NSTP 2  Trees are important as our lives.

ENVIRONMENTAL PROBLEMS Importance of Trees

 Remove Carbon dioxide

 Provides fruit
 Provides medicine
 Cools our houses
 Reduce erosion
 Adds oxygen
 Prevents flooding

FACTORS THAT AFFECTS THE ENVIRONMENT

 Impacts of Technology on the Environment

 Human Impacts on the Environment

Environmental Protection and Management
 Impacts of Agriculture on the Environment
Environmental awareness - is being aware of the state of
the environment. The environment refers to all parts of  Impacts of Transportation on the Environment
nature, living and non-living. Being aware of the
environment is particularly important, given the increasing Sustainable development - as defined in the Phil. Agenda
environmental challenges we are facing, such as climate 21 (1996) is “harmonious integration of a sound and viable
change global warming water scarcity, droughts, economy, responsible governance, social cohesion and
deforestation, floods, pollution. ecological integrity, to ensure that development is a life-
sustaining process.”
Environmental Management - is defined as an attempt to
control human impact on and interaction with environment THE GOAL ELEMENTS OF THE ENHANCED PA 21
to preserve natural resources. It focuses on the 1. Poverty Reduction- poverty is a central concern of
improvement of human welfare for present and future sustainable development.
generations. Contrary to what the terms suggests,
environmental management is not the management of the 2. Social Equity- social equity should mean allocation of
environment but rather is the management of the interaction resources on the bases of efficiency and equity to
of modern human societies with, and their impact on the achieve balanced development.
environment.
3. Empowerment and Good Governance-
The aim of Environmental Protection - is to reduced risks Empowerment is a precondition of informal choices.
to the environment from contaminants such as hazardous Good governance is a necessary precondition of
materials and wastes, fuels, and oils. It address pollution empowerment, as empowerment is to good
prevention measures and regulatory compliance by governance.
providing procedures for safely working with these
materials, inspecting the storage vessels and locations, and 4. Peace and Solidarity. the cycle of poverty and conflict
designating preventative maintenance procedures. Also goes on as the costs of war escalate in terms of various
included are environmental emergency plans, which kinds of destruction while withholding funds for basic
provide the appropriate actions to be taken in the event of a services, resulting in more poverty and
spill or release. underdevelopment.

THE SEVEN ENVIRONMENTAL PRINCIPLES 5. Ecological Integrity. The path towards enhancing the
(According to the Society for the Conservation of integrity of the country’s ecological domain will have
Philippine Wetlands, Inc.) to involve heightened and sustained implementation of
environmental laws
1. Everything is connected to everything else.
THE KEY ACTORS IN SUSTAINABLE
2. All forms of life are important (thus, the need for DEVELOPMENT WORK
biodiversity).
 Business- mainly concerned with producing goods
3. Everything must go somewhere (thus, too much can and services for people.
cause pollution)
 Government- concerned with democratic
4. Ours is a finite earth (thus, the need for conservation). governance and security of human rights.

5. Nature knows best (thus, the need for ecological  Civil Society- which is concerned with the
technology). development of the social and spiritual capabilities
of human beings.
6. Nature is beautiful and we are stewards of God’s
creation. 7 Key Principles Of Environmental Management

