Habit and Habitat
Polar ice caps
e.g,Polar bear
Deserts
e.g, Camel
Habit and Habitat
Forest
e.g, Lion
Dark caves
e.g, Bat
Habit and Habitat
Grassland
e.g, Horse
Mountains
e.g, Mountain goat
Some of them are adapted to Fly
e.g. Pteropus (Flying fox)
Live in water
e.g. Dolphin
Live in water
e.g. Whale
HEAD
BODY DIVISIONS
NECK
TRUNK
TAIL
Skin
Skin of mammals is unique in possessing HAIR.
Skin
Skin of mammals is thick and glandular. So many types of
glands are present in the skin as sweat glands, sebaceous
glands and mammary glands. (Mostly modified sweat glands)
Skin is thick, water proof, and glandular.
Oil
sebaceous glands
sweat glands
Sweat
The most unique mammalian character is the presence of milk
producing glands (MAMMARY GLANDS) by which the young ones
are nourished.
Exoskeleton Provide Protection
Horns on head Nail on digits Claws or hoof
LIMBS
Two pairs of limbs (Forelimbs – 1 pair and hindlimbs – 1 pair)
Adapted for burrowing
LIMBS
Two pairs of limbs (Forelimbs – 1 pair and hindlimbs – 1 pair)
Adapted for walking
LIMBS
Two pairs of limbs (Forelimbs – 1 pair and hindlimbs – 1 pair)
Adapted for Running
LIMBS
Two pairs of limbs (Forelimbs – 1 pair and hindlimbs – 1 pair)
Adapted for Climbing
Adapted for flying
Adapted for swimming
Adapted for swimming
Digestive system
Alimentary canal is complete, with mouth and anus.
Anus and urinogenital apertures are separate.
Cloaca is usually absent. But present in some
mammals for example Duck billed platypus.
Muscular Diaphragm
A horizontal, muscular diaphragm is present in between thorax and
abdomen ( Without any exception).
Thoracic cavity
Muscular
Diaphragm
Abdominal
cavity
Circulatory system
• Heart is four chambered.
• Only left aortic (systemic) arch present
Circulatory system
Double circulatory system is present.
Circulatory system
RBCs small, circular and enucleated
(except : Family Camilidae-Lama and Camel which has oval
RBCs)
Endoskeleton
Endoskeleton is bony and skull is dicondylic.
ENDOSKELETON
Neck has 7 cervical vertebrae
ENDOSKELETON
Ribs are bicephalic
Excretory organs
One pair of kidneys
Located in abdominal cavity
Excretory matter - urea
Nervous System
Brain is comparatively large and highly developed
A special structure is present for the connection of both the
Cerebral hemispheres of brain, that is called corpus - callosum.
Corpus callosum is absent in
Monotremes Marsupials
(e.g, Duck billed platypus) ( e.g, Kangaroo)
Cranial nerves
12 - pairs in number
Cerebrum
very complex
in structure
Cerebellum
EAR
External e.ar or pinnae are present.
Middle ear has three ear ossicles-Malleus, Incus and Stapes.
Internal ear has cochlea which is highly coiled
External ear Cochlea
(Pinna)
Ear ossicles
Reproductive system
In males, testes are extra abdominal i.e. present in scrotum.
Copulatory organ -----PENIS ----- in males.
PENIS
TESTES IN
SCROTUM
Reproductive system
OVARIES are found in females
OVARY
Mammals are unisexual animals.
Reproductive system
Fertilization is internal and it takes place in FALLOPIAN TUBES.
Embryonic development
Embryo is developed in uterus.
UTERUS
PLACENTA
Embryo is attached to the uterus of mother by placenta, hence
these animals are also called placental mammals. Placenta
helps in the nutrition, respiration and excretion of embryo .
PARENTAL CARE
PARENTAL CARE is well marked in mammals.
Mother feeds the child by milk secreted by her mammary glands.
Mammals are viviparous (which give birth to their young ones) with few
exception e.g, Duck billed platypus.
POISON GLANDS ARE
FOUND IN MALE PLATYPUS
ANIMAL Ornithorhynchus (Duck billed platypus)
OVIPAROUS/
Oviparous (Egg laying mammal)
VIVIPAROUS
PINNA Absent
CORPUS
Absent
CALLOSUM
CLOACA / ANUS Cloaca present
FOUND IN AUSTRALIA
ANIMAL Macropus (Kangaroo)
OVIPAROUS/
Viviparous
VIVIPAROUS
PINNA Present
CORPUS
Absent
CALLOSUM
CLOACA / ANUS Anus present
ANIMAL Pteropus (Flying fox)
OVIPAROUS/
Viviparous
VIVIPAROUS
PINNA Present
CORPUS
Present
CALLOSUM
CLOACA / ANUS Anus present
ANIMAL Balaenoptera (Whale)
OVIPAROUS/
Viviparous
VIVIPAROUS
PINNA Absent
CORPUS
Present
CALLOSUM
CLOACA / ANUS Anus present
Hair Absent
Camelus(Camel)
Panthera leo(Lion)
Panthera tigris (Tiger)
Macaca (Monkey)
Elephas (Elephant)
Canis Felis
(Dog) (Cat)
Rattus (Rat)
Equus (Horse)
Delphinus (Dolphin)
𝐐𝐮𝐞𝐬𝐭𝐢𝐨𝐧𝐬
Question
01
Which of the following animal has poison glands?
(1) Male Platypus
(2) Female lizard
(3) Male rabbit
(4) Male rat
Answer (1) Male Platypus
Question
02
External ear pinna is found in:-
(1) Reptiles
(2) Mammals
(3) Amphibians
(4) Fishes
Answer (2) Mammals
Question
03
Respiratory organs of whale are:-
(1) Book lungs
(2) Lungs
(3) Gills
(4) Skin
Answer (2) Lungs
Question
04
Character found only in mammals:-
(1) Homeothermy
(2) Viviparity
(3) Dicondylic skull
(4) Muscular diaphragm
Answer (4) Muscular diaphragm
Question
05
A trait found in all mammals :-
(1) Muscular diaphragm
(2)Mammary glands
(3) 4 chambered heart
(4) All of these
Answer (4) All of these
Question
06
Select the incorrect matching:
(1) Kangaroo – Macropus
(2) Blue whale – Balaenoptera
(3) Monkey – Macaca
(4) Camel – Elephas
Answer (4) Camel – Elephas
Question
07
Which of the following is an aquatic mammal ?
(1) Panthera tigris
(2) Balaenoptera
(3) Pteropus
(4) Macropus
Answer (2) Balaenoptera
Question
08
Which one of the following is oviparous?
(1) Platypus
(2) Flying fox (Bat)
(3) Elephant
(4) Whale
Answer (1) Platypus
Question
09
Type of teeth in mammals are
(1) Heterodont , Thecodont , Diphyodont
(2) Homodont , Thecodont , Diphyodont
(3) Heterodont , Thecodont , Polyphyodont
(4) Homodont , Thecodont , Polyphyodont
Answer (1) Heterodont , Thecodont , Diphyodont
Question
10
Which of the following is not the feature of mammals?
(1) Ear pinna
(2) Muscular diaphragm
(3) Animals are poikilothermal
(4) Hair on body
Answer (3) Animals are poikilothermal
