MSK

Name Description +=
Ortolani’s Click heard/felt with hip Developmental hip dysplasia
reduction
Barlow’s Femoral head slips away from Developmental dysplasia of the
acetabulum hip
Galeazzi’s or Allis sign Knee height is uneven DDH
Gower’s maneuver Has to use hand/arms to walk Muscular dystrophy
up body to stand up from
squatting
Fat pad/sail sign Shows up on xray resembles a Posterior=kids=condylar fx
sail for a boat Posterior=adults=radial head
Adam’s sign Forward bend spinal test Scoliosis
Kernig’s sign Pain w/ 90 degree flexion of Meningitis or subarachnoid
legs hemorrhage
Brudzinski’s sign Neck involuntarily flexes w/ Meningitis
knees
McMurray’s test Knee clicks when raised and Meniscus injury
rotated then straightened
Lachman’s test Drawer test- doesn’t move += moves forward= ACL injury
forward
Apley’s grind test Knee flexed 90 degrees rotate Decreased/limited ROM or pain
leg laterally/medially
Straight leg rise Pain w/ raising leg straight while Herniated disc/sciatica
supine
Pelvic rock test Rotate SI joint while pressing on Pain= SI joint
anterior superior iliac spines inflammation/compression
Finkelstein’s test Holding thumb and ulnar De Quervain’s tenosynovitis
deviate hand sharply towards
pinky
Homan’s sign Pain in the calf w/ abrupt Possible DVT (no longer
dorsiflexion of foot at the ankle considered diagnostic indicator
for DVT, considered probable
indicator)

Dermatology/Hematology/Cardiology

Name Description +=
Auspitz Plaques bleed w/ scratching Psoriasis
Herald patch + Christmas tree Red spot on truck followed by Pityriasis rosea
Christmas tree like rash on
trunk
Café au lait spots Neurofibromatosis
Howell-Jolly Bodies and Target Sickle cell anemia
cells
Burtonian lines Gums turn thin blue/black line Lead poisoning
 on the border
Kerley B Lines Horizontal lines seen on xray HF
Levine’s sign Clenched fist over the chest CP
Palm sign Palm of the hand over the chest Ischemic CP
Arm sign Touching the left arm with the Ischemic CP
right arm
Pointing sign Pointing to the chest w/ 1 finger Non-ischemic chest sign

HEENT

Name Description +=
Koplick spots White w/ red rings on inside of Rubeola (mumps)
cheeks
Slapped cheek/lacy exanthem Cheeks looked like they were Erythema infectiosum aka 5ths
slapped and has a lacy net like disease
rash
Thumb sign Epiglottis swells, seen on Xray Epiglottitis
Steeple sign Trachea tapers on front view Croup
xray
Chvostek’s sign Face contracts when facial Hypocalcemia
nerve is tapped
Dix-Hallpile or Nylen- Barany Vertigo and nystagmus present Benign paroxysmal vertigo
maneuver when head moves quickly when
supine w/ head 30 degrees
lower than table and turned to
side at 45 degrees
Romberg test Eyes closed feet together, arms Neuro impairment/cerebellar
at side, test balance function
Finger-to-nose test Point from examiner’s finger to Cerebellar
their nose function/impairment/stroke
Myerson’s sign/Glabellar tap Tap between eyebrows above Parkinson’s disease
sign bridge of nose causes blink
response
Babinski’s sign Big toe extended when other >2 years old is CNS disorder ALS,
toes fan out when sole of foot brain tumor/injury, meningitis,
touched MS, spinal cord injury/defect,
stroke, etc).
Battle sign Bruising behing the ears Bad head/brain injury

Women’s & Men’s Health

Name Description +=
Goodwell’s sign Cervix softens Indicates pregnancy
Chadwick’s sign Cervix/vagina and labia turn Pregnancy
blue
Hegar’s sign Cervicouterine junction Pregnancy
 softenes
Prehn’s sign Pain relief w/ lifting scrotum Epididymitis
Blue dot sign Tender nodule that’s blue on Testicular torsion
upper pole of testicle
Cremaster reflex Stroke inner thigh and scrotum Doesn’t occur= testicular
elevates torsion

GI

Name Description +=
McBurney’s point RLQ pain when pressing in 1/3 Appendicitis
between superior iliac spine and
umbilicus
Cullen’s sign Blue discoloration or edema at Pancreatitis/ruptured ectopic
umbilicus pregnancy/internal bleeding
Grey Turner’s sign Blue discoloration on flank Pancreatitis
Murphy’s sign Pain w/ inspiration while Cholecystitis
palpating under costovertebral
angle on RUQ
Psoas Sign RLQ pain w/ raising the right leg Appendicitis
Obtrurator sign Pain w/ flexed right thigh and Appendicitis
internal rotation
Rovsing’s sign Fancy word for rebound Appendicitis
tenderness