Handbook for Reading Practice

1. Letters
2. Vowels & Consonants
3. Letters Sounds
4. Find short vowel sound method
5. Find long vowel sound method

6. Vowels Family
a. Vowel Digraph
b. Vowel Trigraph & quadgraph
c. Spit Digraph
7. Consonants Family
d. Consonant Blends
e. Consonants Digraph

8. Glued Words
9. Sight Words
10. Silent Letters
11. Syllables
12. Reading Practice
Prepared by
A. Mahalingam
B. T Asst , Anaikulam
 1. Letters

1. Capital Letters:

A B C D E F G

H I J K L M N

O P Q R S T U

V W X Y Z

2. Small Letters:

a b c d e f g

h i J k l m n

o p q r s t u

v w X y z

3. Cursive Letters:
 2. Vowels & Consonants

Vowels - 5 ( ):

A E I O U Y

Consonants- 21 ( ):

B b H h N n T t Z z

C c J j P p V v

D d K k Q q W w

F f L l R r X x

G g M m S s Y y

Letter Y –

1. Semi Vowel- ஑ Vowel ஆ

2. Consonant- ஑

Consonant ஆ
 3. Letters Sounds

a. Vowels -5

A E I O U Y

Vowel Letters Sound .

1. Short Vowel Sounds

2. Long Vowel Sounds

Letters No of Sounds Short Vowel Sounds Long Vowel Sounds

A 4 ... , அ, ஆ, ஋ ஌

E 3 இ, ஋ ஈ

I 2 இ ஍

O 2 அ ஏ

U 4 அ, உ, ஊ யூ

Y 2 , ஍

 ஑ Vowel Letter Open Vowel

ஆ . Vowel
Letter ஐ Long Vowel Sound . Long Vowel Sound
஑ .
(a-ஏ, e-ஈ, i-ஐ, o-ஒ u- ) Example - gate, cute, me, see,
 ஑ Consonant Letter Closed Vowel
ஆ . Vowel
Letter ஐ Short Vowel Sound .
Example – Met, sit, cut, but
A Word end with open vowel- Long Vowel Sound

A Word end with Closed Vowel – Short Vowel Sound

Closed Open closed Open Closed Open

Sl Sl Sl
Vowel Vowel Vowel Vowel Vowel Vowel

1 at Ate 11 din Dine 21 Or ore

2 bat Bate 12 fin Fine 22 Pan pane

3 bit Bite 13 fat Fate 23 Rag rage

4 car Care 14 for Fore 24 Rid ride

5 cut Cute 15 hat Hate 25 Rip ripe

6 cap Cape 16 hit Hide 26 Sit site

7 con Cone 17 hug Huge 27 She shed

8 Cot Cote 18 mad made 28 Tap tape

9 cod Code 19 mat Mate 29 Tub tube

10 cop Cope 20 not Note 30 Us use

 b. Consonants -21

Consonant
Sl Sounds
Letter Tips
1 b ப்
C+ –
க்
2 c ச் C+ –

3 d ட்

4 f ஃப்
g+ –
5 g க், ஜ்
g +e, i –
6 h ஹ்

7 j ஜ்

8 k க்

9 l ல்

10 m ம்

11 n ன்

12 P ப்

13 q க்

14 r ர்

15 s ஸ்

16 t ட்

17 v வ்

18 w வ்
 19 x க்ஸ்

20 y ய் Vowels sounds ஈ ஐ
ஸ்
21 z

Letter C:

1. Letter C - a, o, u ( k ) Sound ஐ .

Car, cost, cap, cable, cross, catch, cruel, cold

2. Letter C - E , i , y ( sh ) Sound ஐ .

Center, since, voice, city, pencil, cider, fancy, juicy, cylinder

Letter g :

1. Letter g - a, o, u ( g ) Sound ஐ .

Gap, gas, grass, goat, goose

2. Letter g - E , i , y ( J ) Sound ஐ .

Gel, germ, general, giant, ginger

Letter X :

1. Letter X ஆ ( Z ) Sound ஐ .

zXylophone

2. Letter X ( X ) Sound ஐ .

Mix, fix, wax

 4. Short Vowel Sound
Short Vowel (Closed Vowel) :

1. ஑ Vowel (VC)

At, up , it , in, on, of

2. Consonant :(CVC)

Cup, sit, pin, mix, mat, letter

3. ஑ Vowel ,

Consonants Vowel ஐ short Vowel Sound

Pumkin , chapter, sudden, tremble,

4. ஑ vowel short vowel sound

Letter, pumpkin, chapter, pocket

5. Ck :

sick, stuck, back, duck, package, pocket

6. dge :

bridge,fridge, gadget, pledge

7. Double Consonant :

Tell , cross, grass, cliff, cross, buzz

( all Long Vowel Sound . Ball, call, tall )

8. Double Consonant :

Current, bottom, kennel, hottest, tapped, beginner

9. Double Consonant letter a :

Apply, address, assist, attempt, annoy, assess, attend

 5. Long Vowel Sound
Long Vowel (Open Vowel) :

1. Vowel

He, she, go , be, we

2. Spilit digraph or Magic E

Ate, rate, theme, bite, robe, tube

3. Vowel Team or Vowel Digraph

Mail, beast, meet, meat, speed, high, day, load, few

4. Letter y

Shy, try, buy, bony, mostly

5. vowel ஑ consonant vowel ஐ Long vowel sound

Rotate, minus, humid, basic item , unit, evil, able, about

7. vowel consonant vowel ஐ short vowel sound

Fabric, insect, problem, helmet, enjoy

8. Prefix long vowel sound

Preview, beside, protest, define, defend, bypass

9. Find Gold Rule ( i,O )

One syllable word Letter i . (i 2 or 3 consonant )

