Chia Ching House Architects: Carlos Castanheira, Álvaro Siza Vieira

Location: CHANGHUA COUNTY, TAIWAN

Taifong Golf Club Area: 11886 m² Year: 2020

The Chia Ching House at

Taifong Golf Club, designed
by Portuguese architects
Álvaro Siza Vieira and Carlos
Design Elements Castanheira, is a striking
example of modern
architecture harmonizing with
nature. Located in Taifong, the
design focuses on simplicity,
functionality, and integration
with the surrounding
landscape. By using natural
elements like light and air, the
project creates a tranquil,
balanced space that blends
contemporary style with
comfort. The architects’
attention to detail and
thoughtful material selection
emphasize the connection
between architecture and its
Line environment.
The use of lines represents the simplest of fundamental architectural design
elements. Lines define the shape, form, and volume within a design solution, and also
contribute to creating a sense of rhythm and flow within the design.
Horizontal lines have been used to
convey a sense of stability and solidity
Among the uses of lines: to the building, as well as to create a
feeling of horizontal extension and
Horizontal Lines focus attention on the focal points.
Horizontal lines tend to create a sense of
stability, focus, and direction. While they
may visually elongate a space and lower
the ceiling, they can also be used to
highlight a particular focal point. Vertical lines have been used inside
the building to enhance the sense of
Vertical lines
ceiling height, complementing the
Vertical lines are associated with strength,
horizontal extension of the building.
stability, and elevation. It is believed that
viewing them is less natural compared to
horizontal lines, and they extend away from
our visual plane, enhancing the feeling of
height in a space.
Shape
Shape refers to the external appearance or geometric
configuration of an element or building. It is defined by
the outer boundaries that form its space or structure.
Among the uses of shape:

Geometric shapes
Consists of basic shapes – square, triangle, and circle,
which dominate our architectural environment. These
shapes are simple, understandable, and considered
“perfect,” giving them a sense of stability and order.

The use of triangles in patterns and repetition

Mass
adds aesthetic complexity and provides
visual diversity in the design. Mass in architectural design refers to the three-dimensional aspect of
shapes, representing the geometric or volumetric block of the project.
Every architectural design relies on the formation of a specific mass or
volume, and the massing plays a crucial role in defining the building’s
The rectangle is used for its ease of use and the ability
overall appearance and its interaction with the surrounding environment.
to divide it into rooms or sections, enhancing balance
and simplicity due to its right angles. It allows for Among the uses of Mass:
efficient space utilization and material savings, as they
can be stacked in simple ways without complex
engineering. Additionally, it can be easily integrated with
other shapes in the design.
Geometric Mass
This type consists of basic shapes in
three-dimensional form, such as the
cube, pyramid, and sphere. These

Texture basic masses represent the primary

building forms we use.
Texture is a design element that represents the
surface appearance of an object. In architecture,
texture is perceived in two ways: visually and tactilely.
Texture in materials refers to how we perceive the feel Design Principles
of an object’s surface, whether smooth, rough, soft,
etc. Among the uses of Principles:

Emphasis (Dominance)
Smooth surfaces, characterized
Emphasis highlights the most important
by a cool appearance, are
elements in a composition, establishing
perceived as retaining cold. This
a focal point or hierarchy that makes
texture gives an impression of
certain elements stand out more than
freshness and coolness when
others.
touched. It can be uncomfortable
in certain conditions due to its
effect on the sensation of heat.

Repetition (Rythm) Proportion (Scale)

Repetition is the use Proportion relates to the relationship
between the sizes of various elements
of the same design
within a composition. Maintaining
elements repeatedly consistent proportions ensures visual
to create patterns or balance.
achieve consistency.
It helps add unity
and rhythm to the
design.
 Spatial Organization
Clustered Organization

Linear Organization

In this image, the linear design is clearly visible, with

parallel lines directing the viewer’s gaze toward a specific
point, creating a sense of movement and clarity. The
space feels simple and modern, with seamless continuity
between areas without complex barriers, enhancing the
sense of flow and organization in the design. The image shows a clustered design that
groups spaces with similar functions into
Grid Organization
close clusters, making them easily
accessible and enhancing usage
efficiency. This organization highlights
clear flexibility for future expansion and
modification, creating an environment
that encourages social interaction
among users. The asymmetrical
arrangements add visual diversity and
vibrancy to the design, with optimal use
of space, especially in irregular areas.

In this image, we can see the use of a grid design that organizes Interlocking Spaces
the elements in a consistent manner, facilitating easy
movement between spaces. This system allows for efficient
space distribution and enhances space utilization. The design
also demonstrates flexibility for expansion and modification,
while providing a strong structure that supports the architectural
framework of the project.

