SECTION 2: WORD FORMATION

PRACTICE TEST 1
1. Democracy died after a period of _(cease) wars, imperial expansion abroad, and the rise of
demagoguery at home.
2. The consequences of (compel) gambling are comparable to those of any other addictive disease
and are not simply those of financial loss.
3. The prison service has the twin goals of punishment and (habit).
4. The first (conceive) is that legal study at university is exclusively for students who intend
becoming solicitors or advocates.
5. Too late, she remembered the (settle) effect such comments would have on Johnny.
6. Some economists are now predicting the danger of (run) inflation.
7. The (narrate) in this book plays second fiddle to the excellent photographs.
8. They were now faced with seemingly (mount) technical problems.
9. When you come down on him too hard, you may only intensify his own (critic)
10. Your speech should not have been (lace) with these facts beside the point.
11. Their views lie outside the (stream) of current medical opinion.
12. The teachers are fair and avoid (favour) and scapegoating.
13. She has become (mesh) in a tangle of drugs and petty crime.
14. Do not set your goals too high or else you will always be failing and there is nothing more
(moral)
15. The demise of the industry has caused (tell) misery to thousands of hard-working tradesmen.
16. Attracting the banks are the (surge) economy and reforms that have opened up industries to
foreign capital.
17. The ordinary reader is impressed by the tone and manner of publication, and the words chosen to
(head) a story.
18. At all events, it was this group of the (possess) that gave the first successful impetus to the
Revolution.
19. (prey) pricing by large supermarkets was threatening the livelihood of smaller businesses.
20. He is a (voice) critic of the president's stance on abortion.
21. She made several (par) remarks about the manager she dislikes.
22. As women we tend to be (face) and make light of what we have achieved.
23. GEW lamp dimming promise uptime at least 1500 hours, raised productivity and reduces (time)
24. Would you mind if I took one of the pictures as a (keep)?
25. Mania usually alternates with depression, to form a (pole) disorder.
26. This was too wide a (hole) for the tax planners: no wonder inheritance tax is called a voluntary tax.
27. The teacher said that he found it difficult to cope with a class of (affect) teenagers.
28. He is (fail) polite and tries desperately to understand other people's views.
29. The court (turn) that decision on the grounds that the Prosecution had withheld crucial evidence.
30. Some of these statements are misleading and some downright (amend)
31. The state (fast) refused to settle this matter at any time.
32. What is illustrated by these photographs is as much the culture of shamelessness as the reigning admiration
for (apology) brutality.
33. The judge found that in her case there were (mitigate) circumstances.
34. He impressed his audience by the (profound) of his knowledge.
35. The causes of social (stress) include inadequate housing.
36. He was in the (envy) position of having to choose between imprisonment or exile.
37. He was (capacity) by old age and sickness.
38. The bank is _ (solve) and will be unable to live up to its obligations.
39. Natalie considered herself very (virtue) because she neither drank nor smoked.
40. Their refusal to (tail) spending plans and to increase the burden on poll tax payers is expected.
41. Rather than a benevolent "socialist" super power China, whose population is made up over 90% Han
Chinese, will (stride) the world as a racially homogeneous, and communalistic "Middle Kingdom”.

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42. Broadly speaking, on-line shopping experiences can be categorized into two distinct dimensions:
(use) and hedonic value.
43. It encouraged experimenters to propose (beat) or novel approaches to problems.
44. It's a bustling (eat) where the fishy fare is served in cones of butcher's paper.
45. Several spoke out against the harshly (right) tone of the original motion.
46. Elections are essential for the (sustain) of parliamentary democracy.
47. (similar) is consequently difficult, particularly as the minority groups experience
considerable hostility.
48. Growth and _ (mature) of vascular plants are often controlled by light, usually in conjunction with
temperature.
49. The practice of meditation and (temple) is life-long, reflecting this daily process of repentance
and change at heart.
50. The new policy only serves to (accent) the inadequacy of provision for the homeless.
51. Pressure was applied with cool precision: women had discovered that to (step) male dominance
was to avoid destructive rage.
52. I found your book absolutely (thrall)!
53. Listen to both sides and you will be (light), heed only one side and you will be (night).
54. Bertha, exaggerating the seriousness of the affair, thought it (charlatan) to undertake a post
without knowledge and without capacity
55. I write this down (verb), for much the same reason I took notes in college.
56. She came to the party wearing a(n) (land) costume and blond wig.
57. Opposition leaders said they would try to stage nationwide protests, but previous opposition rallies have met
only (warm) support.
58. She gave me some friendly advice without a trace of (descend)
59. It's that (patron) tone of hers that I can't bear.
60. And then, to the audience's (mystic), the band suddenly stopped playing.
61. The (conspire) of the assissination of the president was brought to light in time.
62. The report is critical of attempts by (official) to deal with the problem of homelessness.
63. The system of counties was essential to Frankish government, and a count could wield considerable power,
particularly in (far) regions.
64. Jaubert had been a reasonable man to work for, had never asked her to do anything illegal or
(taste)
65. Darwin's theory of evolution was a(n) (shed) dividing the old way of thinking from the new.
68. For twenty-five years he (pain) amassed evidence to support his hypothesis.
69. He felt out of place, a(n) (conform) in a society where conformity was highly prized.
70. She unveiled the picture with a(n) (ceremony) gesture.
71. Travellers may be _ (inquire) about the world, but they also travel to make discoveries about
themselves.
72. Both Hathor and her potential victims became (exceed) drunk and merry, so she failed at her task.
73. Operation Rescue was an organization notorious for its _ (front) tactics and its implacable
opposition to abortion under all circumstances.
74. A(n) (face) approach to sustainable construction is required for use by policy - makers,
practitioners and civil society.
75. Wage control is the (corner) of the government's economic policy.
76. She's (fail) cheerful no matter what the circumstances.
77. Instead of just (moan) your fate, why not do something to change it?
78. For users, they are still expensive (add) features and come with their own set of integration problems.
79. Foreign observers also accused the authorities of widespread (practice)
80. (type) images of women are used to legitimise male dominance.
81. It will (legal) sex - far from helping girls resist pressure, it will help boys bully girls into sex.
82. Mongolia, although poor, has considerable (tap) resources of oil and minerals.
83. Towards the end of the (infant) period the child is becoming more perspicacious.