Find, kind, design, bind , Christ, high, mild, grind,

(ck, ch, sh, th short vowel sound )

Catch, match, rich, fish, wash, cash, with, smith, birth, lick

10. One syllable word Letter O .(O 2 or 3 consonant )

Gold, old, post, roll, both, told, comb, most, roll

(ck, ch, sh, th short vowel sound )

Lock, clock, jock, sock, stock, closh, frosh, plosh

 Long Vowel Sound ஍ கண்டறியும் வழிமுறறகள்:
(a-஌ e-ஈ i- ஍ o - ஏ u-யூ)
8 ways to spell long A 8 ways to spell long E 6 ways to spell long I vowel
vowel Sound vowel Sound Sound
Long A Long E Long I
Sl Example Sl Example Sl Example
ஏ ஈ ஐ
1 A able 1 E equal 1 i lion

2 a-e cake 2 e-e scene 2 i-e bike

3 ai main 3 Ee see 3 igh Light

4 ay day 4 Ea leave 4 y Sky

5 ei vein 5 Y baby 5 y-e Type

6 ea great 6 Ei receive 6 ie Pie

7 eigh eight 7 Ie priest

8 ey obey 8 Ey money

5 ways to spell long O 5 ways to spell long U 7 ways to spell long oo

vowel Sound (யூ) vowel Sound (ஊ) Sound
Long O Long U
Sl Example Sl Example Sl Long oo ஊ Example
ஒ
1 O go 1 U unit 1 U Duty

2 o-e Home 2 u-e huge 2 u-e Rule

3 Oa boat 3 Ew Few 3 Ew Knew

4 ow show 4 Eu Feud 4 oo Zoo

5 oe toe 5 Ue Value 5 Ue Blue

6 ou Group

7 ui Fruit
 6. Vowel Digraphs

Vowel Digraph

sl Digraph Sound Example Words

aim, main, rain, pain, train, brain, paint, paid, mail, claim,
஋ய் aid, ailment, daily, dairy, daisy, rail, raid,, raisin, fail,
maid, wail, waist, faint, maintain
1 ai ஋...
air, fair, hair, lair, pair, chair, stair, fairy (ai க்கு பிறகு r
வய௃ம்பபோது ஋... sound )

஋ again, said

ஆ half, calm, calve, palm

2 al
ஏ talk, walk, chalk , stalk

அ dollar, vinegar, nectar, cellar

ஆ arm, car, dark, farm

3 ar
஋ய் area, mary, parent, vary

ஏ war, dwarft, wart, wardon

4 ae ஋ய் gaelic, Israel, reggae,

 ஋

ஈ Aeon, algae

அய் maestro,

cause, audio, saucer, August, aunt, laugh, draught, fault,

vault, caugh, pause, laud, Aauthor, auto, autumn,
5 au ஆ
auction, audit, aunt, aural, authentic, launch, laundry,
haunt
claw, crawl, dawn, draw, saw,awful, away, paw, lawyer,
6 aw ஆ
straw, law, paw
஋ய் pay, play, delay, stay, layer, bay, clay, gray, day, lay, way,
7 ay
/஌ may, say, flay, bray, tray
sea, seat, cheap, tea, beat, feat, peak, neat, read, weak,
ஈ team, meat, read, dream, clean, beach, eat, meal, wheat,
each, east, eager, seat
head, dead, thread, feather, bread, earth, learn, deaf,
8 ea health, wealth, lead, dread, tread, spread, instead,
஋
weather, leather, feather, pleasant , breath, heaven ,
heavy, sweat, weapon
hear, bear, dear, pear, ear, fear, near, clear, real, rear,
இய
gear, year
see, bee, feet, tree, three, coffee, cheese, geese, green ,
9 ee ஈ
meet, sheep, sleep, free, beep

ஈ receive, seize, protein, ceiling, preceive, deceive

10 ei
஋ய் weigh, weight, sleigh, beige, feint, veil, vein, reign, heist

11 er
12 eu ஏ

blew, chew, flew, grew, brew, threw, drew, crew, threw,

ஊ
screw, strew, jew (j,l,r க்கு பிறகு ew வய௃ம்பபோது ஊ sound )
13 ew
யூ dew, few, new, nephew

key, honey, monkey, monkey, donkey, abbey, kidney,

இ turkey, galley, alley, valley, jockey, hockey, barley,
14 ey chutney, chimney

஋ய் hey, prey, they, obey

belief, chief, field, thief, shield, achieve, piece, niece,

ஈ
liege, siege, shield, yield, believe, grieve, grief, brief, thief
15 ie
஍/
cried, flies, pie, die, lie, satisfied
அய்

16 ir bird, chirp, dirt, girl

எ soar, boar, roar,

17 oa boat, coat, float, goat, loat, soap, toast cloak,toad, soak,

boast, board, boar, load, loaf, loan, loath, coach, coat,
ஏ
coal, moat, hoard, road, goal, goat, soar,roan, roach, roar,
roast

