PHYSICS 2 SA 1.

3 ANSWERS

Part 1: Image Analysis: (12 points)

Directions: Examine the images below and answer the questions. Write your answer on the provided answer sheet.

1. The image below shows the motion graphs of an oscillating mass attached to a spring. Write the equation as a
function of time for each graph. (Scoring: 3 points – 1 point for each graph)

Source (image-modified): https://pressbooks.online.ucf.edu/p%20hy2053bc/chapter/simple-harmonic-motion-a-special-periodic-motion/

ANSWER:
A) 𝑥 (𝑡) = 𝑋 𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝜔𝑡 or 𝑥 = 𝑋 𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝜔𝑡
B) 𝑣 (𝑡) = −𝑋𝜔 𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝜔𝑡 or 𝑣 = −𝑋𝜔 𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝜔𝑡
C) 𝑎 (𝑡) = −X 𝜔2 𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝜔𝑡 or 𝑎 = −X 𝜔2 𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝜔𝑡

2. The image below shows a spring-mass system in different situations (a, b & c). Describe the velocity and
acceleration for each situation of the spring-mass system. (Scoring: 3 points – 1 point for each situation)

Source (image-modified): https://math.libretexts.org/Courses/Monroe_Community_College/MTH_225_Differential_

Equations/06%3A_Applications_of_Linear_Second_Order_Equations/6.01%3A_Spring_Problems_I
ANSWER:
(a) velocity: zero (0); acceleration: -maximum
(b) velocity: +/- maximum; acceleration: zero (0)
(c) velocity: zero (0); acceleration: +maximum
3. The image below shows the different positions, S, R, L, and P of a simple pendulum. At which position/s, the simple
pendulum has the: (Scoring: 3 points – 1 point for each correct answer)

teacher-made image
a) GREATEST kinetic energy?
b) LOWEST potential energy?
c) half percentage for both kinetic and potential energy?

ANSWER:
a) position R
b) position R
c) position L

4. The image below shows four simple pendulums of different lengths. Supposed the angle from the equilibrium to
which they will be released is the same for all of them, which pendulum will have the: (Scoring: 3 points – 1 point
for each correct answer)

teacher-made image

a) LONGEST period?
b) SHORTEST period?
c) Rank the periods of the four simple pendulums in an increasing order.

ANSWER:
a) A
b) D
c) D, B, C, A
Part 2: Problem Solving. (37 points)
Directions: Read carefully and answer the questions below. Express your final answer in the correct significant figure
and unit (symbol). Write your answer on the provided answer sheet.

SCORING RUBRIC:
Given and Unknown/s: 1 point (complete and correct)
0.5 point (partial)
Equation and Solution: 3 points for each unknown (complete and correct)
(1 point – equation & 2 points – solution)
1 point for each unknown (partial)
Final Answer: 1 point (correct – significant figure & unit)
0.5 point (incorrect significant figure and/or unit)

1. A spring-mass system composed of a 350-g mass is attached to a spring with a stiffness constant of 0.57 N/m.
Calculate the system’s angular frequency?

ANSWER:
Given and Unknown:
𝑚 = 350 𝑔 = 0.35 𝑘𝑔
𝑘 = 0.57 𝑁/𝑚

𝜔 =?
Equation and Solution:

𝑘
𝜔= √
𝑚

0.57 𝑁/𝑚
𝜔= √
0.35 𝑘𝑔
𝜔 = 1.276 𝑟𝑎𝑑/𝑠
Final Answer:
𝜔 = 1.3 𝑟𝑎𝑑/𝑠 (2 SF)

2. A 1550-g metal block is attached to a spring with a spring constant of 75.0 N/m. Solve for the maximum
displacement the block can have if the spring is neither stretched nor compressed at time t = 0 s and the block
is moving at a speed of 5.25 m/s.

