MATHEMATICS

LESSON -1 SETS

1) If A = {(x, y) : x2 + y2 = 25} and B { (x, y) : x2 + 9y2 =144}, then A∩ B contains:

a) one point

b) three points

c) two points

d) four points

ANS:- d

EXPLANATION:- x2+ 9y2=144

2 2
x y
 + =1
144 16
2 2
x y
 2
+ 2 =1
(12) (4)
2 2
x + y =25

x + y =52
2 2

2) If A ={a, b}, B ={c, d}, C ={d, e}, then :

{(a, c), (a, d), (a, e), (b, c),(b, d), (b, e)} is:

a) A ∩ (B ∪C)

b) A ∪ (B ∩C)

c) A Χ (B ∪C)

d) A Χ (B ∩C)
ANS :- c

EXPLANATION:- (B ∪C)={c, d} ∪ {d, e}={c, d, e}

∴ A × ( B ∪ C )= { a , b } ×{c , d , e }

= {(a, c),(a, d),(a, e),(b, c),(b, d),(b, e)}

Thus (c) is correct answer.

3) In a city 20 percent of the population travel by car, 50 percent travels by bus

and 10 percent travels by both car and bus. Then persons travelling by car or

bus is:

a) 80 percent

b) 40 percent

c) 60 percent

d) 70 percent

ANS:- c

EXPLANATION:- We have: n(C)=20, n(B)=50, n( C ∩ B)=10

Now, n(C ∪ B) =n(C)+n(B) - n( C ∩ B)

= 20+50-10 = 60

4) Two finite set have m and n elements. The total number of subsets of the first

set is 48 more than the total number of subsets of the second set. The values

of m and n are:

a) 7, 6

b) 6, 3

c) 6, 4
 d) 7, 4

ANS:- c

EXPLANATION:- By the question,

2m -2n =48=16×3=24 ×3

 2n (2m-n-1) =24 ×3

 n=4,2m-n =4=22  m - n =2

 m – 4 =2  m= 6

Hence m=6, n=4

5) A class has 175 students. The following data shows the number of students

obtaining one or more subject. Mathematics 100, Physics 70, Chemistry 40;

Mathematics and physics 30 ; Mathematics and chemistry 28 ; Physics and

chemistry 23 ; Mathematics, physics and chemistry 18. How many students

have offered Mathematics alone?

a) 35

b) 48

c) 60

d) 22

ANS:- c

EXPLANATION:- n(Mathematics alone)

=n(M alone)

=n(M) – n(M∩ P ¿−n ( M ∩C )+ n(M ∩ P∩ C)

=100 – 30 – 28 +18
 =118 – 58 =60

6) If two sets A and B are having 99 elements in common, then the number of

elements common to each of the sets A × B∧B × A is :

a) 299

b) 992

c) 100

d) 18

ANS:- b

EXPLANATION:- n( ( A × B ) ∩( B× A ))

=n( ( A ∩ B ) × ( B ∩ A ) )

=n( A ∩ B ) ×n ( B ∩ A )

=99× 99=99 2

7) Consider n(U)=20, n(A) =12,n(B)=9, n(A∩ B ¿=4 ,where U is the universal set ,

A and B are subsets of U, then n(( A ∪ B¿ ¿ c) =

a) 17

b) 9

c) 11

d) 3

ANS:- d

EXPLANATION:- n ( A ∪ B )=n ( A )+ n ( B ) −n ( A ∩B )

= 12+9-4 = 17
∴n¿
 = 20 – 17 =3

8) If r, s, t are positive numbers and p, q are positive integers such that LCM of p,

q is r2 t4 s2 , then the number of ordered pairs (p, q) is:

a) 252

b) 254

c) 225

d) 224

ANS:- d

EXPLANATION:- Reqd. no. of ordered pairs (p, q)

= (2 ×3−1¿ ( 2 ×5−1 ) (2 ×3−1 )−1

=5 ×9 × 5−1=225−1=224

9) The set S={1,2,3, ……………………….,12} is to be partitioned into three sets A,B,C

of equal size. Thus,

A ∪ B∪ C=S , A ∩ B=B ∩C=A ∩C=∅ .