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84. It would be _ (ingenuity) on our part to pretend ignorance of our book's impact, both in sales and
controversy.
85. I think I must have known (conscience) that something was going on between them.
86. If evolution has (wire) into us a belief that there are objective moral obligations, then we will
believe that there are
87. You want clothes that are stylish as well as practical, versatile, (task) and low maintenance.
88. His failures _ (line) the difference between theatre and film direction.
89. In other words, subcultural cleavage has attenuated and cultural (homogeneous) has extended
from structural orientation into policy orientation.
90. As the inspector and others came in, she regarded them (disdain), seemingly unconcerned about
her capture.
91. The concert hall itself reminds one (play) of reproduction art deco and is also acoustically first-
class and adaptable.
92. She didn't want to confront the (escape) fact that she would have to sell the house.
93. He made a fortune buying (run) houses and fixing them up to sell.
94. Business schools, who currently dominate entrepreneurship teaching and research,
(compartment) knowledge into functional boxes.
95. Idealism was deeply_ (credit) by the failure to prevent the outbreak of the Second World War
96. We will reform principal local councils into a(n) (unit) system based on natural communities and
the wishes of local people.
97. Since (regulate), banks are permitted to set their own interest rates.
98. These years witnessed the (integrate) and destruction of the English peasantry.
99. This was really a(n) _ thought, and I reproved myself often for the simplicity of it. (whim)
100. There seems to be a(n ) (satisfy) demand for more powerful computers

PRACTICE TEST 2
1. A portion of the proceeds will be . for providing school fees for poor children for the coming
academic year. (mark)
2. The administration ropes in all educational institutions, government offices, public sector and
universities for the purpose of mobilising funds. (take)
3. Contraception is less or affordable in South America. (cure)
4. Both toxic and potentials are properties of all drugs. (cure)
5. While learning has changed for students in this new century, we are by the boundless opportunity
presented in our lifetime. (bold)
6. It does not become an economic but it does become a „newly industrialized country‟, like
Malaysia, Taiwan and South Korea. (power)
7. We believe that the most effective enforcement tool is self-policing and (strain).
8. It is possible to humanely raise and slaughter a variety of food animals, poultry and beef
including cattle. (range)
9. Most of this feature includes behind-the-scenes video of the crew working and goofing off. (foot)
10. Together they forged a(n) intellectual climate that has profoundly shaped my career. (vigour)
11. We will investigate the tradeoffs among data , data hiding capacity, and probabilities of extraction
errors in different applications. (perceive)
12. This is a(n) _ thriller that promises to deliver. (page)
13. Death, from this perspective, seems unproblematically universal, a simple, irreducible fact of our nature,
the same across all societies and throughout time (yield)
14. Of course there is a(n) between such advantages of large cells and the disadvantages of slower
cell multiplication. (trade)
15. Today we look at claims that in Queensland, the regime that looks after the most vulnerable people, the
infirm elderly, and adults, is failing. (capacity)

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16. Scholars have tried to make a case for , competitiveness, and selfishness as innate human trait.
(acquire)
17. The judge ruled that Newman's comments were not a(n) offense. (act)
18. She was a very selfish, bad-tempered little girl. (agree)
19. Before creating this sculpture, she studied all the masterpieces of classical _ (antique)
20. He claims that the laws are and have no contemporary relevance. (antique)
21. I fretted and sweated as they stalked in and stared around with that , accusatory look of all cops
everywhere. (approve)
22. A good teacher can encourage creativity. (art)
23. She's and knows how to get round her parents. (art)
24. Most or totalitarian regimes are nonconstitutional. (authority)
25. One encouraging feature of period-instrument performances in recent decades has been a growing concern
with reliable and editions. (authority)
26. It is essential that there is a(n) (author) use of the confidential information.
27. He thought back to the days of his childhood. (care)
28. They gave him a(n) _ assurance that he would not be hurt.(category)
29. They are taking measures to safeguard their forces from the effects of chemical weapons. (caution)
30. Their greetings did not seem heartfelt. (ceremony)
31. The full costume is only worn on important occasions. (ceremony)
32. Utilitarian notions in the social sciences are not enough for even providing a(n) framework for
grasping what actually happens. (concept)
33. It once seemed to everyone that men should travel to the moon. (conceive)
34. The procedure is in strict with standard international practices.(conform)
35. The present economic policy is a(n) of the earlier one. (continue)
36. An historical awareness also imparts a sense of (continue).
37. Last month's elections saw a in power of the country's socialist party. (continue)
38. It's very to find out that your own team members have been lying to you. (courage)
39. Do you believe in the powers of the local mineral water? (cure)
40. She has an artist's eye. (discriminate)
41. The government enacted laws to protect women from employment practices (discriminate)
42. Maria loved both the children. There was never a hint of (favour)
43. They often are involved in the hiring and dismissal of employees but generally have no role in the
of personnel policy. (form)
44. An agreement on the of a new government was reached on June 6. (form)
45. There are people who want to you and grind you down. (humble)
46. The discussions reached a new level of and by lunchtime the exchanges were becoming very
heated. (intense)
47. and specialization in agriculture, especially in the vineyards, gave rise to commercial
exchange and opportunity for profit and saving. (intense)
48. Areas near the frontier were rough and in the old days. (law)
49. It is for a teacher to inflict corporal punishment on pupils. (law)
50. The relation of politics and economy is a of historical gradual progress. (master)
51. A builder from South London, McAvoy was the of the robbery (master)
52. Photographs and that cover the walls and fill several display cases chronicle the foods this area is
famous for. (memory)
53. The three countries have signed a(n) _ pledging to work together. (memory)
54. Olympic gold medalist Ekaterina Gordeeva is writing a(n) about her life with Sergei Grinkov, her
late husband and figure-skating partner. (memory)
55. Her first defeat was an early lesson in (humble).
56. They cannot forget the they suffered at the hands of their oppressors. (humble).
57. Sales have slowed down quite (mark).
58. To the untrained eye, the two flowers look similar. (mark)
59. Always check the before you buy a secondhand car (mile)