18 oe ஏ doe, goes, joe, tomatoes,

ஆய்/
19 oi ஏய்
oil, foil, point, coins, join, avoid, boil, soil

food, room, too, balloon , moon, shoot, soon, spoon,

20 oo ஊ boot, tooth, bloom, loot, tool, roof, boom, boon, boot,
goose, noodle, pool, loop, hoof
 book, cook, foot, wood, good, look, took , hook, shook,
உ
brook, chook ( oo க்கு பிறகு k, d வய௃ம் பபோது உ sound)

அ blood, flood

ஏ poor, door, floor, moor, boor ( oo க்கு பிறகு r வய௃ம் பபோது எ sound)

21 or ஆ born, cork, for, horse

four, fourteen, pour, soul, shoulder, mould, boulder ,

ஏ
court, mourn, sour
sound, out, bounce, cloud, fountain, house, count, loud,
found, mouse, doubt, mouse, shout, spouse, about,
எள
aloud, bounce, council, counter, fountain, round, sound,
22 ou south
cousin, touch, rough, young, cough, country, double,
அ
nourish, young
group, soup, you, through, tour, coupon, courier, wound,
ஊ
youth
allow, cow, flower, how, owl, bowl, down, now, brown,
எள clown, bow, brow, plow, fowl, howl, prowl, growl, clown,
23 ow brown, drown, crown
arrow, blow, grow, thrown, flow, low, below, follow,
எ
window, know, snow, show, allow, grow

24 oy ஆய் boy, joy, enjoy, annoy, oyster, toy, alloy, destroy, loyalty

யூ argue, cue, rescue, venue, value

25 ue
உ blue, clue, glue, true, flue
 இ build, biscut, circuit,
26 ui
ஊ fruit, juice, bruise, cruise

27 ur அர் burn, fur, hurt, nurse

஍/
28 uy அய்
Buy , huy, guy, rebuy, foreguy

஍/
29 ye அய்
dye, bye, rye, goodbye

30 cei சீ ceiling, deceive, conceit, receive, receipt, deceipt

31 cia ஶிய appreciate, depreciation

Trigraph Words

Sl Trigraph Sound Example Words

1 air அர் chair, fair, hair, stair

2 are ஏ bare, care, glare, hare

badge, bridge, fridge, edge, hedge, judge, lodge,

3 dge
fudge, fridge, porridge

4 ear இயர் beard, disappear, hear, spear, near, dear,

5 eau chateau, gateau, plateau

beer, cheer, deer, jeer,leer, peer, seer, veer,

6 eer இயர்
sheer

7 eir heir, heirloom, their

8 ere இயர் here, sincere, atmosphere

9 ier இயர் tier, fierce, pier, cashier

bright, high, light, right, sigh, night, flight, thigh,

10 igh ஍
high, tight, bright, right, might

11 oar ஒ boar, board, roar, soar

12 oor ஒ door, floor, moor

13 ore ஒ chore, more, store, wore

14 oul clould, should, would, could

15 our ஒ course, four, mourn, your

catch, batch, hatch, kitchen, pitch, ditch, sketch,

16 tch ட்ச்
fetch, match, witch,

17 ure பயோர் cure, sure, lure, endure

 quadgraph Words

Sl Quadgraph Sound Example Words

caugh, daughter, naughty, taught, laugh, draught,

1 augh ஆஃப்
slaughter, Aught, fraught
eight, freight, weigh, neighbour, height, sleight,
2 eigh ஋ய்
eighteen

3 though,

bought, drought, plough, dough, though, bought,

4 ough ஆஃப்
fought, enough

6 ngue ங் tongue, dengue, langue, oxtongue, cangue

anxious, cautious, delicious, glorious, gracious,

7 ious இயஸ்
infectious, obvious, previous, serious, suspicious
spontaneous, simultaneous, righteous,
8 eous இயஸ் miscellaneous, courteous, courageous,
advantageous
feature, nature, capture, picture, creature,
9 ture ச்சர்
puncture, moisture, posture, adventure
 7. Split Digraph / Magic E

Split Digraph or Maigc E

Sl a-e ஆ e-e ஈ i-e ஐ o-e ஒ o-e (அ) u-e ஊ y-e ஐ

1 Ate Eve bike Home come Cube type

2 Bate These like Phone done Tune hype

3 Cake Scheme mice Bone love Cute style

4 Date Delete shine Note some Flute byte

5 Fake Theme pipe Pole gone June rhyme

6 game Extreme smile Alone Rude bye

7 hate complete price Those Huge dye

8 take Steve prize Stone o-e (உ) Use Lye

9 make Sincere knife Rope lose Pure Rye

10 name Here five Wrote move Cure Byte

11 plate Concede time Broke prove Mute Dyke

12 came Precede nine Episode Fuse Dyne

13 escape phoneme inside Nose Dune skype

14 mistake Swede bride Hole consume

15 taste Recede wide Remote Assume

 8. Consonants Family
a. Consonant Blends
Consonant Blends Consonants

. Consonants Sound

. flower, crash drink, scroll, screen, black

Consonant Blends
Sl Beginning blends Middle Blends Ending Blends Silent Blends
1 Black mister act Write
2 Clip sister fact Wreck
3 Clap founder insect Wreath
4 Clock counter pact Wrong
5 Class mountain select Knee
6 Flag centum tract Know
7 Fly teacher craft Knew
8 Flower increase draft Knot
9 Glass lifting shift Autumn
10 Glitter helper soft Column
11 Gold mascot felt Solemn
12 Plum dimple halt Damn
13 Plug candle salt Climb
14 Plot mutton tilt Comb
15 Sleep duster blunt Lamb
16 Scarf easter front Thumb
17 Scooter thunder pant Cramb
18 Sky maintain hunt Doubt
19 Skip cluster adapt Subtle
20 Snake crept Pledge
21 Spoon kept Dodge
22 Spill frost Design
23 Spider past Align
24 Swing rest What
25 Sweet stand Where

b. Consonant Digraph

 Consonant Digraph Consonants

. Consonants ஑ ஑

Sound ஐ .

