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Geography book class 10 overview

Class 10 geography book introduction & overview

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18.F.JAGDISH PATTNAIK
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26 views

Geography book class 10 overview

Class 10 geography book introduction & overview

Uploaded by

18.F.JAGDISH PATTNAIK
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Geography book class 10 overview

Class 10 CBSE Geography focuses on understanding the physical features, natural resources,
and economic activities of India, as well as their importance in shaping the country's
development. The syllabus is divided into six major chapters, emphasizing resource
management, industries, and global interconnections.

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1. Resources and Development

This chapter introduces the concept of resources, their classification, and sustainable
development:

Types of resources: Natural, human-made, and human.

Land resources: Distribution, land-use patterns, and problems like land degradation.

Soil resources: Types of soil in India (alluvial, black, red, laterite, etc.), their characteristics, and
methods of soil conservation.

The chapter stresses the importance of resource planning and sustainable development for
balanced growth.

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2. Forest and Wildlife Resources

This chapter highlights the significance of biodiversity and the need to conserve it:

Types of forests and their distribution in India.

Threats to biodiversity, such as deforestation and habitat loss.

Conservation methods, including biosphere reserves, national parks, and wildlife sanctuaries.

The role of communities in protecting natural resources through initiatives like the Chipko
Movement.

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3. Water Resources

This chapter explores India’s water resources and challenges related to their management:

Sources of water: Surface water and groundwater.


The role of rivers, lakes, and dams in India’s development.

Challenges like water scarcity, overuse, and pollution.

The need for water conservation and management through rainwater harvesting and watershed
development.

Major dam projects like Bhakra Nangal, Hirakud, and Sardar Sarovar are also discussed.

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4. Agriculture

Agriculture forms the backbone of India’s economy, and this chapter focuses on its types and
challenges:

Types of farming: Subsistence, commercial, and plantation farming.

Cropping patterns: Major crops like rice, wheat, sugarcane, and cotton.

Issues in agriculture: Dependence on monsoons, small landholdings, and lack of infrastructure.

Government initiatives like Minimum Support Price (MSP) and Kisan Credit Card Scheme.

This chapter emphasizes the need for modern techniques and sustainable practices in
agriculture.

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5. Minerals and Energy Resources

This chapter covers India’s rich mineral and energy resources:

Types of minerals: Ferrous, non-ferrous, and non-metallic.

Major mining regions and mineral-rich states in India.

Conventional energy resources: Coal, petroleum, and natural gas.

Non-conventional energy resources: Solar, wind, and geothermal energy.

The chapter promotes sustainable mining and renewable energy usage.

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6. Manufacturing Industries

This chapter explains the role of industries in economic development:


Types of industries: Agro-based, mineral-based, and chemical industries.

Industrial regions in India and the factors influencing their location.

Challenges like environmental pollution and the need for sustainable industrial growth.

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7. Lifelines of National Economy

This chapter highlights the importance of transportation, communication, and trade:

Modes of transport: Roadways, railways, waterways, and airways.

Communication systems like postal services, telecommunication, and digital networks.

Importance of trade in connecting India to global markets.

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Conclusion

Class 10 Geography equips students with essential knowledge about India’s physical and
economic resources, emphasizing sustainable development and resource management. By
understanding these topics, students gain insights into the challenges and opportunities for
India’s growth and global integration.

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