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60. The invention of the wheel was a(n) _ in the history of the world. (mile)
61. One lapse in concentration could prove fatal. (moment)
62. It was in Glasgow, however, that many events were taking place. (moment)
63. Guy was greedy, , obsessed with power and self-gratification. (moral)
64. Capital punishment was regarded as inhuman and (moral)
65. Since their interest in the past was primarily , precise knowledge of actual events and when they
happened was not required. (moral)
66. A couple of victories would improve the team's enormously. (moral)
67. You become when things are not going your way and you can't really see a way out of it. (moral)
68. To the audience's , the band suddenly stopped playing. (mystical)
69. Electric-powered cars are still something of a (novel)
70. Comparisons are simpler to make when data is presented in diagrammatic form and conclusions
are easier to draw from it. (number)
71. pictures have been deemed to contribute to a hostile environment (object)
72. Personal disinterest in a programme content will help your _ in assessing its potential for your
public relations purposes. (object)
73. To say that the (observe) of this custom or law is sacrilegious or illicit must be regarded as
(error).
74. Recent developments in biology have made it possible to acquire more and more precise information
concerning our genetic . Scientists can even today identify a number of genetic disorders that may
cause illness and disease. (make)
75. Since 1990 the price of sugar has tended to fluctuate more wildly than any of the other four commodity
groups, and has almost _ been the most expensive relative to 2002-2004 prices. (vary)
76. A dozen international poverty and development organizations published a report last week on the impact of
building new coal power plants in countries where a large percentage of the population lacks access to
electricity. The report‟s conclusions are strikingly : on the whole, building coal power plants does
little to help the poor, and often it can actually make them poorer. (intuition)
77. The scandal surely _ the end of his political career. (sign)
78. He gained for being difficult to work with as an actor. (notorious)
79. Tre Transformer is quite intriguing. It is one of the best movies of the year. (doubt)
80. Her hip has been for quite a while, and she'll probably need surgery on it. (trouble)
81. Her latest novel is a(n) thriller, set some time in the late 21st century. (future)
82. The new policy only serves to the inadequacy of help for the homeless. (accent)
83. Successful candidates will be required to an induction programme. (take)
84. Radio 4 also announced a new of Primo Levi‟s short story collection The Periodic Table, starring
Henry Goodman and introduced by Janet Suzman, to be broadcast in 12 episodes of varying lengths this spring.
(drama)
85. In the UK, the ratio of people of working age to people over 65 could fall from 3.7 to 1 in 1999 to 2.1 to 1 in
2040. This suggests a very big increase in the ratio and is consequently a cause for concern because
with current spending pension commitments, it will place a higher burden on the shrinking working population.
(depend)
86. The UK government has already made tentative steps to raise the retirement age and increase the role of
private sector pensions. These policies will make an ageing population more (manage).
87. Ian Darkin of One Traveller, which specialises in offering holidays for mature single travellers, says: “The
new generation of (retire) aren‟t sitting at home knitting. Their keenness to experience other
countries and cultures is (diminish) with age.”
88. The UN Security Council unanimously adopted a(n) calling for a halt to hostilities. (solve)
89. Environmental degradation is (character) as any change or aggravation to nature‟s turf seen to
be pernicious or (desire).
90. The United Nations International Strategy for Disaster Reduction describes environmental degradation as
the of the limit of the earth to meet social and environmental destinations, and needs (less).
91. Humans have destroyed a tenth of Earth‟s remaining in the last 25 years and there may be none
left within a century if trends continue, according to an authoritative new study. (wild)

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92. Technology has been lauded as a way to free up time for us, yet the reality of an all-consuming medium
often does the reverse. New innovations bring with them a host of consequences, ranging from the
troubling to the downright depressing. Social media makes us lonely. Too much screen-time makes teenagers
fall behind their peers. And at the more feeble end of the spectrum, many of us have walked into an obstacle
while texting. (intend)
93. Zombies are archetypal monsters from the bottom of the uncanny valley, with their dead eyes and
faces (express).
94. The terrible scenes were indelibly on his mind (print).
95. Phyllis Schlafly, the conservative activist who helped defeat the Equal Rights Amendment in the
1970s, has died. (speak)
96. The results poor hygiene as one cause of the outbreak. (imply)
97. The country‟s economic crisis had a(n) effect on world markets. (settle)
98. The piece, which had been affected by centuries of and grime, was brought back its former glory
by seven conservators from the museum's Hamilton Kerr Institute. (colour)
99. The company has established total over its rivals. (supreme)
100 Despite fighting between the government and SPLA rebels, citizens will be allowed (hinder)

access to humanitarian aid via "tranquility corrid.

PRACTICE TEST 3
1. With increasing numbers of people choosing to teach English as a foreign language, the need to gain a(n)
(credit) qualification has never been more important.
2. A campaign is calling for the reversal of a decision to scrap A-level archaeology - saying it would cause
(revoke) harm to the development of future archaeologists.
3. Sir Adrian was a true gentleman. He was (fail) polite to everyone he met within the business and
was on first name terms with many of them, regardless of where they worked.
4. An eight-month inquiry by the all party group on (mind) found frontline public servants could be
less likely to fall ill with stress, or quit altogether, if they engage in the increasingly popular meditation practice.
5. (absent) is an issue of growing concern among employers in the UK owing to changing
legislation, but there is virtually no robust data on its direct or indirect costs.
6. A decision to allow (hear) evidence in disciplinary proceedings against a doctor linked to child
abuse claims was (law).
7. Slavoj Žižek was born in communist Yugoslavia in 1949, and received a thorough grounding in Marxism
and the principles of (dialect) materialism.
8. Can you make up a(n) (four) for tennis tomorrow?
9. These wonderful books (capsule) moments in history in truly unforgettable ways .
10. Proposals to protect the right of mentally (capacity) people to be involved in important
decisions about their life have been published by the government.
11. Authorities in the US state of Michigan have charged a taxi driver with six counts of murder after he went
on a random shooting spree on Saturday. Jason Brian Dalton, 45, remained (express) as the charges
were read in court on Monday.
12. Around 40% of jobseekers have been without work for more than one year, the report says, running
"significant risks of (moral), loss of self-esteem and mental health problems"
13. A former migrant has returned home to Senegal after becoming (heart) with life as an illegal
migrant in Spain. After six years, Babacar Dialor Faye never got his legal documents and had to live on
(hand) from the Red Cross.
14. Kids have become _ (sense) to violence. Someone's been shot, and kids are playing up and down
the streets on their bikes, because they're used to seeing it and that's also what you see in a war zone.
15. Parents often favour one child over another and, at its worst, parental (favour) can be one of the
most profound and damaging emotional dynamics a child ever encounters. It can affect the rest of their lives.

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16. When Emma was widowed in 1879, she decided to leave her home in Koblenz, Germany, to start
(new) in Glasgow, and settled in the city by 1881
17. Anti-terrorism police patrol units are to be introduced across London boroughs. This tactic was endorsed by
Lord Harris in his review of London's (prepare) for a terror attack, commissioned by the mayor.
18. Reports of memory loss with long-term cannabis use are nothing new, and an influential paper published
last year provided evidence that smoking marijuana has a(n) (delete) effect on intelligence.
19. THC (tetrahydrocannabinol) is the primary psychoactive compound in cannabis and is what causes the
subjective "high". This includes changes in (perceive) sensations, a feeling of (content)
and increased appetite .
20. Cyanide (toxic) is experienced by humans at doses of around 0.5–3.5 milligrams per kilogram of
body weight .
21. She has become increasingly (opinion) and verbalises her opinions forcefully without any insight
into their effect on others.
23. who want to fund the restoration of a derelict arts centre in Cheltenham have pleaded with other
bidders to let it become community-run (benefit).
24. He was a bad influence on the child, who was at a(n) (impress) age.
25. Membership talks were launched in 2005, but progress has been slow, as several EU states have serious
about Turkish EU membership. (give)
26. He has such great power and yet talked with such (humble). There aren‟t many people in politics
who are as charismatic as President Obama.
27. For many people Ludwig van Beethoven (1770-1827) is the most influential figure in the history of western
classical music. His extraordinary talent was already clearly evident as a young man, (mercy)
surviving a somewhat unconventional upbringing during which his eccentric father would often force him to
take music lessons in the middle of the night.
28. How often have you seen rich people take to the stress, shouting that they are earning too much? Protesters
are typically blue-collar workers yelling that the minimum page has to go up, or that their jobs should not go
overseas. Concern about (fair) is always (symmetry), stronger in the poor than the rich.
And the (lie) emotions are not as (loft) as the ideal itself. Children become