Spaces Linked by a Common Space

In this image, we can observe the use of
interlocking spaces that allow seamless
interaction between different areas. The
design shows how users can benefit
from diverse spaces for multiple
purposes while maintaining a sense of
privacy without complete separation.
Movement between areas is easy and
comfortable, and the design
In this image, we can see how the common space links different demonstrates efficient space utilization,
areas seamlessly, making movement between them easy and
creating visual connectivity between the sections. The common
creating a dynamic environment that
space provides a balance between privacy and openness, flexibly meets the users’ needs.
allowing for flexible use of the spaces and enhancing user
comfort and experience within the design.
 Design Concept

The design of the Chia Ching House at Taifong Golf Club is

an example of architectural integration with its natural
surroundings. Architects Álvaro Siza and Carlos Castanheira
strategically distributed the building across the site, allowing
for interaction between the interior spaces and the
surrounding nature, particularly the golf course. The structure
is divided in such a way that it cannot be fully seen from any
one angle, enhancing a sense of privacy and connection
with the environment.

The design of the Chia Ching House is based

on a balance between function and beauty,
where architectural elements such as light
and shadow contribute to creating a rich
visual experience. The materials have been
carefully selected to provide comfort and
integration with nature, ensuring the
structure’s sustainability. Light plays a
significant role in shaping the atmosphere
inside the building through large windows,
enhancing the sense of openness and
connection to the outdoor spaces. This
architectural philosophy is reflected in the
interaction between volume, space, and
light, creating a comfortable and
harmonious environment that blends with its
surroundings and offers an integrated
experience for the users.

Ziyad Alshamrani 2240006674 Albara Alsayari 2240005525

Referencecs Saleh Alhammad 2240002963 Thamer Alqhtani 2240006584
( Archdaily,Rethinking The Future,Pinteresrt,carloscastanheira.pt) Abdullah Almalki 2240000842 Saeed Aldawsari 2240002813
 Viipuri Library
Project Name: Viipuri Library Vipuri Library: The Genius of Functional and Humanistic Design
(also known as Vyborg
Library)
When we look for the intersection of art and function in modern architecture, the work of Alvar Aalto, and in particular the Viipuri Library project, leads us to explore a“
Designer: Alvar Aalto
Location: Vyborg, Russia design centered around the human and the environment. Designed by Finnish architect Alvar Aalto in 1935, the library is a unique example of timeless modernism. Located in
.the city of Vyborg, Russia, the project was designed to be more than just a place to read; it was designed to be an integrated cultural and architectural experience

Aalto is known for his designs that combine simple beauty with advanced functionality, and the Viipuri Library demonstrates a wonderful balance between form and
function. Through his design, Aalto focused on exploiting natural light, creating a smooth flow between spaces, and providing an environment that makes the user feel
comfortable and harmonious. Every element in the library reflects his design philosophy that embodies the integration of man and nature within a modern architectural
.framework

In this analysis, we will explore the design elements and principles that make the Viipuri Library an enduring architectural icon. We will discuss Spatial organization, design
concept, and Alvar Aalto's use of spatial relationships to create a memorable, functional and human experience

Design Elements
Line:
Shape:
description : Alvar Aalto used horizontal and vertical lines to
emphasize order and simplicity ,description : geometric shapes are simple and clear
Horizontal lines are evident in the long windows and open consisting of rectangular and curved forms
spaces, creating a sense of spaciousness The combination of geometric structures and organic
,Curved lines appear in the wave-like ceiling of the lecture hall spaces balances functionality with aesthetics
enhancing acoustics and visual dynamics How it creates visual interest
How it creates visual interest The contrast between rigid geometric shapes and
Horizontal lines create a feeling of calm and tranquility flexible organic forms evokes curiosity and creates
Curved lines add dynamism and movement, drawing attention harmonious visual expression
to interior details

Analysis of the Line

Element

Color: texture:

Description: The use of natural materials like wood and glass provides a humanistic.
description : The color palette is calm and simple, with a focus on white and natural wood toe
and warm feeling 1. Horizontal Lines:
The colors of walls and windows enhance natural lighting within the building
Smooth and cohesive surfaces in the reading halls enhance visual comfort. :Prominence in Design
How it creates visual interest
How it creates visual interest? .The horizontal lines dominate the building's façade through the alignment of windows, rooflines, and the base of the structure
Neutral colors promote a sense of peace and balance
The contrast between the smooth texture of wood and glass and the solid details of the .The long strip of windows emphasizes the building's linearity, creating a sense of openness and continuity
The contrast between white and natural wood accentuates the aesthetic qualities of the
Space: structure creates visual balance and enhances comfort :Effect
materials used
.These lines contribute to the building's grounded, stable appearance
description : The project features open and spacious areas, such as the reading halls, which allow .The horizontal lines help elongate the structure visually, making it appear more expansive and connected to its surroundings
natural light to flow freely :Vertical Lines .2
The spatial organization considers functional separation, with public spaces distinctly separated from :Role in Balance
private ones .Vertical lines appear in the window dividers and edges of the building
How it creates visual interest
.They provide contrast to the dominant horizontality of the design
Open spaces provide a sense of freedom and comfort
:Effect
The interplay of volumes and heights between spaces highlights the importance of each area and adds
meaning to the design
.These lines balance the design by adding rhythm and structure, preventing the façade from appearing monotonous

Analysis of the Shape

Texture analysis in Element
Viipuri Library:

Natural wood
1. Geometric Shapes:
.The images show the use of natural wood in furniture, shelves and flooring
.The layout prominently features rectangular forms that define the overall structure of the library

