Philippine Christian University

College of Education

Science,
Technology and
Society
 Schedule

Wednesday (online) -9:00-10:30 AM

Saturday (F2F) -9:00-10:30 AM

NAB___
 Grading System

Written Tasks 25 %
Performance Tasks 25 %

Attendance 10 %

Major Exam 40 %

NOTE: CUMULATIVE AVERAGING

 Classroom Policies

1. Read the syllabus

carefully.
 Classroom Policies

2. You are expected to come to

class prepared.
 Classroom Policies

3. In this course, attendance is essential. You

will be doing a number of activities
individually or collaboratively. Absent
students will be responsible for finding out
what material was covered and what
assignments were made. No make-up
quizzes and tasks will be given unless a valid
reason is presented e.g. due to sickness.
 Classroom Policies

4. You are allowed a maximum of 20% of total

class contact hours e.g. for a course with 54
contact hours, a student is allowed to have 10.8
hours absences or equivalent to seven absences
(for a 1.5 hour class) or 3 absences (for a 3 hour
class). Note, however, every two lates will
equate to 1 absence.
 Classroom Policies

5. All assignments, projects etc. should be

handed in on or before the stated deadline
during class time, unless specified
otherwise. Late submissions of deliverables
will be given no credit. However, do not be
afraid to ask for an extension for
assignments, projects etc.
 Classroom Policies

6. All tasks are requirements, not optional. If you

do not submit any of the required deliverables,
you will get no grade.
 Classroom Policies

7. To avoid disruption of our class, please

turn off (or switch to silent mode) your
mobile phones and electronic gadgets.
Please do not display these as well during
class hours. You are neither allowed to make
and answer calls, nor read or send text
messages during class hours.
 Data Privacy

8. Strictly, no posting of video performances or

outputs of your classmates in social media. Posting or
sharing of personal data (e.g., photos, videos, etc.) on
social media must always have a legitimate purpose.
Such purpose, along with the type of personal data
involved, often determines whether or not the consent
of affected data subjects is necessary prior to such
posting or sharing.
 Data Privacy

9. Do not share publicly our recorded

classes or sessions or making them available
on public platforms (e.g., social media,
school website, etc.). It must adhere to the
principles of Legitimate Purpose and
Proportionality.
 Data Privacy

10. Respect others’ privacy. Don’t give your

classmate’s personal email address, mobile numbers
etc. without permission.
 Plagiarism and Cheating

11.Be responsible of protecting your work from being

used dishonestly.
 Plagiarism and Cheating

12. Keep track of sources and learn how to cite

properly. If you paraphrase or summarize what
someone else said, you still have to attribute this
information to them. You are responsible for correctly
citing all ideas, phrases, and passages taken from other
authors wherever they occur in your work, even in
drafts of your papers. Failure to do so is plagiarism, a
violation of the academic honesty policy
 Plagiarism and Cheating

13.Cheating during examination is a major offense.

A student who cheats during examination
automatically gets a zero score.
 Plagiarism and Cheating

14. Plagiarism and cheating are considered major

offenses in the academic community. Penalty for
plagiarism and cheating ranges from disciplinary
probation to suspension or as indicated in the
Students Manual. A plagiarized work will receive a
grade of zero.
MS. ALLYZA C. GUERIBA, MSC, LPT

ALLYZA C. GUERIBA

[email protected]
 Philippine Christian University
College of Education

Introduction to Science,
Technology and Society
Philippine Christian University
College of Education

https://www.menti.com/aldzzm61oerb
 SCIENCE
• The observation, identification,
description, experimental
investigation, and theoretical
explanation of natural phenomena

- American Heritage Dictionary of the English

Language(2004)
 SCIENCE
• An ongoing theoretical dialogue
with nature, in which scientists have
developed successively more
powerful models to account for a
wider range of phenomena

-Snir, et al. (2023)

 SCIENCE
• An intellectual as well as a social
activity carried out by humans in
their pursuit to have a better
understanding of the natural world

Gribbin (2003)
 SCIENCE

1. Its is an idea
2. It is a personal and societal activity
3. It is a course or field of study
4. It is an intellectual activity
TECHNOLOGY
• Applied science.
• A body of knowledge and skills
by which we control and modify
the world
• A total societal enterprise.
 SOCIETY
A group of people with common
interests, traditions, purpose and/or
activity.
INTERCONNECTIONS OF SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY, AND
SOCIETY
Historical Antecedents
in which Social
Considerations
Changed the Course of
Science and
Technology
A. IN THE WORLD B. IN THE PHILIPPINES
- Pre Spanish and
- Ancient Period
Spanish Colonial Era
- Medieval Period
- Post-Commonwealth
- Scientific Revolution Era
- Filipino Scientists
 A. IN THE WORLD
• ANCIENT PERIOD (C.A 3000 B.C. – 500 A.D.)