thoroughly (indignation) as the slightest discrepancy in, say, the size of their slice of pizza compared
to their sibling‟s.
29. Many teachers expressed serious (give) about the new tests.
30. The price of property in the city is (prohibit)
31. is an economic theory which states that a progressively greater level of consumption is beneficial
to the consumers. (consume)
32. If your credit card debt is mounting and yet you can't stop spending, you could be a (shop).
33. The number of people suffering from shopping addiction has . (take) the number of drug and
drink addicts combined
34. Everyone has heard of Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart; few of his son Franz Xaver. A new CD collection
(title) The Other Mozart celebrates Franz's music - in all its haunting, (melancholy)
innocence. The 27 songs are brief slivers of ideas, (develop) shadows of what might have been,
reaching a beautiful fulfillment in the later works. But it is clear that the music never reaches the heights of his
genius father. Franz was the youngest of Mozart's children, and his mother's hopes and ambitions focused on
him following the (mature) death of his father. The very best teachers were automatically available
to Franz's, who made his public debut as a singer, aged five. The songs bring to light Franz's . (piano)
accomplishments; the piano parts are extremely demanding. The songs hint at Franz's love for a woman; they
speak time and again of unattainable love and (fulfil) longing. (realist), however, the fact
remains that this music, had it been written by a composure of any other name, would probably have remained
buried in the archives.
35. The region has several medium-sized towns and cities, but no major (urban)
36. When you're on a cross-country flight, it's tough to tolerate the crying of a baby. (cease)
37. Our mind registers things which our conscious mind is not aware of. (conscious)
38. They were now faced with seemingly _ technical problems (mount)
39. The report should distinguish clearly between fact, firm opinion and mere speculation (dispute)
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40. They have become , with both sides refusing to compromise any further. (reconcile)
41. Finland‟s metalworkers' union chief Riku Aalto has criticised government proposals to alter nationwide
labour conditions as and unprofessional (amateur).
42. His interpretation of the figures is far too (simple)
43. The organization insists that it is and does not identify with any one particular party (politics)
44. The new regulations will be for small businesses. (burden)
45. Solon replies that birds like peacocks are in their beauty. (compare)
46. It is to generalize from the results of a single experiment. (advise)
47. Try not to to criticism. (react)
48. He was confused and and I didn't get much sense out of him. (cohere)
49. Gradually she began to notice one or two little in his character. (perfect)
50. They‟re concerned about the of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. (build)
51. Karen has always felt by her famous elder sister. (shadow)
52. An increasing number of tests are available for detecting foetal _ (normal).
53. He is currently standing trial for alleged (practice)
54. All points on a circle are (distant) from the centre.
55. The worsening situation forced the company to (size) from 39 employees to 7.
56. The new version of the program comes with a much better user (face).
57. Who will be the main of the cuts in income tax? (benefit)
58. The parents showed (bear) toward their defiant and unruly son.
remarkable
59. A(n) (mean/menace) has been committed but the offender has not been caught.
60. I (contrary) advice - some people tell me to keep it warm and some tell me to put
keep getting
ice on it.
61. He gazed at her with (smell) eyes, wishing she wasn't married.
62. He had a(n) _ (rival) knowledge of south Arabian society, religion, law and customs.
63. The ship is an (reply) of the original Golden Hind.
exact
64. (provide) and expression as well as musical accompaniment of the exercises plays a central role
in the training programme of the Medau-Schule.
65. Ariadne herself personifies the passively courageous, endlessly (resource), and (love)
restorative element in every psyche.
66. (brain) on creative tasks has been a major activity in the advertising business where it began in the
1930s.
67. Abuses of the investigative process may (perceive) lead to abridgment of protected freedoms
68. Their contributions to science have earned them a(n) (last) place in history.
69. She appeared on television to make a(n) (passion) plea for help.
70. No one will raise moral psychology of the question of obesity, for fear of sounding (passion) and
(reaction).
71. We should take a more (passion) view and consider the long-term effects of Briant's work.
72. The solutions (compass) a wide range of options to suit all tastes and pockets.
73. He was known to be a loud-mouthed, (opinion) bigot.
74. The aim of the report is to (lucid) the main points of the new regulations.
75. Some things are (alien) true: Water is wet, gra is green (kind of), dogs bark and houses prices rise
76. Jack tried to (one) for his rudeness by sending her some flowers.
77. By 1980 the Republican Party platform had become antiabortion; and a president who pledged to
(law) abortion altogether had been elected.
78. Tootle seems to be essentially a(n) (caution) tale, warning the child to stay on the narrow road of
virtue.
79. The country's great influence in the world is (proportion) to its relatively small size.
80. In the US, a school _ (intend) is in charge of the schools in a particular area.
81. The demonstrators (brand) banners and shouted slogans.
82. He has a(n) _(can) knack of being able to see immediately where the problem lies.

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83. Mick was stubborn and (dominate) with a very bad temper.
84. My profession had an important influence in the formation of my character and (temper).

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85. The final whistle was greeted with (triumph) cheers from players and spectators.
86. She has never traced back her (line), but believes her grandparents were from Aberdeenshire.
87. She was a devout Catholic and, so far as I am aware, (assail/salient) morally.
88. In the field of (diet), standards of practice have been developed for practitioners in the field.
89. I am afraid I have quite a(n) (incline) to retire on a pension.
90. A(n) (reach) and comprehensive strategy, carefully integrated with broader plans for health care
reform, is required.
91. They're making efforts to streamline their normally (cumber) bureaucracy.
92. Trading can be characterized as a pure, (cumber) personal choice with an immediate outcome.
93. He's (centre), (manipulate), insensitive; classic signs of a personality problem.
94. Sometimes a sympathetic friend can be a constant source of discouragement, all (know).
95. Some say he was reborn as an undead god, others that he was simply a(n) (body) spirit.
96. This book is about people who claim to have _ (normal) abilities such as ESP and mind-reading.
97. The refugees slept in (shift) tents at the side of the road.
98. The inheritance of (mode) company structures from the past, reinforced by further concentration,
produced very rigid company organisation.
99. In the (mingle) of news and commercials we have a struggle of sorts between two different
orientations.
100. Two hijackers used fake explosives to (command) the airliner.