,The warm and organic texture of wood creates a human character and a comfortable environment for users. Wood creates a beautiful contrast with other materials .Circular shapes are used in the ceiling pattern, likely representing skylights, adding variety and contrast to the dominant rectangular framework
.enhancing the sensory and visual experience
.These shapes are simple and clear, creating an organized and modern aesthetic

.Glass is widely used in large windows

:Relationship Between Shapes .2
The transparent texture of glass enhances the connection between the inside and the outside, creating an integrated experience with nature. Natural light passing through
.The rectangles represent the primary spatial organization, reflecting the structural elements like rooms, corridors, and overall boundaries
.the glass adds depth and contrast between solid and transparent elements
.The circles, placed rhythmically within the larger rectangles, create visual interest and balance. They break the rigidity of the rectangular forms and add a sense of dynamism
Texture in Viipuri Library is cleverly used to provide an integrated sensory experience, as natural wood, glass windows and smooth surfaces create a balanced
.environment that combines warmth and modernity
 Design principles

Contrast The visual balance between the

Balance
The use of natural materials such
main masses of the building
as exposed stone or concrete with and the )walls and columns(
.transparent glass large windows

The contrast between the solid The distribution of tall

masses of the walls and the horizontal windows in harmony
transparent open windows with the vertical lines of
structural elements such as
reflects the relationship between
columns, creating a balance
.nature and modernity
between stability and
.movement

Rhythm Unity
The regular distribution
of windows along the Visual unity: The regular repetition of
circular windows on the ceiling
facade creates a visual
creates a sense of harmony and
rhythm that supports .coherence between all the elements
repetition and
Interconnection of shapes: Using the
organization same shape (circle) with the same
size and distribution enhances unity in
.the design

Scales
.The facade design is in harmony with the human and the surroundings

.The large windows reflect the open nature of the library, enhancing the feeling of welcome

Conclusion:

The facade of Viipuri Library focuses on functional simplicity and harmonious beauty, using the principles of balance, contrast and rhythm to highlight the harmony between nature and modernity. The design reflects Aalto’s
philosophy of creating buildings that enhance the human experience and respect the surrounding environment
SPATIAL RELATIONSHIPS
ADJACENT SPACES
The spaces in the picture clearly reflect the concept of adjacent spaces, as the two
levels (upper and lower) are adjacent, with the stairs participating as an element that
connects them functionally, achieving a functional overlap between them without
complete integration

Spaces Linked by a Common

Space Stairs as a connecting element:
Stairs act as a shared space that connects the upper interior level with the lower exterior
space, creating a spatial and functional connection between them
Central corridor
The corridor on the upper level connects the closed interior spaces, making it a shared
space that serves all the neighboring spaces

SPATIAL ORGANIZATIONS

Clustered Organization:
: In the left part of the diagram, spaces are clustered near elevators and stairs,
indicating a clustered organization. These spaces are functionally interconnected
and not formally arranged, relying on proximity and common relationship in use
 Linear Organization
,In the right part of the plan, a clear arrangement of spaces in regular
repetitive rows is evident, as evidenced by the rows of columns and long
corridors that organize movement. This indicates a linear organization
,characterized by a sequential arrangement of spaces along a specific axis
allowing direct and clear movement between the different spaces

Design Concept
Human-Centered Design
.Aalto’s primary focus was on creating a space that prioritizes the user's experience
The design emphasizes comfort, functionality, and interaction, making it a welcoming environment for readers and
.staff

Integration of Natural Light

.Aalto utilized large windows and skylights to flood the interior with natural light
The use of light not only enhances visibility but also creates a serene and inspiring atmosphere for reading and
.learning

Harmony Between Form and Function

.The library balances aesthetic appeal with practical functionality

.Every design element, from the layout to the choice of materials, serves both visual and operational purposes

:Spatial Fluidity

The spatial organization reflects a seamless flow between areas

.Reading rooms are connected visually and physically
.Central staircases allow fluid movement between levels
.Open sightlines enhance the sense of openness and connectivity within the space

Materiality and Texture

.Aalto employed natural materials like wood to create warmth and humanize the space
The use of materials contrasts between soft textures (wood) and hard, modern surfaces (glass and
.)concrete

:Sustainability and Contextual Sensitivity

The building responds to its environment by maximizing natural light and ventilation, reducing the need for
.artificial lighting
.Its design respects the surrounding landscape, blending the building harmoniously with its context

:Innovation in Acoustics

The wave-like ceilings in the lecture hall were designed to enhance acoustics, ensuring clarity of sound
.throughout the space

Conclusion

The design concept of Viipuri Library demonstrates Aalto’s innovative approach to architecture. By
integrating natural elements, prioritizing user comfort, and balancing form with function, the library remains
.a timeless masterpiece that serves as a model for human-centered and functional design

Referencec

Referencecs Ziyad Alshamrani 2240006674 Albara Alsayari 2240005525 Saleh Alhammad 2240002963

Archdaily,Rethinking The Future,Pinteresrt,carloscastanheira.pt Thamer Alqhtani 2240006584 Abdullah Almalki 2240000842 Saeed Aldawsari 2240002813