The number of ways to partition S is:

12!
a) 3! ¿ ¿

b) 12!
¿¿

c) 12!
¿¿
12!
d) 3! ¿ ¿

ANS:- b
EXPLANATION:- Number of ways =
12! 8!
= 4 ! 8 ! × 4 ! 4 ! ×1

= 12!
¿¿

10) If A, B and C are three sets such that A∩ B= A ∩C∧ A ∪ B= A ∪C , then:

a) A=B

b) A=C

c) B=C

d) A ∩ B=∅

ANS:- c

EXPLANATION:- A ∪ B= A ∪ C

 n ( A ∪ B )=n (A ∪ C)

 ( A ) + n ( B )−n( A ∩ B)

=n ( A ) +n ( C )−n (A ∩C)

n ( B )=n ( C ) [∵ A ∩ B=A ∩C]

B=C

11) Let S = {1,2,3,4}. The total number of unordered pairs of disjoint subsets of S is

equal to :

a) 25

b) 34

c) 42

d) 41
ANS:- d

EXPLANATION:- Here S= {1,2,3,4}

Let P andQ be disjoint subsets of S

a i ∈ P∧ai ∉Q

a i ∉ P∧ai ∈Q

a i ∉ P∧ai ∉Q

We have three option for each element.

∴ Total number of options = 34 = 81

Which include the case when P ∩Q=∅

81−1
Removing the order of P and Q, the total number = 2 + 1

= 40+1 = 41

12) Let P = {θ : sinθ−cosθ=√ 2 cosθ }∧¿

Q = {θ : sinθ+ cosθ=√ 2 sinθ}be two sets. Then :

a) P⊂ Q∧Q−P ≠∅

b) Q ⊄ P
c) P ⊄ Q
d) P = Q

ANS :- d

EXPLANATION:- Here P = {θ : sinθ−cosθ=√ 2 cosθ }

∴ sin θ−cosθ=√ 2 cosθ

 tan θ−1=√ 2  tanθ=√ 2+1

And Q= {θ : sinθ+ cosθ=√ 2 sinθ}

 ∴ sinθ+ cosθ=√2 sinθ

 tanθ +1=√ 2 tanθ  ( √ 2−1 ) tanθ=1

1
 tanθ=
√ 2−1
√2+1 =√
2+1
=√ 2+ 1
=
( √ 2−1 ) ( √ 2+1) 2−1

Hence P = Q

13) Let X = {1,2,3,4,5}. The number of different ordered pairs (Y, Z) that can be

Formed such that Y ⊆ X , Z ⊆ X∧Y ∩ Z is empty , is:

a) 52

b) 35

c) 25

d) 53

ANS :- b

EXPLANATION:- Here Y ⊆ X∧Z ⊆ X .

Let a∈ X .Then we have the following possibilities :

(I ) a ∈Y , a ∈ Z ( II ) a∉ Y , a ∈ Z

( III ) a ∈Y , a ∉ Z ( IV ) a ∉Y , a ∉ Z .

We require Y ∩Z =∅ .

Then (2) , (3) are the possibilities.

∴ Y ∩ Z=∅ has 4 chances f ∨a .

5
∴ Reqd . number of chances=3 ×3 ×3 ×3 × 3=3

14) If A and B are two sets, then A ∩( A ∪ B)c equals:

 a) A

b) B

c) ∅

d) none of these

ANS:- c

EXPLANATION:- A ∩( A ∪ B)c = A ∩( A c ∩ B c )

¿ ( A ∩ A c ) ∩ Bc =∅ ∩B c =∅

15) If A and B are two sets, then A ∩( A ∪ B) equals:

a) A

b) B

c) Ac

d) Bc

ANS:- a

EXPLANATION:- A ∩ ( A ∪ B )= A

16) If A = {1,3,5,7,9,11,13,15,17}, B = {2,4,…………..,18}

And N is the universal set,then Ac ∪((A ∪ B)∩ Bc ) is:

a) A

b) N

c) B

d) none of these

ANS:- b

EXPLANATION:- We know that ( A ∪ B ) ∩ B c =A

 c
∴A ∪¿

17) If A, B, C are three sets, then A A ∩ ( B ∪ C ) equals :

a) ( A ∪ B¿ ∩( A ∪ C)

b) ( A ∩ B ) ∪( A ∩C)

c) ( A ∪ B ) ∪ ( A ∪C )

d) None of these

ANS:- b

EXPLANATION:- A ∩ ( B ∪ C )= ( A ∩ B ) ∪( A ∩ C)