PRACTICE TEST 4
A. There are a myriad of lifestyle issues affecting the youth of today. Such is the pressure heaped on many
school-goers to achieve academic excellence by their parents that these 1 (real) expectations are
causing children to become hopelessly depressed. Indeed, some, in their 2 (despair) to escape and their
sense of guilt at being unable reach the levels of success demanded of them by their 3 (push) parents,
either rebel in what is 4 (amount) to a cry for help, or, worse still, engage in 5 (harm). It is no
coincidence that suicide rates, expecially amongst young males, have been rising steadily for some time now.
These are tough times to be a teen.
Then there are those who get hooked on the internet; the 6 (virtue) world becomes their reality. For
these teens, their social circle shrinks 7 (drama) until, at last, their friendship sphere is limited solely to
their online 8 (bud). Not alone do they commonly suffer from sleep 9 (private) on account of
their destructive addiction to game play and net-surfing, their behaviour may become so (err) and
peculiar over time as to be considered 10 _ (social) . And while they sit at their computer screens hidden
away in splendid isolation from the real world, such is the lack of exercise they get that their calorie intake far
exceeds what is necessary for them to maintain a stable weight. In essence, due to their sedentary lifestyle, their
weight 11 (rocket) until such time as they become morbidly obese.

B. The standard of television programming produced in this country is in terminal decline. The 1
(shed) has become a meaningless term confined in its 2 (apply) to 3 (go) days when adult
content felt the full force of censorship and was not allowed to appear on the box until after 9:00 p.m.
Nowadays, however, it seems anything goes any time. And, truth told, whatever anything is, it seldom 'goes' for
much longer than a half hour or so at any rate before it is interrupted by a commercial break. And don't even get
me started on those appalling 4 (inform) most of the networks run right the way through the night, one
after another, for up to thirty minutes at a time. lt is truly painful. Terrestrial television is now, as far as I am
concerned, a laughing stock. All the quality has been bought up by the satellite networks, with their big-money
weight behind them, but even here 5 (pick) are slim. In protest at the dire state of things, I have
become a converted 6 (net). I look to the web now to find good content. There, I can find just enough
7 (run) of quality programmes to prevent myself from falling into utter despair and pining for the
good old days of 8 (year).

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C. In January 2001, the 1 (govern) Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) issued its latest report on climate
change. Climate models worked out by giant super-computers had become far more reliable since the previous
report in 1995 and allowed them to 2 (praise) the earlier projections for global warming. Their
conclusions were that something very serious is happening and that it cannot be a natural process. The 1990s
was the hottest decade for 1,000 years and the Earth is warming faster than at any time in the last 10,000 years.
According to the report, human activities are 3_ (equivocate) to blame for the temperature rise. The
burning of fossil fuels releases carbon dioxide and, due to deforestation, there are fewer trees to absorb this gas
and recycle it back into oxygen. Methane 4 (concentrate) have also gone up dramatically because of
increases in rice culture and 5 (cattle), both of which generate methane from 6 (compose)
vegetation. These greenhouses gases trap heat in the Earth‟s atmosphere and cause the temperature to rise. In
the worst case, the resulting melting of ice-caps and glaciers would cause sea levels to rise by up to 88 cm,
endangering the homes and 7 (lively) of tens of millions of people who live in low-lying regions.
Unfortunately, there is far greater 8 (unanimous) among the world‟s scientists over the issue than
among politicians. As long ago as 1990, the IPCC recommended a 60% reduction in carbon dioxide 9
(emit), as the basic level required to return the planet‟s climate to a healthy level. Governments globally failed
to 10 (act) these proposals. Now that the dangers have been reaffirmed by the latest report, it is high
time that governments took an active interest in exploring alternative, renewable energy sources.

D. People intuitively recognize the importance of self-esteem to their psychological health, so it isn't
particularly remarkable that most of us try to protect and enhance it in ourselves whenever possible. What is
remarkable is that attention to self-esteem has become a(n) 1 _ (commune) concern, at least for
Americans, who see a favorable opinion of oneself as the central psychological source from which all manner of
positive outcomes spring. The corollary, that low self-esteem lies at the root of individual and thus 2
(society) problems and 3 (function), has sustained an ambitious social agenda for decades. Indeed,
campaigns to raise people's sense of self-worth abound. Consider what transpired in California in the late 1980s.
Prodded by State Assemblyman John Vasconcellos, Governor George Deukmejian set up a task force on self-
esteem and personal and social responsibility. Vasconcellos argued that raising self-esteem in young people
would reduce crime, teen pregnancy, drug abuse, school 4 (achieve) and pollution. At one point, he
even expressed the hope that these efforts would one day help balance the state budget, a prospect predicated on
the observation that people with high 5 (regard) earn more than others and thus pay more in taxes.
Along with its other activities, the task force assembled a team of scholars to survey the relevant literature. The
results appeared in a 1989 volume 6 (title) The Social Importance of Self-Esteem, which stated that
"many, if not most, of the major problems plaguing society have roots in the low self-esteem of many of the
people who make up society." In reality, the report contained little to support that assertion.

E. An emerging discipline called neuroaesthetics is seeking to bring scientific 1 (objective) to the

study of art, and has already given us a better understanding of many 2 (master). The blurred
3 (image) of Impressionist paintings seems to stimulate the brain's amygdala, for instance. Since the
amygdala plays a crucial role in our feelings, that finding might explain why many people find these pieces so
4 (move). Could the same approach also shed light on abstract twentieth-century pieces, from
Mondrian's geometrical blocks of colour, to Pollock's 5 (seem) haphazard arrangements of splashed
paint on canvas? 6 (sceptical) believe that people claim to like such works simply because they are
famous. We certainly do have an inclination to follow the crowd. When asked to make simple 7
(perceive) decisions such as matching a shape to its rotated image, for example, people often choose a
definitively wrong answer if they see others doing the same. It is easy to imagine that this 8 (mental)
would have even more impact on a fuzzy concept like art appreciation, where there is no right or wrong answer.

F. Pop art was a(n) 1 (convention) art style in which 2 _ (common) objects such as comic
strips, soup cans and road signs were used as subject matter, and were often incorporated into the work. The pop
art movement was largely a British and American cultural phenomenon of the late 1950s and „60s. Art critic
Lawrence Alloway, referring to the prosaic 3 (icon) of its painting and sculpture, named the movement
pop art. It represented an attempt to return to a more objective and 4 (universe) accepted form of art
after the dominance in both the United States and Europe of the highly personal abstract 5 _ (express).

