Scribd
Upload
9 views

Electric Current and Simple Circuits

Science

Uploaded by

deemaabdulkadir14
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
9 views

Electric Current and Simple Circuits

Science

Uploaded by

deemaabdulkadir14
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 4

16.

Electric Current and Simple Circuits

Electric bell:

An electric bell is based on the principle of magnetic effect of current. A


horseshoe type of electromagnet is used in an electric bell which is
connected to the source of current through a switch. In addition to the
electromagnet, the electric bell has a metallic gong, a hammer to strike
the gong and a screw attached to a soft iron strip (armature). Whenthe
button is pressed, the circuit becomes complete. Current starts flowing
and thus the electromagnet attracts the iron rod. The hammer gets
attracted to the gong and strikes itto produce a ringing sound.

MCB

MCB (miniature circuit breaker) is used in addition to or in place of an


electric fuse in household circuits. MCB is a switch that automatically
trips down if the current flowing through it exceeds the prescribed
maximum limit. Thus, it prevents damage or fire.

Cell and battery

Battery Cell
 Batteries hold their charge for  Cells lose their charge over
long periods of time. time , even if they are not in
use.
 A battery is a primary  A cell is a secondary
generator. generator.
 Stacks are limited by their size.  Cells are limited by the number
of charges they can handle.

Open and Closed Circuits

When the switch is off, the circuit is broken and current does not flow
through it. Such a circuit is called an open circuit.

When the switch is on, the circuit is closed. The current will flows
through it. Such a circuit is called a closed circuit.

Heating effect of Current

 Cross-sectional area: Thinner the wire, more is the heating effect


and vice versa.

 Time: Larger the time for which the electric current flows, more is
the heating effect.
 Current: Greater the magnitude of current, more is the heating
effect.

Making an electromagnet

Take an iron nail and wrap a conducting wire around it as a coil. Then
connect the two ends of the wire to a source of electric current and
allow current to pass through it.
You will observe that an iron nail behaves like a magnet with its two
ends acting as north and south poles. If an iron clip is brought near its
end, it gets attracted to it.

Magnetic effect of electric current

If we change the conditions, it affects the nature of deflection in the


needle:

 If the direction of the current is chnaged by reversing the


connections of the cell, it is observed that the needle gets deflected
in the opposite direction.

 If the amount of current is increased by adding one more cell in the


circuit, it is observed that the angle of deflection increases indicating
that the magnetic power increases with the increase in the amount
of current.

Symbol of components in an electric circuit

Name of the Component Symbol


Cell

Battery

Switch off

Switch on

Bulb
Volmeter

Ammeter

You might also like