18) Two finite sets have m and n elements. The total number of subsets of the

first set is 56 more than the total number of subsets of second set.The value

of m and n are:

a) 7, 6

b) 6, 3

c) 5, 1

d) 8, 7

ANS:- b

EXPLANATION:- 2m- 2n = 56  m = 6, n= 3

19) If A = {1,2,3,6,11,18,21}, B = {5,7,9} and N is the universal set, then

A ∪(( A ∪ B) ∩ B ) equals :
c c

a) A

b) B

c) N
 d) N – A

ANS:- c

EXPLANATION:- ( A ∪ B ) ∩ B c =( A ∩B c ) ∪ (B ∩ Bc )

=( A ∩ Bc ) ∪∅ =A ∩B c

∴ A c ∪ ( ( A ∪ B ) ∩ Bc ) =A c ∪ ¿

¿ ( A c ∪ A ) ∩ ( A c ∪ Bc )
c
¿ N ∩ ( A ∩B )
c
¿ N ∩∅ =N ∩ N=N

20) Consider the set of all determinants of order 3 with entries 0 or 1 only. Let B

be the subset of A consisting of all determinants with value 1. Let C be the

subset of the set of all determinants with value – 1. Then:

a) C is empty

b) B has as many elements as C has

c) A=B ∪ C

d) B has twice as many elements as C has

ANS:- b

EXPLANATION:- Since the interchange of two rows( columns) changes the sign of

the value of the determinant,

'
∴ corresponding ¿ each element ∆ of B there is an element ∆ ∈C ,

Which is obtained by interchanging adjacent rows(columns).

Thus n ( B ) ≤n ( C )

similarly n ( C ) ≤ n ( B )
 Hence n ( B )=n ( C )

21) In a certain town 25% families own a phone and 15% own a car, 65% own

Neither a phone nor car. 2000 families own both a car and a phone.

Consider following statements in this regard:

1) 10% families own both a car and a phone

2) 35% families own neither a car nor a phone

3) 40000 families live in town

Which of the above statement are correct?

a) 1 and 2

b) 1 and 3

c) 2 and 3

d) 1,2 and 3

ANS:- b, c

EXPLANATION:- We have :n(P) = 25%, n(C) = 15%

n ( Pc ∩C c ) =65 % , n ( P ∩C ) =2000.

Now n ( Pc ∩C c ) =65 % ⇒ n¿
⇒ n ( P ∪ C )=35 %

Now n ( P ∪ C ) =n ( P )+ n ( C ) −n ( P ∩C )
⇒ 35=25+15−n ( P ∩C )

⇒ n ( P ∩C )=40−35=5 %

But n ( P ∩C )=2000
∴ 5 % of total 2000
 2000 ×100
∴ Total n o .of famalies= =40000
5

since ( P ∪ C )=35 %∧total number of families=4000

¿ ( P ∩C )=5 %

∴ ( b ) ∧( c ) are correct

22) In a class of 100 students, 55 students have passed in Mathematics and 67

student have passed in physics. Then the number of students who have

passed in physics only is:

a) 22

b) 33

c) 10

d) 45

ANS:- d

EXPLANATION:- Here,
n ( M )=55 , n ( P )=67 ,n ( M ∪ P )=100

∴ n ( M ∪ P ) =n ( M )+ n ( P )−n ( M ∩ P )

⇒ 100=55+67−n ( M ∩ P )

⇒ n ( M ∩ P )=122−100=22

∴ n ( P only )=n ( P )−n( M ∩ P)

= 67 – 22 = 45

23) Let A = {( x , y ) : y=e x , x ∈ R},B = {(x,y): y = x, x∈ R } Then:

a) B⊆ A

b) A⊆ B
 c) A∩ B=∅

d) A∪ B= A

ANS:- c

EXPLANATION:- y= ex and y = x
x
⇒ e =x ⇒ no x ∈ R

Hence A ∩ B=∅

24) If A ={∅ ,{∅ }}, then the power set of A is:

a) A

b) {∅ , {∅ } , A }

c) {∅ , { ∅ } , { { ∅ } } , A }

d) none of these

ANS:- c

EXPLANATION:- Power set of A =∅ , {∅ } , { { ∅ } } , A }

25) In a college of 300 students, every student reads 5 newspapers and every

Newspaper is read by 60 students. The number of newspaper is:

a) at least 30

b) at most 20

c) exactly 25

d) none of these

ANS:- c
x
EXPLANATION:- If x be the number of newspapers, then 5 ×60=300⇒ x=25