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Csc301 Chapter 4-1 Menus

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36 views32 pages

Csc301 Chapter 4-1 Menus

Uploaded by

muhaiminhaziq25
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Create menus and submenus for

program control
CHAPTER 4:
MENUS Display and use the windows common
dialog boxes
MENU SYSTEMS

 A menu system is a collection of commands organized in one or more drop-down


menus
 Commonly used when an application has several options for the user to choose from

 The menu designer allows you to visually create a custom menu system
 For any form in an application
COMPONENTS OF A MENU
SYSTEM

 Each drop-down menu has a menu name


 Each drop-down menu has a list of actions or
menu commands that can be performed
 Some commands may lead to a submenu
 Actions may be performed using a key or key
combination called a shortcut key
 A checked menu command toggles between the
checked (if on) and unchecked (if off) states
 A separator bar helps group similar commands
MENUSTRIP CONTROL

 A MenuStrip control adds a menu to a form


 Double-click on the MenuStrip icon in the Menus
& Toolbars section of the Toolbox
MENUSTRIP CONTROL

 The MenuStrip control is displayed in the component tray (bottom of


Design window)
 A MenuStrip can have many ToolStripMenuItem objects:
 Each represents a single menu command
 Name property - used by VB to identify it
 Text property – text displayed to the user
HOW TO USE THE MENU
DESIGNER

 Select the MenuStrip Control


 The menu designer appears on the form in
the location that the menu system will
appear
TOOLSTRIPMENUITEM
OBJECT NAMES
 It is recommended that you change the
default value of the Name property so that
it
 Begins with the mnu prefix
 Reflects the Text property and position in
the menu hierarchy
 mnuFile
 mnuFileSave
 mnuFilePrint
 mnuFileExit
SHORTCUT KEYS

 Combination of keys that cause a menu


command to execute
 Ctrl + C to copy an item to the clipboard
 Set with the ShortcutKeys property
 Displayed only if the ShowShortcut property is
set to True
CHECKED MENU ITEMS

 Turns a feature on or off


 For example, an alarm for a clock

 To create a checked menu item:


 Set CheckOnClick property to True

 Set Checked property to True if feature


should be on when the form is initially
displayed
If mnuSettingsAlarm.Checked = True Then
MessageBox.Show("WAKE UP!")
End If
CHECKED MENU ITEMS
 A menu item is grayed out (disabled) with the
Enabled property, for example:
 Paste option is initially disabled and only enabled after
something is cut or copied
 Code initially disables the Paste option
DISABLED MENU
 mnuEditPaste.Enabled = False
ITEMS
 Following a cut or copy, Paste is enabled
 mnuEditPaste.Enabled = True
Disabled

DISABLED MENU ITEMS


SEPARATOR BARS

Right-click Menu
Or type a hyphen
item, select Insert
(-) in the menu
then select
item
Separator

A separator bar
will be inserted
above the menu
item
Separator Bar

SEPARATOR BARS
SUBMENUS

 When selecting a menu item in the


menu designer, a Type Here box
appears to the right
 Begin a submenu by setting up
this menu item
 If a menu item has a submenu, a
solid right-pointing arrow will
be shown
INSERTING, DELETING, AND REARRANGING MENU ITEMS
 To insert a new menu item
 Right-click an existing menu item
 Select Insert then MenuItem from pop-up menu
 A new menu item will be inserted above the existing menu item

 To delete a menu item


 Right-click on the item
 Choose Delete from the pop-up menu
 Or select the menu item and press the Delete key

 To rearrange a menu item


 Simply select the menu item in the menu designer and drag it to the desired location
TOOLSTRIPMENUITEM CLICK EVENT
 Menus and submenus require no code
 Commands must have a click event procedure
 Double-click on the menu item
 Event procedure created in the Code window
 Programmer supplies the code to execute
 Suppose a menu system has a File menu with an Exit command named
mnuFileExit
Private Sub mnuFileExit_Click(...) Handles mnuFileExit.Click
' Close the form.
Me.Close()
End Sub
COMMON DIALOG BOXES