o Check, ship, thank, phone, what, write, quick, match, sing, pledge

Consonant Digraphs

sl Digraph Sound Example Words

Babby, bubble, Rabbit, pebble, abbey, ribbon, rubber,

1 bb ப்
wobble, abbot, gibbon

2 bt ட் debt, doubt, subtle, debtor, obtuse, obtest, subtly,

3 bu ப் building, buoy, builder, buildout, buildable, rebuild

account, hiccup, occur, soccer, accepted, accurate,

4 cc க்
accident, accuracy, occasion
ice, bounce, dance, juice, voice, rice, spice, nice, race,
5 ce ஸ்
grace, fence
 scence, cease, cereal, cent, center, cement, celebrate,
ஷ்
spices, princess, bracelet
chick, child, church, much, chain, cheese, champ,
chest, rich, inch, hitch, pitch, witch, pinch, torch,
ச்
touch, fetch, beach, teach, bench, lunch, watch,
match, chin, chair, match
6 c
anchor, christmas, chemistry, school, archid, stomach,
க்
character, scheme, technology, chemical

ஷ் chef, machine, brochure, chalet, parachute, chute,

special, musician, racial, delicious , circuit, citizen,

7 ci ஷ்
circle
clock, duck, sack, lack, pack, back, lick, kick, sick, rock,
8 ck க்
lock, sock, duck, buck, luck, puck, deck, peck, neck
address, ladder, odd, wedding, bidding, toddler,
9 dd ட்
middle, ladder, muddy, saddle, puddle, fiddle
aide, blonde, horde, rode, pride, slide, guide, mode,
10 de ட்
code, parade, rude, tide, hide, fade
budget, dodgy, fidget, badger, bludger, codger, edge,
11 dg ஜ்
edgy, fledgling, gadget,,
closed, rubbed, hugged, called, charmed, planned,
ட் (d)
tired, loved, played
worked, watched, finshed, pushed, passed, kissed,
12 ed ட் (t)
dropped, danced, fixed

஋ட் visted, started, painted, assisted, needed, mended

off, cliff, muffin, cuff, sniff, scoff, whiff, gruff, stuff,

13 ff ஃப்
ruff, huff, puff, coffee, fluffy,, stiff, cliff
 age, large, sponge, barge, huge, page, edge, village,
14 ge ஜ் strange, stage, rage, sage, change, judge, bridge,
fridge
egg, begger, giggle, juggle, smuggle, toggle, nugget,
15 gg க்
goggle, doggy, digger

ஃப் cough, laugh, rough, enough, tough, dough

16 gh
க் ghee, ghost, ghastly, afghan, ghana, ghastly, ghoul

gnaw, gnome, sign, resign, gnome, gnaw, assign,

17 gn ன்
consign, campaign, align, design, foreign
guard, guest, guide, guess, guild, guilt, guitar, guilty,
18 gu க்
gum, gun, guppy, gush, guzzle, disguise

19 kk க் trekking, bookkeeper, stockkeeper, akkum, dekko

knee, kneepad, knot, knit, kneel, knock, knife, knob,

20 kn ன்
know, knight, knuckle, knelt, knap, knack

able, table, cable, circle, uncle, cycle, middle, noodle,

21 le ல்
handle, candle, sniffle, single, angle, eagle
ball, wall, tell, mill, call, bell, hall, shallow, balloon,
22 ll ல்
fall, fill, dull, sell, hill, will, ill, spill, small, chill
comb, numb, tumb, dumb, climb, thumb, crumb, limb,
23 mb ம்
womb, bomb, lamb, plumb
summer, mummy, swimming, grammar, comment,
24 mm ம்
hammer, common, command, comma

25 mn ம் autumn, column, damn, hymn, condemn,

bang, bring, king, sing, song, gang, lung, swing, ring,

26 ng ங்
wing, long, fang, rung, sting, thing, strong,
 annoy, bunny, dinner, tennis, penny, inner, funny,
27 nn ன்
sunny, canny, banner, banned, bennet
cupboard, humpback, flipbook, lapboard, shopboy,
28 pb ப்
soapbark, stopband,
phone, photo, phase, dolphin, phonics, alpha,
29 ph ஃப்
alphabet, graph, ralph, elephant, phrase
apple, apply, happy, upper, puppy, appel, hippo,
30 pp ப்
dippy, cuppy, loppy

31 ps ஸ் psychology, psalm, psycho, psychic

க் conquer, mosquito, torque, plaque, mosque

32 qu
quarrel, conquest, equality, quitetly, frequently,
க்வ
request, quack, queen, liquid

