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12 views5 pages

exercices_W1_1_corr

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peiyu.21
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Transmission Electron Microscopy for Material Science

Lesson 1.1: History, constituents of TEM -


Answers
Exercise 1.1.1

Classically:
1
eU = m0 v 2
2
r
2eU
v=
m0
h h h
λ= = =√
p m0 v 2m0 eU
Relativistically:
1
γ=q
2
1 − vc2
p
γ2 − 1
v=c
γ
p
p = γm0 v = m0 c γ 2 − 1
K = eU = (γ − 1)m0 c2
eU
γ= +1
m0 c2
r r r r
eU 2 eU 2eU eU p eU
p = m0 c 2
+2 2
= m0 c 2
1+ 2
= 2m0 eU 1 +
m0 c m0 c m0 c 2m0 c 2m0 c2
h 1
λ= √ q
2m0 eU 1 + eU 2
2m0 c

1
Transmission Electron Microscopy for Material Science

At 200 kV, λ = 2.51 pm

2
Transmission Electron Microscopy for Material Science

Exercice 1.1.2

3
Transmission Electron Microscopy for Material Science

1st case: The image is real. The magnification is < 1 as the distance between the object
and the front focal point is larger than f the focal length of the lens.

2nd case: The image is real. The magnification = 1 as the distance between the object
and the front focal point is equal to f .

3rd case: The image is real. The magnification is > 1 as the distance between the object
and the front focal point is smaller than f .

To obtain a very large magnification, one has to bring the object closer to the front fo-
cal plane of the lens.

Note: Whenever you are working with ray diagrams in the following lessons, your drawings
must be clear and precise. The lines must be straight and continue after the image.

4
Transmission Electron Microscopy for Material Science

Exercice 1.1.3

The image is virtual because the object is between the lens and its focal point F. Note that
a virtual image cannot be projected on a screen or recording device. Hence in TEM, the last
image projected on the CCD or the viewing screen has to be real.

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