▪ predefined standard dialog boxes e.g. opening files, saving files, and selecting
fonts and colors
▪ use common dialog control that can be found in the Toolbox window
(OpenFileDialog, SaveFileDialog, FontDialog, and ColorDialog)
▪ cannot resize
▪ location doesn’t matter, invisible when program runs (appear in component tray
atdesign time)

18
OPENFILEDIALOG CONTROL
▪ open a file either specify the filename(code) or require
user to enter the path and filename
▪ displays a standard WindowsOpen
dialog box
• ability to browse for a file to open
• naming : ofd (e.g. ofdOpenFile)

19
OPENFILEDIALOG CONTROL
▪ Displaying an Open Dialog Box
▪ displaying by calling ShowDialog()
• general form: ControlName.ShowDialog()
• E.g. : ofdOpenFile.ShowDialog()
▪ input validation (whether user has selected file or
not) using:
• Windows.Forms.DialogResult.OK
• Windows.Forms.DialogResult.Cancel
• E.g.:

20
OPENFILEDIALOG CONTROL

▪ The FilterProperty
• specifies type of files visible using Filter property
• E.g. :
*.txt (only text files are
displayed)
*.doc (only Microsoft word
files are displayed)
▪ can set the filter in Property
Window or using coding
• E.g.:

21
OPENFILEDIALOG CONTROL

▪ The InitialDirectory Property


▪ specifiy initial directory for open dialog box using
InitialDirectory property
▪ when dialog box displayed, it
shows the contents of the initial
directory
• can set in Property Window:
• using coding :

22
OPENFILEDIALOG CONTROL

▪ Using the Open Dialog Box to Open a File


▪ putting everything together in a code
• Filter, InitialDirectory, Title properties, display Open
dialog box, retrieve the filename entered, and open the
file

23
SAVEFILEDIALOG CONTROL

▪ displays a standard Windows Saveas


dialog box
• give users ability to browse their disks
and choose location to save the file
• naming : sfd (e.g. sfdSaveFile)
▪ properties same as OpenFileDialog
control

24
SAVEFILEDIALOG CONTROL
▪ Displaying and Combining All Properties
▪ displaying by calling ShowDialog()
• general form: ControlName.ShowDialog()
• E.g. : sfdSaveFile.ShowDialog()
▪ coding for input validation and combining
properties:

25
COLORDIALOG CONTROL

▪ displays a standard Windows


Color dialog box
▪ the dialog box will expands
if user clicks Define Custom
Colors
▪ found in the ToolboxWindow
• invisible at runtime, appears
only in the component tray
at design time
• naming : cd (e.g. cdColor)

26
COLORDIALOG CONTROL

▪ displays a Color dialog box using ShowDialog method


• e.g. : cdColor.ShowDialog( )
▪ hold value to be used with control properties for designate color such as
ForeColor, BackColor
• e.g. :

• this coding displays the Color dialog box and then sets the text color based
on user choices

27
COLORDIALOG CONTROL
▪ default initial color is black
▪ if want to change the initially selected
color, set in the Color property or using
coding
• Color property :
• Coding :

‘ set the initially selected color same as lblMessage ForeColor

28
FONTDIALOG CONTROL
▪ displays a standard Windows
Font dialog box
▪ Two (2) types :
• Default Font dialog box
• Font dialog box with colorchoice
▪ found in the ToolboxWindow
• invisible at runtime, appears only in
the component tray at design time
• naming : fd (e.g. fdFont)

29
FONTDIALOG CONTROL

▪ displays a Font dialog box using ShowDialog


method
• e.g. : fdFont.ShowDialog( )
▪ by default –does not allow toselect color
▪ color is controlled by ShowColor
property
• True –appears with color drop-down list
• False– default Font dialog box

30
FONTDIALOG CONTROL
▪ Hold value representing the font settings selected by user
• e.g. coding - display Font dialog box and sets lblMessage font as selected by
user:

• OR displays a Font dialog box with drop-down list of color, sets lblMessage
font and color as selected by user

31
END OF SUBTOPIC … MENUS

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