Slice Select or Rectangular Select to select the area.

Noise Data

- Click this icon and remove the unwanted noise or spike on the selected area. The
selected data will be highlighted in red colour for deletion.
Processing
Multibeam Echosounder

- The data has been cleaned will appear as below image.

Noise Data

10. Dynamic Surface Shifting (Vertical Shifting)

- This step involves the adjustment and refinement of seafloor or surface models derived from
sonar data to account for various factors that can influence data accuracy.
Processing
Multibeam Echosounder
- This refinement process is crucial in hydrographic surveys, underwater mapping, and other
geospatial analyses because it helps to produce high-quality, reliable models for navigation,
environmental monitoring, and other applications.

c) Static Vertical Shift

- Create the dynamic surface for each line before perform the static shift tool. This tool will
compute a static (constant) vertical shift between two surfaces.

- This tool computes an average vertical offset between two surfaces using the statistical data
generated by a traditional surface difference, but only using one value for the whole surface.
Click Tools > Dynamic Surface Shifts > Static Vertical Shift Tool.

- Choose the dynamic surface to shift and reference surface and then click on “Calculate Optimal
Shift” to get the average vertical shift value to apply. Click on Save Shift.
Processing
Multibeam Echosounder

- To check whether the value has been applied is through Processing Settings Editor and go to
Shifts. Then select Review Shifts to verify the applied values and to ensure that all necessary
adjustments have been correctly implemented.

d) Varying Shift

- Create the dynamic surface for each line before perform the static shift tool. This tool will
compute a continuously varying vertical shift between two surfaces.
Processing
Multibeam Echosounder
- This tool computes a time-varying vertical offset between two surfaces using the statistical data
generated by a traditional surface difference.

- Click Tools > Dynamic Surface Shifts > Static Vertical Shift Tool.

- Choose the dynamic surface to shift and reference surface and then click on “Calculate Varying
Shift” to get the varying vertical shift value to apply. Click on Save Shift.

11. Export Floating Image

- To export the Geotiff image of the area that also have the Z value, click on the Export tab > click
Dynamic Surface > click Export to Surface.
Processing
Multibeam Echosounder

- Select the ‘Export Floating Point GeoTIFF Grid’. Named the file and Click ‘Save’.

- The result for the Multibeam Patch Test Calibration Before and After alignment error.

BEFORE
Processing
Multibeam Echosounder

AFTER
Processing
Multibeam Echosounder
FLOWCHART

PROCEDURE

1. Create Project Workspace

- Open FMGT Software and create a new project

Processing
Multibeam Echosounder
2. Merged the Qinsy .db and QPD Files

a) By Source/Paired Files
- Click Add the Sonar Pairs or Add Source/Pair

- Add the QINSY .db file inside the project.

Processing
Multibeam Echosounder
- Add the processed QINSY .QPD file from QIMERA that have already clean, apply tide, true heave
and patch test value inside the project

- Tick on the Dual Head Mode and Pair MBES system between QPD and Snippet system.
Processing
Multibeam Echosounder
- Make that the Settings remain Default.

- Then, import the Processing and merge it into GSF files.

- Then, the GSF files merged successfully.

Processing
Multibeam Echosounder
- This is the result of all GSF import.

b) By Source Files

- Click on the Source Files and Sonar Files.

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Multibeam Echosounder
- Configure the Coordinate Reference System using FG_WGS_84 and Local Vertical Unit:
FD_Undefined.

- The file will be extracted into the project workspace.

- This is the result of all imported GSF files.

Processing
Multibeam Echosounder
3. Parameter Setup for Processing and Mosaic Parameters

- Set up the resolution into 0.25 meter.

- Backscatter Source: Beam Time Series

- Inside the Mosaic Parameters, Line Blending must be 50%, Mosaicing Style must be No Nadir if
Possible 25%, Filter type into dB Mean
Processing
Multibeam Echosounder
- Inside the Processing Parameters, firstly the Adjust parameters are as picture below.

- Secondly, the Filter Parameters are as picture below.

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Multibeam Echosounder
- Thirdly, the Navigation parameters must Use adjacent lines within the window of: 5.0 are as
picture below.

- Lastly, the Format parameters are as picture below.

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Multibeam Echosounder
4. Build Mosaic

- Click on Processing > Build Mosaic from the Sonar file.

- The backscatter will be processing

- This is the completed backscatter mosaic

Processing
Multibeam Echosounder
5. Patch Analyzer

- The patch analyzer menu option opens the Angle vs Range figure. One of example ARA analysis
on survey area
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Multibeam Echosounder
6. Line Backscatter Adjustment

- This menu option use to offset the processed dB value for the currently selected line. This menu
use, if there is a line where the overall brightness level is different from the surrounding lines.
The offset is stored for further use in generation of future mosaics.

- Select check-in area in mosaic.

- Click Tools > Line Backscatter Adjustment

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Before After

7. Exporting Mosaic to Floating GeoTIFF

- Right click on the Mosaic > Export > One Merged Floating Point GeoTIFF.
Processing
Multibeam Echosounder
- Export the Mosaic Tiles.

- Completed Export GeoTIFF with attribute (x,y,Intensity).

8. Tiling in Global Mapper

- In this project, tiles were created with dimension (2,5 x 2,5) km to fulfill deliverables
requirement to have GeoTIFF image size below 500MB.
- Open Global Mapper and import Backscatter Floating GeoTIFF file.
Processing
Multibeam Echosounder

- Load Tiles in Shapefile format

Processing
Multibeam Echosounder
- Load Backscatter Data with tiles

Highlight the tiles by right click Tiles (Shapefile) layer > Select – Select All Features in Selected

- Layer(s) with Digitizer Tool

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Multibeam Echosounder
- Export by right click the tiles > Layer > EXPORT – Export Layer(s) to New File

- Check All the layer / data

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Multibeam Echosounder
- Select Export Format > GeoTIFF

GeoTIFF Export Options

File Type: 8-bit Palette Image

Bin Size: 0.25m

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Multibeam Echosounder
- Tick “Use Selected Area Feature(s) for Tiles

- Select Grid Cell Naming > Choose NAME

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Multibeam Echosounder
- Choose “No” for this option

- Finish tiling > GeoTIFF images will be created refer to Tiles Name
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Multibeam Echosounder
9. Import in ArcGIS

- For floating point geotiff have to input manually for the high and low intensity values.

Refer to backscatter
processing parameter

- Final data deliverable in ArcGIS for one tile