33 rh ர் rhino, rhyme, rhyaphe, rhythm, rhymic, rhymer

array, arrow, berry, burry, occur, carry, currency,

34 rr ர் marriage, terrible, warranty, horrible, terrific,
carriage, surround
school, scout, scowl, scold, scream, scan, scale, scar,
35 sc ஸ்
scarf, scale, score, scoop, scope, scene, scooter
lease, erase, these, noise, raise, house, goose, seal,
36 se ஸ்
seam, seat, horse, mouse, collapse

she, shoe, show, shop, ship, shy, shadow, share, fish,

37 sh ஷ்
dish, cash, smash, thrash, lavish flash, finish

division, revision, explosion, fraction, television,

ஸ்(Z)
invasion, asia
38 si
impression, conclusion, passion, occasion, illusion,
ஸ்(s)
version, extension, mansion, pension, tension
 ஸ்(s) boss, fuss, kiss, blossom, passion, session, mission
39 ss
ஸ்(Z) dessert, possess, scissors, possess, dissolve, hussar

star, stare, stop, stick, stone, step, stamp, stain,

40 st ஸ்
castle, fasten, listen, bristle, stale, stamp, stand

த் thin, think, three, through, thumb, though, month,

(soft) health, both, teeth, thank, bath, sloth
41 th
த் this, that, these, then, with, these, them, rather,
(hard) mother, father, weather, clothes
action, station, mention, initial, caution, affection,
42 ti ஷ்
section, partial, option, invention, portion, caption
attach, attack, attain, attend, better, button, fatty,
43 tt ட்
little, letter, utter, attic, matter, battle
above, alive, brave, clove, curve, improve, receive,
44 ve வ்
involve, leave, achieve, reserve, massive
why, when, what, where, wheel, whale, wheat, while,
வ்
whine, whatever
45 wh
ஹ் who, whose, whole, whose, whoop, whoever

write, wrong, wrote, wrist, wreck, wrath, wring,

46 wr ர்
wrest, wrapping, wrestle, wright, wrangle
amaze, froze, sneeze, minimize, realize, abaze, breeze,
47 ze ஸ்
freeze, legalize, squeeze

48 zz ஸ் buzz, buzzer, dizzy, puzzle, pizza fuzzy, fizzy, sizzle,

 Consonant + le

ble cle dle fle gle Kle ple stle tle Zle
Sl
ப்ல் க்ல் ட்ல் ஃப்ல் க்ல் க்ல் ப்ல் ஸ்ல் ட்ல் ஸ்ல்

1 Able cycle idle rifle angle ankle apple castle title Puzzle

2 Table uncle middle raffle bugle tackle ample bustle little Dazzle

3 Noble circle bundle trifle argle pickle dumple rustle castle Sizzle

4 Amble oracle candle baffle eagle winkle people pestle settle Guzzle

5 Bible article bridle muffle bogle suckle couple nestle gentle Mizzle

6 Cable miracle noodle waffle fugle buckle purple hustle battle Foozle

7 Stable vehicle kindle ruffle single Fickle triple jostle bottle Teazle

8 Enable bicycle windle purfle tangle tickle topple justle subtle Nozzle

9 Unable obstacle handle scuffle mingle tinkle dimple whistle cattle Muzzle

10 Gamble pinnacle needle duffle jungle nickle pimple wrestle kittle Fizzle

11 Rumble chronicle huddle stiffle giggle trickle simple bristle justle Drizzle

12 Jumble spectacle spindle snaffle smuggle crackle sample gristle Shuttle Snoozle

13 Trouble ventricle swindle skiffle swingle twinkle temple apostle westle Frizzle

14 Possible encircle stradle caffle struggle sprinkle nipple wartle Whistle Swizzle

15 Visible clavicle wheedle piffle triangle sparkle example thistle Subtitle Zizzle
 9. Glued Words

Glued words

2 , 3 ஋ழுத்துக்கள் பசர்ந்து சிறியதோக Vowel sound ஍ மோற்றும் முறறஆகும்

All an am ang ing ong Ung ank ink onk Unk

sl
ஆல் ஆன் ஆம் ஆங் இங் ஆங் அங் ஆங்க் இங்க் ஆங்க் அங்க்

1 Airball fan jam bang wing along Hung bank sink monk Bunk

2 Airfall can blam sang ring long Rung tank pink bonk Sunk

3 Ashball scan clam rang bring wrong Sung thank think honk Crunk

4 Ball man dram fang thing song Lung prank wink bronk Flunk

5 Baseball pan exam hang king strong Clung rank link chonk Junk

6 Becall ran flam gang swing belong Strung drank drink clonk Dunk

7 bookstall van galm pang sing among Flung stank blink donk Trunk

8 Catchfall mean gram cang sting bong Slung crank brink plonk Plunk

9 coverall began loam dang filling drong Swung blank shrink stonk Shrunk

10 deadfall clean pram fang holding flong Young frank stink wonk Stunk

11 dwall jean ream gang telling prong Brung plank rink zonk Drunk

12 Fall dean slam tang working wrong Fung flank bink tronk Chunk
 10. Sight Words

Sl No Words Sl No Words Sl No Words Sl No Words

1 I 26 May 51 As 76 Inside
2 We 27 Might 52 After 77 Outside
3 you 28 Must 53 Across 78 Since
4 He 29 Need 54 Against 79 Of
5 She 30 Ought 55 Among 80 Off
6 It 31 Used 56 At 81 On
7 they 32 Dare 57 because 82 Out
8 Am 33 What 58 Before 83 Then
9 Is 34 Where 59 Below 84 Than
10 Are 35 When 60 Beside 85 Through
11 was 36 Which 61 Besides 86 Toward
12 were 37 Who 62 By 87 Towards
13 has 38 Whose 63 between 88 Under
14 have 39 Why 64 Down 89 Until
15 has 40 How 65 Despite 90 Up
16 had 41 how far 66 During 91 Upon
17 Do 42 how much 67 In 92 Till
18 does 43 how long 68 Into 93 Near
19 Did 44 how many 69 Inside 94 With
20 shall 45 how old 70 Except 95 Within
21 should 46 About 71 For 96 Without
22 will 47 Above 72 From 97 And
23 would 48 Ago 73 Near 98 But
24 Can 49 Along 74 Over 99 So
25 could 50 Among 75 On 100 Or
 tion words