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The art form was iconoclastic, rejecting the 6 (supreme) of the „high art‟ of the past and the 7
(pretend) of other contemporary avant-garde art. Pop art became a cultural institution because of its close
reflection of a particular social situation and because its easily 8_ (comprehend) images were
immediately exploited by the mass media. Although the critics of pop art describe it as sensational and non-
aesthetic, its proponents saw it as an art that was democratic and not 9 (discriminate), bringing
together both connoisseurs and untrained inexperienced viewers. Even though public reaction to pop art was
10 (favour), it found critical acceptance as a form of art suited to the highly technological, mass media-
oriented society of western countries.

G. The comedy Bringing Up Baby, on the other hand, presents practically non-stop dialogue delivered at
1 (neck) speed. This use of dialogue 2 (score) not only the dizzy quality of the character
played by Katherine Hepburn, but also the 3 (absurd) of the film itself and thus its humor. The
audience is bounced from gag to gag and conversation to conversation; there is no time for audience reflection.
The audience is caught up in a(n) 4 (wind) of activity in simply managing to follow the plot. This film
presents pure 5 (escape) - largely due to its frenetic.

PRACTICE TEST 5
1. This place is an zone, which is restricted to people who work in the Parliamentary House only.
(EXCLUDE)
2. He was by the darkness and got lost in the forest. (NIGHT)
3. He was with intelligence but he tried hard to make up for it. (ENDOW)
4. Any gimmicks are forbidden in this competition. (MALICE)
5. Surely all women must have instinct or the human race would die out. (MOTHER)
6. Putting up with noise coming from the neighbor is probably the most thing. (TO)
7. The leader was taken into custody, which brought an end to the . (SURGE)
8. The spectacular view of Sa Pa has many visitors. (RAPTURE)
9. Andy has received such fame after he tried himself in the school‟s play. (WONT)
10. The aridity in that area a poor crop. (TOKEN)
11. Some people argue that money has football. (BASE)
12. This remote village bore the of the storm. (PREDATOR)
113. “People” is a word. (SYLLABLE)
14. The young boy was _ by the two men who then asked the innocent for money. (WAY)
15. Taking that old lady for a ride is . (CONSCIENCE)
16. To achieve the logic, you have to employ certain techniques of using connectives like
„and‟, „or‟ in the right place within the sentence. (SENTENCE)
17. This chair is almost too , so replace it with a new one! (ANNUAL)
18. Underground nuclear are believed to have been carried out. (NOTE)
19. The opponents of nuclear power may object to the scheme for some reasons. (MENTION)
20. Every point in his speech is , which allows the audience to follow easily. (PERSPEX)
21. The _ is used to measured the smallest things! (MICRO)
22. His talking annoys the teachers a lot. (TERMINAL)
23. Many policies have come into force to boost the economic development. (BUSINESS)
24. A(n) schedule assists me in passing the day smoothly. (ARRANGE)
25. Allowing yourself anything you like makes you a figure. (INDULGE)
26. Mary with her husband about his budget this month. (POSTULATE)
27. It is impossible to his excellence at work. (SAY)
28. People in coastal area live mainy on the , which allows them to earn a great deal of money
from the sea products (CULTURE)
29. People felt a great pity for the time spent to see such a(n) film. (ABYSS)
30. Every book has a including what the authors say about their masterpiece. (WORD)

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31. I cannot imagine why there are such people in this world. Don‟t they feel any sympathy
for the homeless? (HEART)
32. I will bring my unbrella along on the that it rains. (CHANCE)
33. The dramatic decrease in the of this factory can be a direct result of underpayment. (PUT)
34. The contaminated drinking water in Flint, Michigan can cause consequences. (LIFE)
35. It is a _ fact that the vegeterian sausages were invented during World War I. (KNOW)
36. His recent unpredictable mood him from his friends. (STRANGE)
37. I was and fell in love with her immediately at first sight. (LOVE)
38. The camera must be clean with a soft cloth. Otherwise, the water will permeate and cause
damage. (WRING)
39. His recent ups and downs made the criminal more than ever. (BITE)
40. John Cena used to be in his in WWE but since his dislocation, he had to leave for operation
and it would take him a long time to make a full recovery. (DAY)
41. Bats use to navigate in the dark when hunting prey. (LOCATION)
42. He was lying, indicated by the sign that his hands were shivering. (TELL)
43. Thanks to the at the bottom of the page, the Chinese-VietNamese poem becomes more
accessible. (NOTE)
44. The dog seems rather ; it must not have been fed for days. (SEE)
45. injection is the most common way to inject drugs. (VEIN)
46. medication brings about a quick relief but it is not recommended for long-term
treatment. (ACT)
47. Ivan‟s camera now because he carelessly dropped it into the pool. (FUNCTION)
48. Mary told the doctor about her stomach‟s . It didn‟t seem to work properly. (FUNCTION)
49. A cock roach can continue to live for a few days even if it is . (CAPITA)
50. Their house is decorated in such a way so that it fit in with other houses. (DESCRIBE)
51. people are strong and healthy ones who can make a living on their own. (BODY)
52. I spent the whole evening my messy house. (CLUTTER)
53. Remember to read every in the contract because it can be a trap for the unwary. (PRINT)
54. I did my project in my own way, not in a one. (TREAD)
55. From six o‟clock , I‟m home! (ON)
56. Some of the and regions in Somalia have adopted distinctive
symbols , including flags, while others continue to use the Somali flag. (DEPEND/AUTONOMY)
57. A(n) disease is one that will gradually deteriorate the functioning of any one part in
your body. (GENERATE)
58. It is widely known that judges have powers. (DISCRETION)
59. The little boy left his hand-made boat on the river. (DRIFT)
60. The students are seperated into differnt classes. (QUALIFY)
61. He suffered from headaches as an of his accident. (AFFECT)
62. The renown that Michael Jackson gained for himself is almost . (SUPERIOR)
63. Viet Nam used to be into two seperate areas, with the border being Gianh river. (MASS)
64. The walls were with colors, which make it so beautiful. (STRIPE)
65. A bottle of cooled water had effects on us after a long walk. (VIGOR)
66. Hand _ is accused of including BBA, which can cause many health problems. (SANITARY)
67. Their trouble is . They themselves made the situation worse. (INFLICT)
68. The inside our bodies is a complex system. (MUSCLE)
69. I do not understand why Adriana was so at last night‟s party. She is usually clever and
tactical when meeting people. (ADROIT)
70. Viet Nam went through process and became an independent country. (COLONY)