7. Everything changes. Polluter pays principle (PPP) - ensuring absolute liability

for any damage and harm caused by the industry and firms.
Impact of Population It makes the process and procedure for compensation easy
World population = 7.8 Billion in an event where their victims are affected. Another
important aspect of this among principles of environmental
PH Population = 113.9 Million management is that the cost gets shared and it’s easy to
repair or reduce damages.
User Pays Principle (UPP) - This principle has been A disaster management plan - is a preventative plan
derived from the polluter pays principle which gives the designed to reduce the harmful effects of a disaster
responsibility to users for them to pay for any long-run cost
and marginal environmental damage or pollution. It Disaster Reduction risk – is an approach
includes users bearing the costs for utilizing resources, The National Disaster Preparedness Plan
services, and treatment services whenever the resources are
consumed and used. ● The primary goal of preparedness is to avert the loss of
lives and assets due to threats and emergencies. RA
Precautionary Principle (PP) - This proposes protecting 10121 defines preparedness as the “knowledge and
the environment through precautionary measures, capacities developed by governments, professional
especially for heavy activities that might cause more response and recovery organizations, communities and
damage to the environment. The precautionary principle individuals to effectively anticipate, respond to, and
has major objectives which include measuring primary and recover from, the impacts of likely, imminent or
secondary activities posing a threat to the environment current hazard events or conditions.” While essentially
Principle of Responsibility - Among principles of implementation of preparedness is before any hazard or
environmental management, this states each person and any disasters strikes, preparedness outcomes straddle
firm needs to be held accountable and take responsibility to between pre-disaster, disaster and post disaster phases
maintain safe, clean, and sustainable development. based on existing definitions.
Ecological sustainability should be attained by ensuring the ● Main goal is to save lives and to reduce the impact
use of resources is properly managed and not wasted of disaster
Principle Of Effectiveness and Efficiency - It is the The NDP Plan Objectives:
responsibility of government in every country, city, or state
to ensure, well-structured policies and procedures are put in  To increase level of awareness and enhanced capacity
place for essential waste management. Failure to properly of communities to anticipate, avoid, reduce and survive
mage waste can lead to diseases, soil problems, chemical the threats and impacts of all hazards;
build-ups, and water-borne diseases. Hence it’s essential
 To fully-equip communities with the necessary skills
that through the principle of effectiveness and efficiency,
and capability to face and survive hazards and cope
major agencies and councils do everything possible to
with the impacts of disasters;
reduce waste building up and control dump sites for
garbage.  To increase Disaster Risk Reduction and Management
(DRRM) and Climate Change Adaptation (CCA)
Principle of Proportionality - This refers to striking a
capacity of Local DRRM Councils, Offices and
balance between development and protecting the
Operation Centers at all levels;
environment.
 To develop and implement comprehensive national and
Principle Of Participation - Every citizen, person,
local preparedness and response policies, plans and
government, and the firm has a responsibility to participate
systems; and
in environmental decision-making and protection policies.
 To strengthen partnership and coordination among all
Learn more about the related Laws in Promoting
key players and stakeholders.
Environment Education
BASIC TERMINOLOGIES OF DISASTER
 RA 9003: Ecological Solid Waste Management Act
MANAGEMENT
of 2000
 Disaster Risk Reduction/ Disaster Risk Reduction
 RA 8749: Philippine Clean Air Act
Management
 RA 9275: Philippine Clean Water Act  Hazard  Recovery
 Risk  Rehabilitation
NSTP 3  Vulnerability  Reconstruction
 Capacity  Development
DISASTER RISK REDUCTION AND
 Response  Mitigation
MANAGEMENT
 Relief  Preparedness
The Philippines is one of the most natural hazard-prone  Prevention
countries in the world. The social and economic cost of Hazard – a threat that has a potential to damage you
natural disasters in the country is increasing due to 2 types of hazard
population growth, change in land-use patterns, migration,
unplanned urbanization, environmental degradation and Anthropogenic – man made hazard
global climate change.
Natural hazard – made by environment
R.A.10121 - An act strengthening the Philippine disaster
Disaster – once hazard interact with risk it will damage
risk reduction and management system, providing for the
you and the society
national disaster risk reduction and management framework
and institutionalizing the national disaster risk Disasters are serious disruptions to the functioning of a
reduction and management plan, appropriating funds community that exceed its capacity to cope using its own
thereof and for other purposes resources. Disasters can be caused by natural and man-
made.
Deped order 55 series of 2008 – disaster happens
everytime Classification of Disaster
  Geophysical – made by below the earth

 Hydrophysical – hazard driven by water

 Meteorological – hazard driven by weather

 Biological – driven by epidemic/ pandemic

Risk – once that there is a hazard and exposure the higher Oversight and Implementation
you’ll have risk, possible damage because of the hazard

Vulnerability – talks about the location, construction of

infrasture you have and inability to withstand the disaster

Capacity – ability to cope up when there is a disaster

because of the resources and infrastracture that we have

PHASES OF DRR (DISASTER RISK REDUCTION)

AND MANAGEMENT – is invented for us to reduce and
lessen the possible impact of disasters

Before disaster

 Mitigation – Prevention of anticipated emergencies or

minimizing their impact; action taken most especially
the government to reduce or eliminate the risk of DOST – Department of Science and technologies
disaster to people (prevention and mitigation)
Prevention – action to lessen the possible the disaster DILG – department of interior and local gov’t –
 Preparedness – preparation to address an emergency; preparedness
action taken before the disaster for us to know on what
to do during disaster DSWD – department of social welfare and fevelopment –
response
3 purpose why we need to prepare
NEDA – national economic development authority –
1. To inform recovery
2. To advice
3. To instruct OVERSIGHT AND IMPLEMENTATION

During and after the disaster One barangay affected – barangay disaster risk reduction
and management committee
 Recovery – recovering in the short, intermediate and
long term from an emergnency; action that we do to 2 or more brgy. – municipal disaster risk reduction and
return the community to normal condition. management office
 Response – responding efficiently and safely to an
More than 2 municipal – provincial disaster risk
emergency; goal is to save lives; action taken before,
reduction and management
during and after the disaster
More than 2 province – regional disaster risk reduction
3 activities
and management council
1. Damage assessment
More than 2 regions – national disaster risk reduction and
2. Needs analysis
management
3. Loss assessment

Geographic Profile of the Philippines

Type 1 – two pronounced season, dry from November to

April and wet during the rest of the year. Maximum rain
period is from June to September.

Type 2 – no dry season with a very pronounced maximum

rain period from December to February. There is not a
single dry month. Minimum monthly rainfall occurs during
the period of March to May.

Type 3 – no very pronounced maximum rain period with a

dry season lasting only from one to three months, either
during the period from December to February or from
March to May. This type resembles type 1 since it has a
short dry season.

Type 4 – rainfall is evenly distributed throughout the year.

This type resembles type 2 since it has no dry season.

Disaster Risk Profile and Disaster Risk Management

Framework of the Philippines: Natural Disasters