tion வோர்த்றதயின் கறடசியில் வய௃ம். இறத ‘ஶன்’ ஋ன்று உச்சோிக்க பவண்டும்.

a,e,o,u + ion ----- long Vowel Sound ல் உச்சோிக்க பவண்டும் ( ation, etion, otion, ution)

i+ tion ----- Short Vowel Sound ல் உச்சோிக்க பவண்டும் ( ition)

tion ation Etion Ition Otion Ution

Sl
ஶன் ஌ஶன் ஈஶன் இஶன் ஏஶன் யூஶன்

1 action Vacation Deletion Edition Emotion Pollution

2 attention dedication completion Tuition Devotion Institution

3 caution Dictation secretion Position Notion Evolution

4 contraction preparation depletion Petition Lotion Distribution

5 description celebration accretion Audition Motion Execution

6 direction Nation impletion Addition Demotion Contribution

7 fiction population excretion Ambition Remotion Resolution

8 lotion Violation incretion Condition Promotion Precaution

9 motion education concretion Nutrition Prenotion Solution

10 option explanation discretion Partition Commotion Dilution

11 question frustration suppletion Definition Potion Elocution

12 subtraction invitation repletion Cognition Amotion Allocution

13 protection Station incompletion Exposition Locomotion Constitution

14 dejection anticipation indiscretion Demolition Misdevotion Substitution

15 election Duration hypersecretion competition Motional Absolution

 tion, sion, ssion, cion, cian, tian words

tion, sion, ssion, cion, cian, tian இந்த 6 ம் வோர்த்றதயின் கறடசியில் வய௃ம்.

இந்த 6 யும் ஶன் ஋ன்று உச்சோிக்க பவண்டும்.

tion sion ssion Cion Cian Tian

Sl
ஶன் ஶன் ஶன் ஶன் ஶன் ஶன்

1 action vision Mission Coercion Musician Fustian

2 attention fusion passion Suspicion Magician Martian

3 caution version session Unsuspicion Optician Tertian

4 contraction session emission Epinicion Ethician Gentian

5 description passion admission Physician Countian

6 direction pension remission Patrician Venetian

7 fiction tension commission Mortician Egyptian

8 lotion decision discussion Clinician Christian

9 motion occasion permission Rubrician Dalmatian

10 option illusion impression Politician Dietitian

11 question revision depression Technician Antichristian

12 subtraction division submission Beautician Faustian

13 protection omission profession Electrician

14 dejection allusionn concussion Cosmetician

15 election consfusion expression Biometrician

 cial, tial, tious, cious, ance , ence words

Cial Tial tious cious Ance Ence

Sl
ஶியல் ஶல் ஶஸ் ஶஸ் அ/ஆன்ஸ் ஋ன்ஸ்

1 Social Initial cautious delicious Dance Hence

2 Facial Partial factious precious Lance Fence

3 Racial martial captious gracious Change Science

4 Glacial nuptial ambitious specious Glance Silence

5 Crucial exponential infectious spacious Fiancé Offence

6 Official credential nutritious conscious Balance Absence

7 Judicial intertial flagitious ferocious advance Defence

8 financial palatial adventitious officious romance Licence

9 surgical comitial incautious suspicious Finance Evidence

10 artificial potential tortuous auspicious enhance Audience

11 commercial essential bumptious unconscious Alliance Sentence

12 beneficial unessential seditious subconscious distance Presence

13 superficial influential Gumptious tendencious guidance Patience

14 sacrificial substantial Licentious vivacious instance Reference

15 Asocial residential contentious sagacious reliance Innocence

 11. Silent Letter

Sl
No
Letter Silent letter Rules Example Words
basically, logically, practically,
1 a lly க்கு முன்பு வய௃ம்பபோது
automatically, romantically
m க்கு பிறகு b வோர்த்றதயின் comb, bomb, thumb, climb, tomb, crumb,
இறுதியில் வய௃ம்பபோது (mb) lamb
2 b
t க்கு முன்பு b வய௃ம்பபோது (bt) doubt, doubtful, subtle, debt
combination of Sc words
scissors, ascent, fascinate, muscle
களில்

k க்கு முன்பு C வய௃ம்பபோது lock, block, puck,

3 c q க்கு முன்பு C வய௃ம்பபோது acquit, acquiesce

S க்கு பிறகு C வய௃ம்பபோது science, conscious, scissors,

i, e,o, y க்கு முன்பு C வய௃ம்பபோது decent, muscle, scent, scene

fride, edge, acknowledge, adjective,
n , g க்கு முன்பு d வய௃ம்பபோது budget, badge, adjust, judge, handkerchief,
lodge, sandwich, bridge, pledge, porridge
4 d
combination of dg words களில் pledge, dodge, grudge, hedge
Wednesday, handsome, handkerchief,
d உச்சோிப்பு வய௃ம் வோர்த்றதகள்
sandwith
magic e வய௃ம் வோர்த்றதகளில் fore, table, before, write, give, hide
worked, fixed, begged, helped, talked,
5 e Second and Third formS of Verbs
walked
E உச்சோிப்பு வய௃ம் வோர்த்றதகள் he, she, be, we, the
 n க்கு முன்பு g வய௃ம்பபோது sign, design, foreign, gnash, align