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 PRACTICE TEST 6
1. The act of should be prohibited under any circumstances. Everyone all has equal rights to vote.
(FRANCHISE)
2. The boss ordered his staff to be with each other in dealing with the company's end-of-year burden.
(LABOR)
3. It is such a story that the mom lost her child when her family immigrated from Africa into
Europe. (LUCK)
4. The mayor was determined that he would do everything in his power to the murder case.
(MYSTERY)
5. The government stressed it was not abandoning its tough policies. (INFLATE)
6. The woman detected her conditions soon after she felt ill in her body. (CANCER)
7. I cast my eyes and saw the geese flying in V-line. (HEAVEN)
8. programs are offered to those who want to do professional training while being paid to
work. (SERVICE)
9. It is inhumane to sell limbs of the animals, such as rhinoceros or elephants, in the market place.
(MEMBER)
10. He was regarded as a winner as he beat his opponents in three straight sets. (RUN)
11. Although some hold out hope for a sea wall and land reclamation programme, it is admittedly nothing more
than a mere (STOP)
12. A(n) is implanted in the body to prop up the heart. (MAKE)
13. She is gorgeous in that gown. (DIE)
14. His behavior at the party was , which went beyond everyone's expectations. (ERR)
15. The advent of computers was one of milestones in the mankind's history. (NOTE)
the
16. His condition was so serious as he had to stay in hospital for a month. (MUCH)
17. Pending the of KFC, the manager had to catch up on a huge number of backlogs. (TAKE)
18. It is to be waken up by the noisy music from the neighbor's house. (IRK)
19. Like many of my age, I dread to use hi-tech gears. (TECHNICAL)
other
20. Bacteria derived from disease can be contagious among people having reciprocal contact.
(MENINGES)
21. The woman is getting older. She is now in the year of her age. (LIGHT)
22. Chemicals are easily if they are laid open in the atmosphere for a long time. (ACTION)
23. The spectators booed as the referee did not disallow the goal. (SIDE)
24. The government must work at full tilt to promote the economy and reduce the . (EFFICIENT)
25. The Earth is experiencing a major in the climate. (HEAVE)
26. My is the unique thing that distinguishes me from others. (MARK)
27. Children who grow up in peace tend to be more than those who grow up in war. (ADAPT)
28. My mother me a great deal of encouragement after I got bad grades in my exam. (VOUCH)
29. He is a(n) man. He does not gain any ground in his family. (WILL)
30. You can look at of this Chinese book to see the elucidation of these new words. (ADD)
the
31. The reaction that occurs within the cell is called reaction. (CELL)
32. He was from the hustle and bustle of life since he moved to this rural area. (TANGLE)
33. I over whether to go abroad or not. (SHALL)
34. Many people nowadays want to indulge themselves in industries such as finance and the like.
(KNOW)
35. Please accept this as a reminder of your stay here. (REMEMBER)
36. A(n) is the one who turns into wolf during full moon. (WOLF)
37. Nitrogen oxide is a(n) compound of oxygen and nitrogen. (ATOM)
38. The story broadens the horizon of the children about their . (BEAR)
39. I met my old friend at the supermarket this morning, which was quite . (FORTUNE)
40. The mall has intrigued a great number of visitors since it was _ last month. (GRAND)
41. She cast her eyes and saw a mysterious man looking at her. (STREET)
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42. The girl excelled herself at the exam and came to the two boys. (THREE)

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43. Scientists from Russia, America and Japan have recently filled the periodic table‟s seventh row with four
chemical elements. (HEAVE)
44. It is a misconception that human blood is blue. (OXYGEN)
45. The house is painted in such a(n) style. (SAVOUR)
46. In this modern day, you have to keep yourself so as not to lag behind others. (DATE)
47. This book is . You can find information about the varieties of plants around the world here.
(EMBRACE)
48. The little rainfall a poor crop for farmers in this village. (BODE)
49. That word is such a(n) . It is not easy to pronouce at all. (JAW)
50. and disinfectants are widely used in hospital to kill the bacteria. (SEPTIC)
51. Due to the prolonged , the goods arrived later than we had expected. (CONTAIN)
52. Found in condition, the house is intended to be demolished. (DOWN)
53. of violence has been possible by means of television. (DOCTRINE)
54. He laid his desk . It is untidily filled with all kinds of stuff. (HEAP)
55. It is that he will press ahead with his project. Nothing can prevent him. (ODD)
56. X-rays, known as a form of , are widely utilized nowadays to diagnose medical conditions.
(RADIAL)
57. His misunderstanding of the situation resulted in his . Everyone could make out the embarassing
remarks on his face. (COMPOSE)
58. The minister the fight against hunger in his opening speech. (ACCENT)
59. Even the most equipment cannot replace the role of the teachers in the future. (ART)
60. America is considered one of the biggest in the world. (POWER)
61. The water in the building is of great concern. It can damage the walls if not managed properly
and timely. (FILL)
62. He took off his hat and a pigeon flew out. It was a trick. (GUILE)
63. In a manner, he stepped into the room and shouted at the top of his voice. (DOUBT)
64. You should not assess a situation from such a(n) side. (LATERAL)
65. The homless woman pleaded for a shelter from the rain in a(n) tone. (PASSION)
66. The man reported than he had seen a(n) object, which might well be a UFO. (EGG)
67. The coal cellar needs to be equipped with system in order to prevent suffocation. (VENT)
68. The advent of Internet is an important in human history. (MARK)
69. His face showed the remark of even when we were talking about seriously. ( FLIP)
70. What you know is rather . And it is unfair to judge just through a cursory glance. (FACIES)
71. Moving is moving in a direction opposite to the direction the hands of the clock moves.
(CLOCK)
72. Reta is studying animal at the Oxford university. (GENE)
73. The crews fortuitously dicovered a _ in the ship‟s cool chamber. (STOW)
74. The man was on a medal for bravely taking a child out of the burning house. (STOW)
75. The report has the cause of global warming in the past decades. (POINT)
76. It may take more than a month to deliver our car from Germany to VietNam as it is . (SHIP)
77. “Titanic” is an example of romance. (SHIP)
78. The machine cannot work properly as a direct result of . (ALIGN)
79. There used to be a in Quang Tri, whose remains now become a historical site. (HOLD)
80. Andy was from the volunteer group due to his poor attitude. (COMMUNICATE)
81. I was so that even a spider scared me. (KNEE)
82. The government its responsibility in the leakage of confidential information. (NEGATE)
83. Try not to be even if you are tremendously successful. (VAIN)
84. Bob is a(n) of an intelligent student. (TYPE)
85. The goverment‟s policy to soothe the anger among people was . It should have happened
earlier. (CHRONOLOGY)
86. Tom‟s collection is such a(n) . There is no connection between things. (MASH)
87. I was completely by the fact that he was going to get married. (MUSE)
88. Sleeping during day and working when night comes sounds seemingly . (SCIENCE)