Socrates
• Greek philosopher and the main source of Western
Thought
• His “Socratic Method” laid the groundwork for
Western Systems of logic and philosophy
• Socrates always emphasized the importance of the
mind over the relative unimportance of the human
body
• He claimed to be ignorant because he had no ideas,
but wise because he recognized his own ignorance
• “The more I know, the more I do not know.”
• “An unexamined life is not worth living”
 A. IN THE WORLD
• ANCIENT PERIOD (C.A 3000 B.C. – 500 A.D.)

Plato
• was a student of Socrates and a teacher of Aristotle
• founded the Academy in Athens
• Idealist
• His work on the use of reason to develop a more fair and
just society that is focused on the equality of individuals
established the foundation for modern democracy.
• Plato claimed that knowledge gained through the senses
is no more than opinion and that, in order to have real
knowledge, we must gain it through philosophical
reasoning.
• Know yourself
 A. IN THE WORLD
Aristotle
• Focus on systematic concept of
logic
• Objective was to come up with a
universal process of reasoning
that would allow man to learn
every conceivable thing about
reality.
• Realist
• The golden mean: Living a moral
life is the ultimate goal.
 A. IN THE WORLD
MEDIEVAL PHILOSOPHY (C.A 500 –
1500)
• For most medieval scholars, who believed that God
created the universe according to geometric and
harmonic principles, science – particularly geometry
and astronomy – was linked directly to the divine.
• To seek these principles, therefore, would be to seek
God.
Origen of Alexandria
• One of the earliest and most important Christian
scholars.
• Firmly believed that the knowledge of the good (God) is
itself enough to remove all taint of sin and ignorance
from souls.
St. Anselm – defended the existence of God thru reason
St. Augustine – Such a being, he argued, must really exist,
for the very idea of such a being implies its existence. – De
Trinitate
 SCIENTIFIC REVOLUTION

• Era of enlightenment and intellectualization that

nurtured the developments in mathematics, physics,
astronomy, biology (including human anatomy), and
chemistry transformed societal views about nature.
• It modernizes the understanding and practices of
science and gave birth to scientific processes and
experimentation.
 A. IN THE WORLD

Sigmund Freud

Charles Darwin
NICOLAUS COPERNICUS
b. In the Philippines

• PRE-SPANISH ERA
• Even before the colonization by the Spaniards in the Philippine islands, the
natives of the archipelago already had practices linked to science and
technology
• They already had an alphabet, number system, a weighing and measuring
system and a calendar.
• Filipinos were already engaged in farming, shipbuilding, mining and
weaving.
• Filipinos were already aware of the medicinal and therapeutic properties of
plants and the methods of extracting medicine from herbs
• The Banaue Rice Terraces are among the sophisticated products of
engineering by pre-Spanish era Filipinos.
b. In the Philippines
• SPANISH COLONIAL ERA
• The colonization of the Philippines contributed to growth of science and
technology in the archipelago
• The Spanish introduced formal education and founded scientific institution
• During the early years of Spanish rule in the Philippines. Parish schools were
established where religion, reading, writing, arithmetic and music was taught.
• Sanitation and more advanced methods of agriculture was taught to the
natives.
• Later the Spanish established colleges and universities in the archipelago
including the oldest existing university in Asia, the University of Santo Tomas
b. In the Philippines
• AMERICAN PERIOD
• The progress of science and technology in the Philippines continued
under American rule of the islands.
• On July 1, 1901 The Philippine Commission established the Bureau of
Government Laboratories which was placed under the Department of
Interior.
• The Bureau replaced the Laboratorio Municipal, which was
established under the Spanish colonial era. The Bureau dealt with the
study of tropical diseases and laboratory projects.
• On October 26, 1905, the Bureau of Government Laboratories was
replaced by the Bureau of Science and on December 8, 1933, the
National Research Council of the Philippines was established.
b. In the Philippines
• POST COMMONWEALTH ERA
• During the 1970s, which was under the time of Ferdinand Marcos' presidency,
the importance given to science grew.
• Under the 1973 Philippine Constitution, Article XV, Section 1, the government's
role in supporting scientific research and invention was acknowledged.
• In 1974, a science development program was included in the government's
Four-Year Development Plan which covers the years 1974- 1978.
• Funding for science was also increased.
• The National Science Development Board was replaced by the National Science
and Technology Authority under Executive Order No. 784. A Scientific Career in
the civil service was introduced in 1983.
b. In the Philippines
• FILIPINO SCIENTISTS
• 1. Adelina Adato Barrion
• - Was a Filipino entomologist and
geneticist whose extensive contribution
to the study of Philippine spiders earned
her the moniker "Asia's Spider Woman,”
although she also contributed
significantly to the study of other
species, and to the study of genetics in
general
b. In the Philippines
• FILIPINO SCIENTISTS
• 2. Eduardo Quisumbing
• - Filipino botanist, was a noted expert in
the medicinal plants of the Philippines.
• - He was author of more than 129
scientific articles
• - Served as the Director of the National
Museum of the Philippines, where he
rebuilt the Herbarium.
• - The plant "saccolabium quisumbingii" is
named in honor of Eduardo Quisumbing
b. In the Philippines