g உச்சோிப்பு வய௃ம் வோர்த்றதகள் magnet, igneous, signature, cognitive,

6 g (Middle of the word) ignore
between after a vowel and
before h (igh light, bright, hight, through, daughter, night
word களில்)
high, light, thought, through, alight, night,
vowel க்கு பிறகு gh is silent
bright
compound word களில் gh
உச்சோிப்பு வய௃ம்
doghuse, bighead, fog horn
6
a)
gh
ஃப் (F) உச்சோிப்பில் gh வய௃ம்
வோர்த்றதகள்
draught, cough, laugh, tough, rough

வோர்த்றதயின் நடுவில் gh
வய௃ம்பபோது silent
sight, night, eight, might, fight, weight

W க்கு பிறகு h வய௃ம்பபோது why, what, when, whern,

wh combination ல் உச்சோிப்பு
வய௃ம் வோர்த்றதகள்
whose, who, whoever, whole
Article A பயன்படுத்தும்
7 h வோர்த்றதகளில் h is Silent
hour, honest, honor, heir
Article An பயன்படுத்தும்
வோர்த்றதகளில் h உச்சோிபு வய௃ம்
history, hair, happiness

Cக்கு பிறகு சிலபநரங்களில் h

Silent
choir, echo, stomach, technology
7 rh வோர்த்றதகளில்
rh ததோடங்கும்பபோது h is silent
rhyme, rhythm, rhinoceros
a)
know, knock, knife, knight, knowledge,
8 k n க்கு முன்பு வய௃ம்பபோது k silent
knot, knee
a பிறகு வய௃ம்பபோது calf, half, plam

9 l u பிறகு வய௃ம்பபோது would,should, could

o பிறகு வய௃ம்பபோது folk, yolk

10 n m பிறகு வய௃ம்பபோது column, damn, solemn, autumn

11 o o Silent வய௃ம் வோர்த்றதகள் people, country, leopard, favourite, favour
ps ல்ததோடங்கும் வோர்த்றதகளில்
pslam, psycho, psalm, psychologist
p silent
pt ல்ததோடங்கும் வோர்த்றதகளில்
Pterodactyl
p silent
12 p
pn ல்ததோடங்கும் வோர்த்றதகளில்
pneumonia, pneumatic
p silent

pt உச்சோிப்பு வய௃ம் வோர்த்றதகள் receipt, cupboard, raspberry

12 ஃப் (F) உச்சோிப்பில் ph வய௃ம் sophia, phone, paragraph, elephant,
a)
ph வோர்த்றதகள் telephone
12 r only in British English words butter, fork, star, poor

13 s L க்கு முன்பு S வய௃ம்பபோது aisle, island, isle, islet

match, watch, witch, sketch, catch, stitch,
Ch க்கு முன்பு t வய௃ம்பபோது (tch)
butcher, scratch
sten ல் முடியும் வோர்த்றதகளில் t
is silent
listen, christen, fasten, moisten, glisten
castle, nestle, bristle, gristle,whistle,
14 t stle ல் முடியும் வோர்த்றதகளில் t is
silent
jostle,bustle, wrestle, trestle, wrastle,
hustle, mistle
castle, christmas, fasten, listen, often,
t உச்சோிப்பு வரோத வோர்த்றதகள் whistle, thistle, bustle, basten, soften,
rapport, ballet
guess, guidance, guitar, guest, guild, guard,
g பிறகும் vowel கு முன்பும் u
15 u வந்தோல் u is silent
dialogue, monologue, league, rouge,
tongue
wr ல்ததோடங்கும் வோர்த்றதகளில் wrap, write, wrong, wring, wreck, wrestle,
w silent wrist, wrest
16 w
who, whose, whom, whoever, answer,
w உச்சோிப்பு வரோத வோர்த்றதகள்
sword, two
 12. Syllables
1. ஑ Vowels . ( a, e, i, o, u, y)

2. ஑ Vowel Sound

Syllables ஆ . School – 1 syllable, tennis – 2 syllable

3. 2 Vowels ஑ Consonant , Vowel , long Vowel

Sound Consonant Syllable . Tiger – Ti-ger

4. 2 Vowels ஑ Consonant , Vowel , Short Vowel

Sound Consonant Syllable .