ANSWER:
Given and Unknown:
𝑚 = 1550 𝑔 = 1.55 𝑘𝑔
𝑘 = 75.0 𝑁/𝑚
𝑣𝑚𝑎𝑥 = 5.25 𝑚/𝑠

𝐴 =?
Equation and Solution:
vmax = A𝜔
𝑣𝑚𝑎𝑥 𝑚
𝐴= = 𝑣𝑚𝑎𝑥 √
𝜔 𝑘
1.55 𝑘𝑔
𝐴 = (5.25 𝑚/𝑠) √
75.0 𝑁/𝑚
𝐴 = 0.7547 𝑚
Final Answer:
𝐴 = 0.755 𝑚 (3 SF)
3. A spring-mass system consists of a 1.25-kg metal block and a massless spring. The position as a function of
time is given by the equation:
𝑥 (𝑡) = 1.17 𝑚 𝑐𝑜𝑠 (3.08 𝑟𝑎𝑑/𝑠 )𝑡]
At t = 1.25 s, find the:
a) period;
b) spring constant;
c) speed of the mass;
d) acceleration of the mass.

ANSWER:
Given and Unknown:
𝑚 = 1.25 𝑘𝑔
𝐴 = 1.17 𝑚
𝜔 = 3.08 𝑟𝑎𝑑/𝑠
𝑡 = 1.25 𝑠

a) 𝑇 =?
b) 𝑘 =?
c) 𝑣 (𝑡) =?
d) 𝑎 (𝑡) =?
Equation and Solution:
a)
2𝜋
𝑇=
𝜔
2𝜋
𝑇=
3.08 𝑟𝑎𝑑
𝑠
𝑇 = 2.039 𝑠

b)
k = 𝜔2m
k = (3.08 rad/s)2 (1.25 kg)
k = 11.858 N/m

𝑐)
𝑣 (𝑡) = −𝐴𝜔 𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝜔𝑡
𝑣 (𝑡) = −(1.17 𝑚)(3.08 𝑟𝑎𝑑/𝑠) 𝑠𝑖𝑛 (3.08 𝑟𝑎𝑑/𝑠)(1.25 𝑠)
𝑣 (𝑡) = 2.34 𝑚/𝑠

d)
𝑎 (𝑡) = −𝐴𝜔2 𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝜔𝑡
𝑎 (𝑡) = −(1.17 𝑚)(3.08 𝑟𝑎𝑑/𝑠)2 𝑐𝑜𝑠 (3.08 𝑟𝑎𝑑/𝑠)(1.25 𝑠)
𝑎 (𝑡) = 8.43 𝑚/𝑠 2
Final Answer:
a) 𝑇 = 2.04 𝑠 (3 SF)
b) k = 11.9 N/m (3 SF)
𝑐) 𝑣 (𝑡) = 2.34 𝑚/𝑠 (3 SF)
d) 𝑎 (𝑡) = 8.43 𝑚/𝑠 2 (3 SF)
4. A simple pendulum has a length of 1.15 meters with a 0.10-kg metal ball attached to it. The ball is displaced by
a small angle of 5.0° from its equilibrium position and, after being released, undergoes simple harmonic motion.
Find the magnitude of the restoring force responsible for the motion

ANSWER:
Given and Unknown:
𝑚 = 0.10 𝑘𝑔
𝐿 = 1.15 𝑚
𝜃 = 5.0°
g = 9.8 m/s2

𝐹𝑠 =?
Equation and Solution:
𝐹𝑠 = mg sin 𝜃
𝐹𝑠 = (0.10 kg) (9.8 m/s2) sin 5.0°
𝐹𝑠 = 0.085 N
Final Answer:
𝐹𝑠 = 0.085 N (2 SF)

5. What must be the length of a simple pendulum oscillating on Earth in 1.25 s?

ANSWER:
Given and Unknown:
𝑇 = 1.25 𝑠
g = 9.8 m/s2

𝐿 =?
Equation and Solution:
𝐿
T = 2𝜋√𝑔
𝑔𝑇 2
L=
4𝜋2
2
9.8 𝑚/𝑠2 (1.25 𝑠)
L=
4𝜋2
L = 0.3879 m
Final Answer:
L = 0.388 m (3 SF)