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89. I question whether a spectacle so fantastic and impressive was ever dealtwith, even in the pages of
fiction. (SCIENCE)
90. Adam‟s gait is a(n) _ for his strong personality. (WORD)
91. The apricot blossom during spring. (GERM)
92. In an world, people have to change to get into the swing of the environment. (EVOLVE)
93. I the distance from my house to the Ann‟s hospital and arrived there rather late. (RECK)
94. Harry Porter‟s personality is successfully by J.K.Rowling throughout her series. (LINE)
95. Your saying last night could hurt other people‟s feelings although you might not intend to say
so. (SENSE)
96. What Thuy Minh said has provoked violent _ from critics as well as celebrities. (BLAST)
97. You are becoming a(n) . Just go outside and see what happens. (LAY)
98. A is an instrument that separates light into a frequency spectrum and records the signal using
a camera. (SPECTRUM)
99. Cindy showed support at Josh‟s project. She always believes him. (FALTER)
100. This place is an zone, which is restricted to people who work in the Parliamentary House
only. (EXCLUDE)

PRACTICE TEST 7
A. THE PRESENTATION OF HISTORY (CPE USE OF ENGLISH – 1C)
When dealing with sensitive issues such as the atrocities of war and man‟s (1. human) to man,
interpreters of history may try in vain to give an even-handed (2. treat) _ of the subject. This creates the
danger of “softening” the image to make it a little less (3. horror) , a little less (4. shame) and a
little more acceptable to the general audience. This is an injustice to history, with too much emphasis put on the
bland and not enough on the harsh reality of the past.
Interpreting our heritage is not a soft option where all that is required is a nice, (5. sentiment) _ view of
the past. It requires a full working (6. perceive) _ of the issues and the evidence, together with a (7. will)
to be open about the strengths and weaknesses of our ability to interpret in a way that (8. deep) _
understanding. If (9. provoke) is required to do that, then it should not be avoided for fear of presenting
something (10. agree) .

B. PRECIOUS METAL
Gold has several qualities that have made it a commodity of exceptional value throughout history. It is attractive
in colour, durable to the point of virtual (1. destroy) and usually found in nature in a (2.
compare) pure form. The history of gold is (3. equal) by that of any other metal because of its value in
the minds of men from earliest times.
Because it is visually pleasing it was one of the first metals to attract human (4. attend). Examples of
elaborate gold workmanship, many in nearly perfect condition, survive from ancient Egyptian, Minian,
Assyrian, and Etruscan artisans, and gold has continued to be a highly _ (5. favour) material out of which
jewellery and other (6. decor) objects are crafted.
The era of gold production that followed the Spanish discovery of the Americas in the 1490s was probably the
greatest the world had witnessed to that time. The (7. exploit) of mines by slave labour and the looting
of Indian palaces, temples and graves in Central and South America resulted in a(n) (8. precedent)
influx of gold that literally unbalanced the (9. economy) structure of Europe. Until today the world
remains (10. captive) by the allure of gold.

C. FLAMENCO DANCE
The essence of flamenco is song, often accompanied by the guitar and improvised dance. Music and dance can
be placed into specific groups. These categories are usually located across a continuum with subjetcs dealing
with the profound to those that are light-hearted. (1. type), the themes of death, anguish and despair, in
contrast to love, gaiety and the countryside are (2. drama). In flamenco dance, the men‟s steps are
intricate, with toe and heel clicking. Footwork in women‟s dancing is of less importance, with the (3.
grace) use of hands and body taking (4. precede). In the dance, the arm, hand and foot movements

For gifted students/K10 /Word formation/Tim Page 17

closely resemble those of classical Hindu dance. Essential to traditional flamenco is the performer‟s
interpretation of the dance (5. hinder) by the emotion of the music. Performances are often
accompanied by rapid hand clapping, finger sanpping and (6. courage) shouts. The dancers themselves
frequently employ finger snapping in complex rhythms including the use of castanets. This dance form was
(7. profession) in the 19th century, when Romany people first began to perform in café. In this
environment, (8. depart) from the traditional form occurred. Unfortunately, the pressures of the
(9. commerce) stage meant that rehearsed routines replaced the _ (10. spontaneous) of the original flamenco
performances.

D. ALL WORK AND NO PLAY …

Playing is a serious business. Children engrossed in a make-believe world, fox cubs play fighting, or
kitten teasing a ball of string, aren‟t just having fun. Play may look like a carefree and exuberant way to pass
the time before the hard work of (1. adult) comes along, but there‟s much more to it than that. For a start,
play can be dangerous and costs some animals their lives. It is also extremely (2. cost) in terms of
energy. Nature tends not to waste energy so there must be a reason for this dangerous and strenuous actvity.
Playing is a (3. require) for the development of intelligence. Current theory posits that more of
the brain is involved in play than was previously believed. Play certainly seems to (4. act) higher
cognitive processes because it involves complex (5. assess) of playmates, ideas of reciprocity and the
use of (6. special) signals and rules.
It is already known that juveniles denied the opportunity for play lose the ability to apply social rules
when they do interact with their peers. Children destined to suffer mental illnesses as adults engage in precious
little social play early in life. The effect of depriving normal children of play is still (7. know), but the
implication is that (8. create) and learning abilities could be adversely affected. With (9.
school) beginning earlier and becoming (10. increase) more exam-oriented, the time afforded to play
is obviously being reduced. What the result will be is likely to cause concern.

E. PROTECTING YOUR RIGHTS.

Copyright is the inalienable, legally secured right to publish, reproduce, and sell the matter and form of
literary, musical, dramatic, or artistic work. Copyright is designed (1. specific) to protect on artist,
publisher, or other owner against any (2. authorise) copying of his works – as by reproducing the work
in any material form, publishing it, performing it in public, filming it, broadcasting it, causing it to be
distributed to (3. subscribe) or making any adaptation of the work. A copyright supplies a copyright
holder with a kind of (4. own) over the created material, which assures him of both control over its use
and the monetary benefits derived from it. (5. history), copyrights grew out of the same system as royal
patent grants, by which certain authors and printers were given the (6. exclude) right to publish books
and other materials. The (7. base) purpose of such grants was not to protect authors‟ or publishers‟
rights but to raise government revenue and to give governing authorities control over (8. public)
contents. The Statue of Anne, passed in England in 1710, was a (9. mile) in the history of copyright law
as it recognised that authors should be the (10. prime) beneficiaries of copyright law. Today, the Berne
Convention of 1886 and the Universal Copyright Convention of 1955 protect rights on an international level
recognised in all countries.

For gifted students/K10 /Word formation/Tim Page 18