Basic- bas-ic, camel – cam-el planet- plan-et

5. Consonant pencil- pen-cil basket – bas-ket

6. Consonant ஑ Tennis- Ten-nis address- ad-dress

7. 3 or 4 Consonants embrace- em-race complete- com-plete

8. Exceptions in 3, 4 Consonants

Sandwich- sand-wich, sculpture – sculp-ture kitchen- kitch-en

9. Monosyllabic words : school star tongue laugh ten

10. Compound Word : Cupcake – cup-cake windmill- wind-mill lighthouse- light-house

11. Prefix : exact- ex-act rewind-re-wind unkind-un-kind inhale- in- hale

12. Suffix: golden- gold-en, useless- use-less leader- lead-er softness- soft-ness

13. Vowel sound is alone in a word

Idea – i-de-a about- a-bout graduate- grad-u-ate

14. Vowels Sound

 Lion- li-on bias- bi-as diet- di-et poem-po-em

15. Consonant +le

Simple- sim-ple humble- hum-ble circle- cir-cle jungle- jun-cle

16. Stle

Castle- cas-tle whistle- whis-tle wrestle- wres-tle hustle- hus-tle

17. Ckle

Pickle- pick-le tickle- tick-le knuckle- knuck-le buckle- buck-le

18. ஑ ck and x Syllable ஐ

Hockey- hock-ey pocket – pock-et oxygen- ox-y-gen expert- ex-pert

19.

R & L blend – pr, cr, tr, fl, pl, cl, --- secret – se/cret, simple – sim/ple

Digraphs- sh, ch, th, ph, ck, ng- --- wishes- wish/es, gather – gath/er

Vowel Team – ai, ei, oa, oe, ee, oo --- beach- beach, teacher – teach/er

Silent e or Magic E – mate- mate, cute-cute , bite- bite

R Controlled Vowels – ar, er, ir, or, ur worker – work/er, tailor- tail/or

Glued Words – ng, nk, mp, nd, ---- blink- blink

Main Verb + ed உச்சோிக்கும் முறறகள்

1. கறடசி ஋ழுத்து d , t ல் முடிந்தோல் அறத ‘஋ட் ‘ எலியில் உச்சோிக்க பவண்டும்
2. கறடசி ஋ழுத்து k, p, c, ck, sh, ss, ch, gh, th, f, x ல் முடிந்தோல் அறத ‘ட் ' (d sound)
எலியில் உச்சோிக்க பவண்டும்
3. கறடசி ஋ழுத்து g, L,LL ,r, s, w,y,v, z,b,j,m ல் முடிந்தோல் அறத ‘ட் ' (t sound)
எலியில் உச்சோிக்க பவண்டும்
Sl ed (஋ட்) ed (ட்) t ed(ட்) d
1 Visited Worked Closed
2 Started Watched Rubbed
 3 Painted Finished Hugged
4 Assisted Passed Called
5 Needed Droped Charmed
6 Attended Daced Planned
7 Mended Fixed Tired
8 Wanted Laughed Loved
9 Trusted Helped Played
10 Treated Searched Looked

13. General Tips

Letter l, r,s, f க்கு முன்பு வய௃ம்’ a’ றய ஆ எலியில் உச்சோிக்க பவண்டும்

Letter ll, rr,ss க்கு முன்பு வய௃ம்’ a’ றய ஋... எலியில் உச்சோிக்க பவண்டும்

Sl L, r,s, f ல் முடியும் வோர்த்றதகள் ll,rr,ss

1 Ball Ward Cast Staff Barrel

2 Call Card Past shafe Balled

3 Tall Yard Last shaft Massive

4 Wall Hard Fast after Barreage

5 Fall Bark Vast graft Pallet

6 Hall Park Ask draft Chassis

7 Calm Mark Cast Craft Carrier

8 Palm March Task Rally

9 Salt Art Mask Basset

10 Talk Part Bask Carry

 11 Walk Arm master Tally

12 Chalk Jar Grasp Passage

Letter l, r,s, க்கு முன்பு வய௃ம் O றவ ’ ஏ’ எலியில் உச்சோிக்க பவண்டும்

Letter ll, rr,ss க்கு முன்பு வய௃ம் O றவ ’அ ‘எலியில் உச்சோிக்க பவண்டும்

Sl L, r,s, ல் முடியும் வோர்த்றதகள் ll,rr,ss

1 host Colt Import ஆ sound lorry boss
2 most Dolt Export Cost sorry Loss
3 post Jolt Fork Lost horry Moss
4 old Molt Cork Short Sorrel Toss
5 bold Volt Dork torrent Gloss
6 cold Folk Pork Torrid Floss
7 fold Yolk Lord horrible Gossip
8 gold Port Forth porridge Fossil
9 hold Fort Force corridor Posset
10 sold Sort Dolly Cosset
11 scold Tort Jolly
12 bolt import Molly

வோர்த்றதயின் கறடசியில் வய௃ம் 'y' ஍ 'இ' ஋ன்று உச்சோிக்க பவண்டும்

y க்கு முன்பு வய௃ம் vowel ஍ long vewel sound ல் உச்சோிக்க பவண்டும்

Vowel வரோத வோர்த்ட்றதயில் உள்ள 'y' ஍ 'இ' ஋ன்று உச்சோிக்க பவண்டும்

no vowel
Sl a+y e+ y i+y i+y o+ y u+ y
+y
 ஌/஋ய் இ ஍ இ ஏ யூ ஍

1 baby Enemy Ivy Amplify Bon Duly by Fly

2 lady Icy Certify Dozy Duty my Sly

3 lazy Tiny Justify Glory Jury thy Ply

4 navy Shiny Clarify Holy Ruby shy Pry

5 wavy Spiny Glorify Logy truly cry Sky

6 crazy Spicy Verify Nosy deputy dry Spy

7 gravy Fairy Rectify Only Beauty fry

8 Daisy Specify Pony Fluty try

9 Horrify Posy

10 Magnify Rosy

11 Qualify Story

12 Identify tony