•FILIPINO SCIENTISTS
3. Angel C. Alcala
•- A Filipino biologist who was
named a National Scientist of
the Philippines in 2014.
•- He had created the artificial
coral reefs that help a lot to
the Philippines' aquatic
ecosystem.
b. In the Philippines
• FILIPINO SCIENTISTS
4. Ramon Cabanos Barba
• - A Filipino inventor and horticulturist best
known for inventing a way to induce more
flowers in mango trees using ether and
potassium nitrate. Barba was proclaimed
a National Scientist of the Philippines in
June 2014.
• - National Scientist on the Discovery of the
Mango Flower Induction Technology and
the Research Process
b. In the Philippines

•FILIPINO SCIENTISTS
5. Dr. Lilian F. Patena
- Develops tissue culture for
garlic.
b. In the Philippines
• FILIPINO SCIENTISTS
• 6. Fe Villanueva del Mundo
• - Was a Filipino pediatrician.
• - The first woman admitted as a student of
the Harvard Medical School, she founded
the first pediatric hospital in the
Philippines.
• - Credited with studies that lead to the
invention of an improved incubator and a
jaundice relieving device.
 Philippine Christian University
College of Education

INTELLECTUAL
REVOLUTIONS THAT
DEFINED SOCIETY
COPERNICAN REVOLUTION
NICOLAUS COPERNICUS
(1473-1543)
• Astronomer who contradicts the
Geocentric Model and proposed
the Heliocentric Theory where
planets revolve around the sun.
• Polyglot and polymath
• Dē revolutionibus orbium
coelestium (On the Revolutions of
the Celestial Spheres)
COPERNICAN REVOLUTION
The change from the belief of geocentric to heliocentric happened
through the contributions of other important persons such as:

• Brahe’s observation of the star Cassiopeia

• Kepler stated that the planets move in elliptical orbits and the
sun at the center
• Galileo Galilei developed telescope and observed Venus
• Isaac Newton’s law of gravitation
DARWINIAN REVOLUTION
CHARLES DARWIN (1809-1882)

• English naturalist, geologist and

biologist. Best known for his
contributions to the science of evolution
• Formulated his book “On the Origin of
Species” in 1859 that presented evidence
on how species evolved over time and
“The Descent of Man” in 1871 that
introduced the idea of all organic life
under the realm of revolutionary
thinking.
 Darwin proposed the theory of evolution by natural selection where
organisms change overtime as a result of changes in heritable physical or
behavioral traits. The changes that allow an organism to better adapt to its
environment can help it survive and have more offspring.
DARWINIAN REVOLUTION

There are 2 main points in his theory:

1. All life on Earth is connected and related to each other.

2. This diversity of life came about because of the

modifications in populations that were driven by natural
selection.
FREUDIAN REVOLUTION

SIGMUND FREUD (1856 – 1939)

• Austrian neurologist who founded
psychoanalysis.
• He described that the brain can be
segmented into compartments.
• He developed an observational method to
study human's inner life mainly focuses on
human sexuality and evil nature of man.
 References:

• Prieto, N. G., Vega, V. A., Felipe, E. F., & Meneses, J. L. (2019).

Science, Technology and Society. Lorimar Publishing, INC.
• Calimlim, J. C. (2023). Science, Technology and Society 2nd Edition. Edric
Publishing House
• Alata, E.J.P., Calano, M.J.T. (2021). Science, Technology and Society. Rex
Bookstore, Inc.
Philippine Christian University
College of Education

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